Assessing humoral and cell-mediated immune response in Hawaiian green turtles, Chelonia mydas
Thierry M. Work, George H. Balazs, Robert Rameyer, S.P. Chang, J. Berestecky
2000, Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology (74) 179-194
Seven immature green turtles, Chelonia mydas, captured from Kaneohe Bay on the island of Oahu were used to evaluate methods for assessing their immune response. Two turtles each were immunized intramuscularly with egg white lysozyme (EWL) in Freund’s complete adjuvant, Gerbu, or ISA-70; a seventh turtle was immunized with saline only...
Predation on Corynorhinus townsendii by Rattus rattus
Gary M. Fellers
2000, Southwestern Naturalist (45) 524-527
Corynorhinus townsendii (Townsend's big- eared bat) is a rare and declining species. Ex- tensive surveys for the coastal subspecies, C. t. townsendii, in California indicate that only 50% of historic maternity colonies are occu- pied currently (Pierson and Rainey, 1996). Three of the largest maternity colonies occur in Marin...
Effects of management practices on grassland birds: Eastern Meadowlark
Scott D. Hull
2000, Report
Information on the habitat requirements and effects of habitat management on grassland birds were summarized from information in more than 4,000 published and unpublished papers. A range map is provided to indicate the relative densities of the species in North America, based on Breeding Bird Survey (BBS) data. Although birds...
A survey of current breeding habitats: Chapter 5 in Status, ecology and conservation of the Southwestern Willow Flycatcher (RMRS-GTR-60)
Mark K. Sogge, Robert M. Marshall
Deborah M. Finch, Scott H. Stoleson, editor(s)
2000, General Technical Report RMRS-GTR-60-5
The distribution and abundance of a species across a landscape depends, in part, on the distribution and abundance of appropriate habitat. If basic resource needs such as food, water, and cover are not present, then that species is excluded from the area. Scarcity of appropriate habitat is generally the key...
The disparity between extreme rainfall events and rare floods - with emphasis on the semi-arid American West
W. R. Osterkamp, Jonathan M. Friedman
2000, Hydrological Processes (14) 2817-2829
Research beginning 40 years ago suggested that semi-arid lands of the USA have higher unit discharges for a given recurrence interval than occur in other areas. Convincing documentation and arguments for this suspicion, however, were not presented. Thus, records of measured rainfall intensities for specified durations and recurrence intervals, and...
Geochemical investigations by the U.S. Geological Survey on uranium mining, milling, and environmental restoration
Edward R. Landa, Charles A. Cravotta, David L. Naftz, Philip L. Verplanck, D. Kirk Nordstrom, Robert A. Zielinski
2000, Technology (7) 381-396
Recent research by the U.S. Geological Survey has characterized contaminant sources and identified important geochemical processes that influence transport of radionuclides from uranium mining and milling wastes. 1) Selective extraction studies indicated that alkaline earth sulfates and hydrous ferric oxides are important hosts of 226Ra in uranium mill tailings. The...
Elk-effects vegetation monitoring program for Tomales Point Elk Range, Point Reyes National Seashore, California
Kathryn McEachern, Marcia Semenoff-Irving, Pamela van der Leeden
2000, Open-File Report 2000-487
The monitoring program for elk effects on Tomales Point vegetation is designed to provide information on how tule elk grazing affects plant communities and rare species. The basic objective of the program is to show whether the elk are driving the vegetation into an unacceptable state by their grazing. The...
Preliminary survey for entomopathogenic fungi associated with Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae) in southern New York and New England, USA
Elyes Zhioua, Howard S. Ginsberg, Richard A. Humber, Roger A. LeBrun
1999, Journal of Medical Entomology (36) 635-637
Free-living larval, nymphal, and adult Ixodes scapularis Say were collected from scattered locales in southern New England and New York to determine infection rates with entomopathogenic fungi. Infection rates of larvae, nymphs, males, and females were 0% (571), 0% (272), 0% (57), and 4.3% (47), respectively. Two entomopathogenic...
Role of banding in forest conservation strategy in eastern Guatemala
C.S. Robbins, B.A. Dowell, I. Arias, A. Cerezo B.
1999, North American Bird Bander (24) 93-94(abs)
In response to a request from FUNDAECO, a Guatemalan non-government organization, we worked with them to develop a conservation strategy for the Cerro San Gil Protected Area and surrounding private lands. Volunteer banders from a dozen states and Canadian provinces assisted in long-term monitoring of populations of resident and migratory...
Water quality, physical habitat, and fish-community composition in streams in the Twin Cities metropolitan area, Minnesota, 1997-98
Philip J. Talmage, Kathy Lee, Robert M. Goldstein, Jesse P. Anderson, James D. Fallon
1999, Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4247
Water quality, physical habitat, and fish-community composition were characterized at 13 Twin Cities metropolitan area streams during low-flow conditions, September 1997. Fish communities were resampled during September 1998. Sites were selected based on a range of human population density. Nutrient concentrations were generally low, rarely exceeding concentrations found in agricultural...
Hydrogeologic framework and sampling design for an assessment of agricultural pesticides in ground water in Pennsylvania
Bruce D. Lindsey, Tammy M. Bickford
1999, Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4076
State agencies responsible for regulating pesticides are required by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to develop state management plans for specific pesticides. A key part of these management plans includes assessing the potential for contamination of ground water by pesticides throughout the state. As an example of how a statewide...
Pesticides in streams of the United States : initial results from the National Water-Quality Assessment Program
Steven J. Larson, Robert J. Gilliom, Paul D. Capel
1999, Water-Resources Investigations Report 98-4222
Water samples from 58 rivers and streams across the United States were analyzed for pesticides as part of the National Water-Quality Assessment Program of the U.S. Geological Survey. The sampling sites represent 37 diverse agricultural basins, 11 urban basins, and 10 basins with mixed land use. Forty-six pesticides and pesticide...
Storage Capacity and Water Quality of Lake Ngardok, Babeldaob Island, Republic of Palau, 1996-98
Chiu Wang Yeung, Michael F. Wong
1999, Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4118
A bathymetric survey conducted during March and April, 1996, determined the total storage capacity Lake Ngardok to be between 90 and 168 acre-feet. Elevation-surface area and elevation-capacity curves summarizing the current relations among elevation, surface area, and storage capacity were created from the bathymetric map. Rainfall and lake-elevation data collected...
Surficial geology and distribution of post-impoundment sediment of the western part of Lake Mead based on a sidescan sonar and high-resolution seismic-reflection survey
David C. Twichell, VeeAnn A. Cross, Mark J. Rudin, Kenneth F. Parolski
1999, Open-File Report 99-581
Sidescan sonar imagery and high-resolution seismic-reflection profiles were collected in Las Vegas Bay and Boulder Basin of Lake Mead to determine the surficial geology as well as the distribution and thickness of sediment that has accumulated in these areas of the lake since the completion of Hoover Dam in 1935...
Preliminary report on deposit models for sand and gravel in the Cache la Poudre River valley
W. H. Langer, D. A. Lindsey
1999, Open-File Report 99-587
The stratigraphy, sedimentary features, and physical characteristics of gravel deposits in the Cache la Poudre River valley were studied to establish geologic models for these deposits. Because most of the gravel mined in the valley is beneath the low terraces and floodplain, the quality of these deposits for aggregate was studied in...
Hydrogeology of, water withdrawal from, and water levels and chloride concentrations in the major Coastal Plain aquifers of Gloucester and Salem Counties, New Jersey
S.J. Cauller, G.B. Carleton, M.J. Storck
1999, Water-Resources Investigations Report 98-4136
Eight aquifers underlying Gloucester and Salem Counties in the southwestern Coastal Plain of New Jersey provide nearly all the drinking water for the 295,000 people who live in the area. Ground-water withdrawals in the two-county area and adjoining counties have affected water levels in several of these aquifers. Ground-water withdrawals...
Restoration of bighorn sheep metapopulations in and near 15 national parks: Conservation of a severely fragmented species; Volume I, Planning, problem definition, findings, and restoration
Francis J. Singer, Michelle A. Gudorf
1999, Open-File Report 99-102
Bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis) were historically a ubiquitous species. Prior to the arrival of Europeans, they were seemingly widespread in nearly all steep habitats in the mountains, foothills, river breaks, and prairie badlands of the western United States. However, since catastrophic declines in the late 1800s and early 1900s, most...
Cobalt-rich ferromanganese crusts in the Pacific
James R. Hein, Andrea Koschinsky, Michael Bau, Frank T. Manheim, Jung-Keuk Kang, Leanne Roberts
D.S. Cronan, editor(s)
1999, Book chapter, Handbook of marine mineral deposits
Co-rich Fe-Mn crusts occur throughout the Pacific on seamounts, ridges, and plateaus where currents have kept the rocks swept clean of sediments at least intermittently for millions of years. Crusts precipitate out of cold ambient sea water onto hard-rock substrates forming pavements up to 250 mm thick. Crusts are important...
Rare earths: the lanthanides, yttrium and scandium
James B. Hedrick
1999, American Ceramic Society Bulletin (78) 139-141
Lithofacies, depositional environments, and regional stratigraphy of the lower Eocene Ghazij Formation, Balochistan, Pakistan
Edward A. Johnson, Peter D. Warwick, Stephen B. Roberts, Intizar H. Khan
1999, Professional Paper 1599
The coal-bearing, lower Eocene Ghazij Formation is exposed intermittently over a distance of 750 kilometers along the western margin of the Axial Belt in north-central Pakistan. Underlying the formation are Jurassic to Paleocene carbonates that were deposited on a marine shelf along the pre- and post-rift northern margin of the...
Historical trends of U.S. mineral statistics for gold, silver, and the rare earth elements
D.Z. Piper, E.B. Amey, H.E. Hilliard, J.B. Hedrick, N. Galtseva, W. J. Nokleberg
1999, Open-File Report 99-39
Distributions of uronic acids and O-methyl sugars in sinking and sedimentary particles in two coastal marine environments
Brian A. Bergamaschi, Jeffrey S. Walters, J. I. Hedges
1999, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (63) 413-425
Although recent research has indicated that bacteria may contribute an important fraction of biochemical residues in terrestrial and marine environments, it is difficult for geochemists to identify contributions from these ubiquitous and biochemically diverse organisms. Previous studies have suggested uronic acids and O-methyl sugars may be useful indicators of microbial abundance...
Geology of the Loess Hills, Iowa
1999, Report
Many Americans think of Iowa as having little topographic variation. However, in westernmost Iowa the Loess Hills rise 200 feet above the flat plains forming a narrow band running north-south 200 miles along the Missouri River. The steep angles and sharp bluffs on the western side of the Loess Hills...
Mycotoxins
Lynn H. Creekmore
1999, Report, Field manual of wildlife diseases: General field procedures and diseases of birds
Mycotoxins are toxins produced by molds (fungi) that, when they are ingested, can cause diseases called mycotoxicosis. These diseases are are not infectious. The effects on the animal are caused by fungal toxins in foods ingested, usually grains, and are not caused by infection with the fungus. Many different molds...
Effects of management practices on grassland birds: Wilson's Phalarope
Jill A. Dechant, Douglas H. Johnson, Lawrence D. Igl, Christopher M. Goldade, Amy L. Zimmerman, Betty R. Euliss
1999, Report
Information on the habitat requirements and effects of habitat management on grassland birds were summarized from information in more than 4,000 published and unpublished papers. A range map is provided to indicate the relative densities of the species in North America, based on Breeding Bird Survey (BBS) data. Although birds...
