An integrated environmental assessment of the US mid-atlantic region
James D. Wickham, K. Bruce Jones, Kurt H. Riitters, Robert V. O’Neill, R.D. Tankersley, Elizabeth R. Smith, Anne Neale, D.J. Chaloud
1999, Environmental Management (24) 553-560
Many of today's environmental problems are regional in scope and their effects overlap and interact. We developed a simple method to provide an integrated assessment of environmental conditions and estimate cumulative impacts across a large region, by combining data on land-cover, population, roads, streams, air pollution, and topography. The integrated...
Seismic slope-performance analysis: from hazard map to decision support system
Scott B. Miles, David K. Keefer, Carlton L. Ho
1999, Technical Council on Lifeline Earthquake Engineering Monograph 71-80
In response to the growing recognition of engineers and decision-makers of the regional effects of earthquake-induced landslides, this paper presents a general approach to conducting seismic landslide zonation, based on the popular Newmark's sliding block analogy for modeling coherent landslides. Four existing models based on the sliding block analogy are...
Habitat associations of migrating and overwintering grassland birds in southern Texas
L.D. Igl, B.M. Ballard
1999, Condor (101) 771-782
We report on the habitat associations of 21 species of grassland birds overwintering in or migrating through southern Texas, during 1991-1992 and 1992-1993. Ninety percent of our grassland bird observations were made during winter and spring, and only 10% occurred during fall. Grassland species made up a high proportion of...
Emission of pesticides into the air
Berg F. Van Den F., R. Kubiak, W.G. Benjey, M.S. Majewski, S.R. Yates, G.L. Reeves, J.H. Smelt, A. M. A. Van Der Linden
1999, Conference Paper, Water, Air, and Soil Pollution
During and after the application of a pesticide in agriculture, a substantial fraction of the dosage may enter the atmosphere and be transported over varying distances downwind of the target. The rate and extent of the emission during application, predominantly as spray particle drift, depends primarily on the application method...
Exploring factors controlling the variability of pesticide concentrations in the Willamette River Basin using tree-based models
S.S. Qian, Chauncey W. Anderson
1999, Environmental Science & Technology (33) 3332-3340
We analyzed available concentration data of five commonly used herbicides and three pesticides collected from small streams in the Willamette River Basin in Oregon to identify factors that affect the variation of their concentrations in the area. The emphasis of this paper is the innovative use of classification and regression...
A siphon gage for monitoring surface-water levels
Timothy D. McCobb, Denis R. LeBlanc, Roy S. Socolow
1999, Journal of the American Water Resources Association (35) 1141-1146
A device that uses a siphon tube to establish a hydraulic connection between the bottom of an onshore standpipe and a point at the bottom of a water body was designed and tested for monitoring surface-water levels. Water is added to the standpipe to a level sufficient to drive a...
The growth-temperature relation of juvenile lake whitefish
Thomas A. Edsall
1999, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (128) 962-964
The lake whitefish Coregonus clupeaformis supports major commercial fisheries in Lakes Superior, Huron, and Michigan, where it is managed on a sustained-yield basis; it also supports a recreational hook-and-line fishery in some Great Lakes embayments and nearshore areas. To better understand habitat use by juvenile lake whitefish in the Great Lakes, we...
Identifying sources of heterogeneity in capture probabilities: An example using the Great Tit Parus major
J.C. Senar, M.J. Conroy, L.M. Carrascal, J. Domenech, I. Mozetich, F. Uribe
1999, Bird Study (46) S248-S252
Heterogeneous capture probabilities are a common problem in many capture-recapture studies. Several methods of detecting the presence of such heterogeneity are currently available, and stratification of data has been suggested as the standard method to avoid its effects. However, few studies have tried to identify sources of heterogeneity, or whether...
The EOS land validation core sites: background information and current status
J. Morisette, J.L. Privette, C. Justice, D. Olson, John L. Dwyer, P. Davis, D. Starr, D. Wickland
1999, The Earth Observer (11) 21-26
The EOS Land Validation Core Sites1 will provide the user community with timely ground, aircraft, and satellite data for EOS science and validation investigations. The sites, currently 24 distributed worldwide, represent a consensus among the instrument teams and validation investigators and represent a range of global biome types (see Figure...
Calculation of broadband time histories of ground motion: Comparison of methods and validation using strong-ground motion from the 1994 Northridge earthquake
S. Hartzell, S. Harmsen, A. Frankel, S. Larsen
1999, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (89) 1484-1504
This article compares techniques for calculating broadband time histories of ground motion in the near field of a finite fault by comparing synthetics with the strong-motion data set for the 1994 Northridge earthquake. Based on this comparison, a preferred methodology is presented. Ground-motion-simulation...
Observations of turbulence in a partially stratified estuary
M.T. Stagey, Stephen G. Monismith, J.R. Burau
1999, Journal of Physical Oceanography (29) 1950-1970
The authors present a field study of estuarine turbulence in which profiles of Reynolds stresses were directly measured using an ADCP throughout a 25-h tidal day. The dataset that is discussed quantifies turbulent mixing for a water column in northern San Francisco Bay that experiences a sequence of states that...
Occurrence and behavior of the herbicide Prometon in the hydrologic system
P. D. Capel, A.H. Spexet, S.J. Larson
1999, Environmental Science & Technology (33) 674-680
Prometon, a triazine herbicide, is used for total vegetation control on industrial sites, on noncrop areas on farms, in and under asphalt, and to a small extent by homeowners. Prometon has often been detected in surface water and groundwater in studies reported in the literature, but its presence is seldom...
Water-use patterns of woody species in pineland and hammock communities of South Florida
S.M.L. Ewe, Leonel da Silveira Lobo Sternberg, L. Sternberg, D.E. Busch
1999, Forest Ecology and Management (118) 139-148
Rockland pine forests of south Florida dominated by Pinus elliottii var. densa characteristically have poor soil development in relation to neighboring hardwood hammocks. This has led to the hypothesis that Everglades hammock trees are more reliant on soil moisture derived from local precipitation whereas pineland plants must depend more on...
Amount of gas hydrate estimated from compressional- and shear-wave velocities at the JAPEX/JNOC/GSC Mallik 2L-38 gas hydrate research well
Myung W. Lee
1999, Bulletin of the Geological Survey of Canada 313-322
The amount of in situ gas hydrate concentrated in the sediment pore space at the JAPEX/JNOC/GSC Mallik 2L-38 gas hydrate research well was estimated by using compressional-wave (P-wave) and shear-wave (S-wave) downhole log measurements. A weighted equation developed for relating the amount of gas hydrate concentrated in the pore space...
Fluid inclusion and vitrinite-reflectance geothermometry compared to heat-flow models of maximum paleotemperature next to dikes, western onshore Gippsland Basin, Australia
C.E. Barker, Y. Bone, M. D. Lewan
1999, International Journal of Coal Geology (37) 73-111
Nine basalt dikes, ranging from 6 cm to 40 m thick, intruding the Upper Jurassic–Lower Cretaceous Strzelecki Group, western onshore Gippsland Basin, were used to study maximum temperatures (Tmax) reached next...
The dependence of permeability on effective stress from flow tests at hot dry rock reservoirs at Rosemanowes (Cornwall) and Fenton Hill (New Mexico)
M. Nathenson
1999, Geothermics (28) 315-340
Effective stress is the primary control on permeability and thus on flow and water loss for two-well hot dry rock systems involving injection and production that have been tested to date. Theoretical relations are derived for the flow between an injector and producer, including the dependence of permeability on effective...
Upper Klamath Lake Basin nutrient-loading study: Assessment of historic flows in the Williamson and Sprague rivers
John C. Risley, Antonius Laenen
1999, Water-Resources Investigations Report 98-4198
The Williamson River Basin, located in south-central Oregon, has a drainage area of approximately 3,000 square miles. The Sprague River, which flows into the Williamson River Basin, has a drainage area of 1,580 square miles. Together, the Williamson and Sprague Rivers supply about one-half of the inflow to Upper Klamath...
A climatic record from 14C-dated wood fragments from southwestern Colorado
S. Epstein, X. Xu, P. Carrara
1999, Global Biogeochemical Cycles (13) 781-784
Deuterium concentrations in trees are related to the climatic temperature at which the trees grew. Deuterium analyses were made on all available (39) 14C-dated (all 14C dates cited are uncorrected) wood fragments collected from Lake Emma sediments. The 14C dates range from 9600 to 5400 'B.P.'. Tree line was above...
Interaction of tectonic and depositional processes that control the evolution of the Iberian Gulf of Cadiz margin
A. Maldonado, C.H. Nelson
1999, Marine Geology (155) 217-242
This study provides an integrated view of the growth patterns and factors that controlled the evolution of the Gulf of Cadiz continental margin based on studies of the tectonic, sedimentologic and oceanographic history of the area. Seven sedimentary regimes are identified, but there are more extensive descriptions of the late...
Connecting onshore and offshore near-surface geology: Delaware's sand inventory project
K.W. Ramsey, R.R. Jordan, J.H. Talley
1999, Marine Georesources and Geotechnology (17) 185
Beginning in 1988, the Delaware Geological Survey began a program to inventory on-land sand resources suitable for beach nourishment. The inventory included an assessment of the native beach textures using existing data and developing parameters of what would be considered suitable sand textures for Delaware's Atlantic beaches. An assessment of...
Environmental geology: Our professional public responsibility
L. C. Gerhard, L. L. Brady
1999, Environmental Geology (37) 1-8
Conflicts between different interest groups for use of natural resources is one area where state geological surveys can provide assistance. A state geological survey working within the scientific constraints of specific issues can remain objective in its presentations and maintain the faith of both the conflicting interest groups and the...
Digital photogrammetric analysis of the IMP camera images: Mapping the Mars Pathfinder landing site in three dimensions
Randolph L. Kirk, Elpitha Howington-Kraus, Trent M. Hare, E. Dorrer, D. Cook, Kris J. Becker, K. Thompson, B. Redding, J. Blue, D. Galuszka, E.M. Lee, Lisa R. Gaddis, J. R. Johnson, Laurence A. Soderblom, A. W. Ward, P. H. Smith, D.T. Britt
1999, Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets (104) 8869-8887
This paper describes our photogrammetric analysis of the Imager for Mars Pathfinder data, part of a broader program of mapping the Mars Pathfinder landing site in support of geoscience investigations. This analysis, carried out primarily with a commercial digital photogrammetric system, supported by our in‐house Integrated Software for Imagers and...
Stem demography and postfire recruitment of a resprouting serotinous conifer
Jon E. Keeley, Melanie B. Keeley, William J. Bond
1999, Journal of Vegetation Science (10) 69-76
The contribution of resprouts and seedling recruitment to post-fire regeneration of the South African fynbos conifer Widdringtonia nodiflora was compared eight months after wildfires in 1990. Stems on all trees were killed by fire but resprouting success was > 90 % at all but one site. A demographic study of...
Relating tumor score to hematology in green turtles with fibropapillomatosis in Hawaii
Thierry M. Work, George H. Balazs
1999, Journal of Wildlife Diseases (35) 804-807
The relationship between hematologic status and severity of tumor affliction in green turtles (Chelonia mydas) with fibropapillomatosis (FP) was examined. During 1 wk periods in July 1997 and July 1998, we bled 108 free-ranging green turtles from Pala'au (Molokai, Hawaii, USA) where FP is endemic. Blood was analyzed for hematocrit,...
Mercury concentration in coal — Unraveling the puzzle
B. Toole-O’Neil, S.J. Tewalt, R. B. Finkelman, D.J. Akers
1999, Fuel (78) 47-54
Based on data from the US Geological Survey's COALQUAL database, the mean concentration of mercury in coal is approximately 0.2 μg g−1. Assuming the database reflects in-ground US coal resources, values for conterminous US coal areas range from 0.08 μg g−1 for coal in the San Juan and Uinta regions to 0.22 μg g−1 for the Gulf Coast...
