Fishes in mangrove prop-root habitats of northeastern Florida Bay: Distinct assemblages across an estuarine gradient
J.A. Ley, Carole McIvor, C.L. Montague
1999, Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science (48) 701-723
Seasonal changes in freshwater inflow and other environmental conditions may induce changes in density and species composition of mangrove fishes along estuarine gradients. Fishes within mangrove habitats in a subtropical estuary were sampled monthly from May 1989 to May 1990, using block nets with rotenone and visual censuses. At 18...
Concentrations and distribution of manmade organic compounds in the Lake Tahoe Basin, Nevada and California, 1997-99
Michael S. Lico, Nyle Pennington
1999, Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4218
The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Tahoe Regional Planning Agency and the Lahontan Regional Water-Quality Control Board, sampled Lake Tahoe, major tributary streams to Lake Tahoe, and several other lakes in the Lake Tahoe Basin for manmade organic compounds during 1997-99.Gasoline components were found in all samples collected...
Use of automated monitoring to assess behavioral toxicology in fish: Linking behavior and physiology
S.K. Brewer, A. J. DeLonay, S.L. Beauvais, E. E. Little, S.B. Jones
1999, Conference Paper, ASTM Special Technical Publication
We measured locomotory behaviors (distance traveled, speed, tortuosity of path, and rate of change in direction) with computer-assisted analysis in 30 day posthatch rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) exposed to pesticides. We also examined cholinesterase inhibition as a potential endpoint linking physiology and behavior. Sublethal exposure to chemicals often causes changes...
Population changes in bats from central Arizona: 1972 and 1997
T. J. O'Shea, T.A. Vaughan
1999, Southwestern Naturalist (44) 495-500
Prompted by concern about declining bat populations in the southwestern United States, we surveyed for changes in populations between 1972 and 1997 at a study area in central Arizona. We duplicated earlier searches of ancient Indian dwellings and crevices in surrounding cliffs for diurnally roosting bats during the time of...
Chlorine-bearing amphiboles from the Fraser mine, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada: Description and crystal chemistry
K.A. McCormick, A.M. McDonald
1999, Canadian Mineralogist (37) 1385-1403
Three chemically distinct populations of Cl-bearing amphibole have been recognized in association with contact Ni-Cu ore deposits in Footwall Breccia at the Fraser mine, Sudbury, Ontario. The first population, defined as halogen-poor (<0.5 wt.% Cl) actinolite and magnesiohornblende, occurs predominantly as pale green grains and cores. These are generally overgrown...
Regional trends in aquatic recovery from acidification in North America and Europe
J.L. Stoddard, D.S. Jeffries, A. Lukewille, T.A. Clair, P.J. Dillon, C. T. Driscoll, M. Forsius, M. Johannessen, J. S. Kahl, J.H. Kellogg, A. Kemp, J. Mannlo, D.T. Monteith, Peter S. Murdoch, S. Patrick, A. Rebsdorl, B.L. Skjelkvale, M.P. Stainton, T. Traaen, H. Van Dam, K.E. Webster, J. Wleting, A. Wllander
1999, Nature (401) 575-578
Rates of acidic deposition from the atmosphere ('acid rain') have decreased throughout the 1980s and 1990s across large portions of North America and Europe. Many recent studies have attributed observed reversals in surface-water acidification at national and regional scales to the declining deposition. To test whether emissions regulations have led...
Conservation endocrinology: A noninvasive tool to understand relationships between carnivore colonization and ecological carrying capacity
J. Berger, J.W. Testa, T. Roffe, S.L. Monfort
1999, Conservation Biology (13) 980-989
Reproductive technology, especially the diagnosis of pregnancy by radioimmunoassay of fecal steroid metabolites, is an important component of captive propagation, but its role in our understanding of ecological interactions and in situ biological restoration has been more limited. Where large herbivores have been 'released' from predation by the extirpation of...
Trace-element geochemistry of metabasaltic rocks from the Yukon-Tanana Upland and implications for the origin of tectonic assemblages in east-central Alaska
Cynthia Dusel-Bacon, K.M. Cooper
1999, Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences (36) 1671-1695
We present major- and trace- element geochemical data for 27 amphibolites and six greenstones from three structural packages in the Yukon-Tanana Upland of east-central Alaska: the Lake George assemblage (LG) of Devono-Mississippian augen gneiss, quartz-mica schist, quartzite, and amphibolite; the Taylor Mountain assemblage (TM) of mafic schist and gneiss, marble,...
Stable isotope, chemical, and mineral compositions of the Middle Proterozoic Lijiaying Mn deposit, Shaanxi Province, China
Hsueh-Wen Yeh, James R. Hein, Jie Ye, Delian Fan
1999, Ore Geology Reviews (15) 55-69
The Lijiaying Mn deposit, located about 250 km southwest of Xian, is a high-quality ore characterized by low P and Fe contents and a mean Mn content of about 23%. The ore deposit occurs in shallow-water marine sedimentary rocks of probable Middle Proterozoic age. Carbonate minerals in the ore deposit...
Importance of microscopy in durability studies of solidified and stabilized contaminated soils
I. Klich, L.P. Wilding, L.R. Drees, E. R. Landa
1999, Soil Science Society of America Journal (63) 1274-1283
Solidification/stabilization (S/S) is recognized by the U.S. EPA as a best demonstrated available technology for the containment of contaminated soils and other hazardous wastes that cannot be destroyed by chemical, thermal, or biological means. Despite the increased use of S/S technologies, little research has been conducted on the weathering and...
Do mammalian nest predators follow human scent trails in the shortgrass prairie?
S. K. Skagen, T.R. Stanley, M.B. Dillon
1999, The Wilson Bulletin (111) 415-420
Nest predation, the major cause of nest failure in passerines, has exerted a strong influence on the evolution of life history traits of birds. Because human disturbance during nest monitoring may alter predation rates, we investigated whether human scent affected the survival of artificial ground nests in shortgrass prairie. Our...
Low-temperature alteration of dredged volcanics from the Southern Chile Ridge: Additional information about early stages of seafloor weathering
T. Pichler, W.I. Ridley, E. Nelson
1999, Marine Geology (159) 155-177
A suite of submarine volcanic rocks from the Southern Chile Ridge has been examined in order to investigate the early stages of low temperature alteration. Alteration in these samples proceeded as follows: (1) Fe-staining on sample surface and along fractures, (2) filling of vesicles with secondary material, (3) breakdown of...
Geology of the Upheaval Dome impact structure, southeast Utah
Bryan J. Kriens, Eugene M. Shoemaker, Kenneth E. Herkenhoff
1999, Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets (104) 18867-18887
Two vastly different phenomena, impact and salt diapirism, have been proposed for the origin of Upheaval Dome, a spectacular scenic feature in southeast Utah. Detailed geologic mapping and seismic refraction data indicate that the dome originated by collapse of a transient cavity formed by impact. Evidence is as follows: (1)...
Diffuse-flow hydrothermal field in an oceanic fracture zone setting, Northeast Pacific: Deposit composition
J.R. Hein, R.A. Koski, R.W. Embley, J. Reid, S.-W. Chang
1999, Exploration and Mining Geology (8) 299-322
This is the first reported occurrence of an active hydrothermal field in an oceanic fracture zone setting. The hydrothermal field occurs in a pull-apart basin within the Blanco Fracture Zone (BFZ), which has four distinct mineral deposit types: (1) barite mounds and chimneys, (2) barite stockwork breccia, (3) silica-barite beds,...
Metal emissions from Kilauea, and a suggested revision of the estimated worldwide metal output by quiescent degassing of volcanoes
T. K. Hinkley, P. J. Lamothe, S. A. Wilson, David L. Finnegan, T.M. Gerlach
1999, Earth and Planetary Science Letters (170) 315-325
Measurements of a large suite of metals (Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn and several others) and sulfur at Kilauea volcano over an extended period of time has yielded a detailed record of the atmospheric injection of ordinarily-rare metals from this quiescently degassing volcano, representative of an important type. We have combined...
Vocalizations of the Kittlitz's Murrelet
Thomas I. van Pelt, John F. Piatt, Gus B. Van Vliet
1999, Condor (101) 395-398
We present the first documentation of Kittlitz's Murrelet (Brachyramphus brevirostris) vocalizations, based on recordings made in Glacier Bay, Alaska, in 1994. We identified two apparently related types of calls: groan and quack. The Kittlitz's Murrelet calls were markedly different from the most common calls of the congeneric Marbled Murrelet (Brachyramphus...
Multiple stresses from a single agent: Diverse responses to the experimental acidification of Little Rock Lake, Wisconsin
T.M. Frost, P.K. Montz, T.K. Kratz, T. Badillo, P.L. Brezonik, M.J. Gonzalez, R.G. Rada, C.J. Watras, K.E. Webster, J.G. Wiener, C.E. Williamson, D.P. Morris
1999, Limnology and Oceanography (44) 784-794
A single stress, acidification with sulfuric acid, was applied to Little Rock Lake in a whole-ecosystem manipulation. We documented a wide range of responses to the acidification, including increases in the concentrations of various chemicals, shifts in microbial processes and a major increase in water clarity to UV-B radiation. Each...
Hypothesis of historical effects from selenium on endangered fish in the Colorado River basin
S. J. Hamilton
1999, Human and Ecological Risk Assessment (5) 1153-1180
Anthropogenic selenium contamination of aquatic ecosystems was first associated with cooling reservoirs of coal-fired power plants in the late 1970s, and later with drainage water from agricultural irrigation activities in the 1980s. In the 1990s, selenium contamination has been raised as a concern in the recovery of currently endangered fish...
Synchroneity of the K-T oceanic mass extinction and meteorite impact: Blake Nose, western North Atlantic
R.D. Norris, B.T. Huber, J. Self-Trail
1999, Geology (27) 419-422
A 10-cm-thick layer of green spherules occurs precisely at the biostratigraphic boundary between the Cretaceous and Paleogene (K-T boundary) at Ocean Drilling Program Site 1049 (lat 30°08′N, long 76°06′W). The spherulitic layer contains abundant rock fragments (chalk, limestone, dolomite, chert, mica books, and...
A geographic analysis of the status of mountain lions in Oklahoma
J.R. Pike, J.H. Shaw, David M. Leslie Jr., M.G. Shaw
1999, Wildlife Society Bulletin (27) 4-11
The geographic distribution of sightings and sign of mountain lions (Puma concolor) in Oklahoma was investigated. Mail survey questionnaires were sent to natural resource professionals throughout Oklahoma to gather temporal and spatial information on sightings of mountain lions from 1985 to 1995. We used a geographic information system (GIS) to...
Lanthanide, yttrium, and zirconium anomalies in the Fire Clay coal bed, Eastern Kentucky
J.C. Hower, L.F. Ruppert, C.F. Eble
1999, International Journal of Coal Geology (39) 141-153
The Fire Clay coal bed in the Central Appalachian basin region contains a laterally-persistent tonstein that is found in the coal throughout most of its areal extent. The tonstein contains an array of minerals, including sanidine, ??-quartz, anatase and euhedral zircon, thhat constitutes strong evidence for a volcanic origin of...
Ventifacts at the Pathfinder landing site
N.T. Bridges, R. Greeley, A. F. C. Haldemann, Kenneth E. Herkenhoff, M. Kraft, T. J. Parker, A. W. Ward
1999, Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets (104) 8595-8615
About half of the rocks at the Mars Pathfinder Ares Vallis landing site appear to be ventifacts, rocks abraded by windborne particles. Comparable resolution images taken by the Imager for Mars Pathfinder (IMP) camera and the Viking landers show that ventifacts are more abundant at the Pathfinder site. The ventifacts...
Tectonic and regional metamorphic implications of the discovery of Middle Ordovician conodonts in cover rocks east of the Green Mountain massif, Vermont
N. M. Ratcliffe, A. G. Harris, G. J. Walsh
1999, Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences (36) 371-382
Middle Ordovician (late Arenigian - early Caradocian) conodonts were recovered from a dolostone lens in carbonaceous schist 30 m below the base of the Pinney Hollow Formation in the Eastern Cover sequence near West Bridgewater, Vermont. These are the first reported fossils from the metamorphic cover sequence rocks east of...
Poisoning of raptors with organophosphorus and carbamate pesticides with emphasis on Canada, U.S. and U.K.
P. Mineau, M.R. Fletcher, L.C. Glaser, N. J. Thomas, C. Brassard, L. K. Wilson, J. E. Elliott, L.A. Lyon, Charles J. Henny, T. Bollinger, S.L. Porter
1999, Journal of Raptor Research (33) 1-37
We reviewed cases of raptor mortality resulting from cholinesterase-inhibiting pesticides. We compiled records from the U.S., U.K. and Canada for the period 1985-95 (520 incidents) and surveyed the relevant literature to identify the main routes of exposure and those products that led to the greatest number of poisoning cases. A...
Subsurface gas offshore of northern California and its link to submarine geomorphology
J.W. Yun, D.L. Orange, M.E. Field
1999, Marine Geology (154) 357-368
The northern California continental margin contains evidence of abundant subsurface gas and numerous seafloor features that suggest a causative link between gas expulsion and geomorphology. Analyses of seismic reflection, sidescan sonar, and high-resolution multibeam bathymetric data show that the occurrence of subbottom gas and the migration processes beneath the shelf...
