Toward the use of remote sensing and other data to delineate functional types in terrestrial and aquatic systems
J. E. Estes, Thomas R. Loveland
A.F. Bouwman, editor(s)
1999, Book chapter, Approaches to scaling of trace gas fluxes in ecosystems
This chapter discusses the role that remotely sensed data play in improving the ability to document the distribution of global land cover types. If the relationships between the cover types and trace gas fluxes can be determined, then the dynamics of these fluxes can be established. The chapter discusses important...
Oil, gas field growth projections: Wishful thinking or reality?
E. D. Attanasi, R. F. Mast, D. H. Root
1999, Oil & Gas Journal (97)
The observed `field growth' for the period from 1992 through 1996 with the US Geological Survey's (USGS) predicted field growth for the same period are compared. Known field recovery of field size is defined as the sum of past cumulative field production and the field's proved reserves. Proved reserves are...
Decadal variations in the strength of ENSO teleconnections with precipitation in the western United States
G.J. McCabe, M. D. Dettinger
1999, International Journal of Climatology (19) 1399-1410
Changing patterns of correlations between the historical average June-November Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) and October-March precipitation totals for 84 climate divisions in the western US indicate a large amount of variability in SOI/precipitation relations on decadal time scales. Correlations of western US precipitation with SOI and other indices of tropical...
Global to local scale simulations of streamflow in the Merced, American, and Carson Rivers, Sierra Nevada, California
M. D. Dettinger, D.R. Cayan, K. Mo, A.E. Jeton
1999, Conference Paper
Atmospheric moisture transport and moisture budgets during winter (December-April) simulated by the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) regional spectral model (RSM) are examined and used to simulate streamflow variations in the Sierra Nevada. The RSM was nested in 2"-latitude x 2"-longitude NCEPreanalyzed atmospheric-data fields (as a surrogate for a...
Tritium and 14C concentrations in unsaturated-zone gases at test hole UZB-2, Amargosa Desert Research Site, 1994-98: A section in U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program: Proceedings of the technical meeting, Charleston, South Carolina, March 8-12, 1999: Volume 3 (Part C) (WRI 99-4018C)>
David E. Prudic, Robert G. Striegl, Richard W. Healy, Robert L. Michel, Herbert Haas
David W. Morganwalp, Herbert T. Buxton, editor(s)
1999, Report, U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program: Proceedings of the technical meeting, Charleston, South Carolina, March 8-12, 1999: Volume 3 (Part C) (WRI 99-4018C)
Tritium concentrations have been determined yearly since April 1994 from water-vapor samples collected at test hole UZB-2. The hole was drilled about 100 m (meters) south of the southwest corner of a commercial burial site for low-level radioactive wastes in September 1993. UZB-2 is equipped with ten 2.5-cm (centimeters) diameter...
Calculation and error analysis of a digital elevation model of Hofsjokull, Iceland, from SAR interferometry
Jonathan S. Barton, Dorothy K. Hall, Oddur Sigurdsson, Richard S. Williams Jr., Laurence C. Smith, James B. Garvin
Susan Taylor, Janet Hardy, editor(s)
1999, Conference Paper, Proceedings of the fifty-sixth annual Eastern snow conference
Two ascending European Space Agency (ESA) Earth Resources Satellites (ERS)-1/-2 tandem-mode, synthetic aperture radar (SAR) pairs are used to calculate the surface elevation of Hofsjokull, an ice cap in central Iceland. The motion component of the interferometric phase is calculated using the 30 arc-second resolution USGS GTOPO30 global digital elevation...
Isotopic composition of water in a deep unsaturated zone beside a radioactive-waste disposal area near Beatty, Nevada
David A. Stonestrom, David E. Prudic, Robert G. Striegl
David W. Morganwalp, Herbert T. Buxton, editor(s)
1999, Report, U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program: Proceedings of the technical meeting, Charleston, South Carolina, March 8-12, 1999: Volume 3 (Part C) (WRI 99-4018C)
The isotopic composition of water in deep unsaturated zones is of interest because it provides information relevant to hydrologic processes and contaminant migration. Profiles of oxygen-18 (18O), deuterium (D), and tritium (3H) from a 110-meter deep unsaturated zone, together with data on the isotopic composition of ground water...
Comparison of aerial survey procedures for estimating polar bear density: Results of pilot studies in northern Alaska
Lyman L. McDonald, Gerald W. Garner
Gerald W. Garner, Steven C. Amstrup, Jeffrey L. Laake, Bryan F.J. Manly, Lyman L. McDonald, Donna G. Robertson, editor(s)
1999, Conference Paper, Marine mammal survey and assessment methods
The U.S. Marine Mammal Protection Act (MMPA) and International Agreement on the Conservation of Polar Bears mandate that boundaries and sizes of polar bear (Ursus maritimus) populations be known so they can be managed at optimum sustainable levels. However, data to estimate polar bear numbers for the Chukchi/Bering Sea and...
Individual-based modelling as an integrative approach in theoretical and applied population dynamics and food web studies
Wolf M. Mooij, Donald L. DeAngelis
Han Olff, V. K. Brown, R. H. Drent, editor(s)
1999, Conference Paper, Herbivores : between plants and predators
No abstract available....
Geochemistry and hydromechanical interactions of fluids associated with the San Andreas fault system, California
Yousif K. Kharaka, James J. Thordsen, William C. Evans, B. Mack Kennedy
1999, Book chapter, Faults and subsurface fluid flow in the shallow crust
18O values establish that waters are predominantly of meteoric origin. The chemical compositions of water and gases are controlled mainly by the ambient rock types, and chemical geothermometry gives reservoir temperatures of 80-150 degrees C indicating shallow to moderate circulation depths of up to 6 km. However, compositions and isotope...
Individual-based models in ecology: An overview
Donald L. DeAngelis, D. M. Fleming, L.J. Gross, W.F. Wolff
James G. Sanderson, Larry D. Harris, editor(s)
1999, Book chapter, Landscape ecology: A top-down approach
No abstract available....
Modeling variability in replicated surveys at aggregation sites
Mark S. Udevitz
Gerald W. Garner, Steven C. Amstrup, Jeffrey L. Laake, Bryan F.J. Manly, Lyman L. McDonald, Donna G. Robertson, editor(s)
1999, Conference Paper, Marine mammal survey and assessment methods
Surveys of aggregation sites can provide unbiased estimates of annual trends in population size if the proportion of the population counted at these sites does not vary systematically among years. However, counts at these sites tend to be highly variable and resulting trend estimates typically have poor precision. I developed...
The use of modeling in restoration ecology: The Everglades case
Donald L. DeAngelis
1999, Conference Paper, Perspectives in ecology : a glance from the VII International Congress of Ecology, Florence 19-25 July 1998
No abstract available....
A first-order analysis of the potential role of CO2 fertilization to affect the global carbon budget: A comparison of four terrestrial biosphere models
D. W. Kicklighter, M. Bruno, S. Donges, G. Esser, Martin Heimann, J. Helfrich, F. Ift, F. Joos, J. Kaduk, G. H. Kohlmaier, A. D. McGuire, J. M. Melillo, R. Meyer, B. Moore III, A. Nadler, I. C. Prentice, W. Sauf, A. L. Schloss, S. Sitch, U. Wittenberg, G. Wurth
1999, Tellus, Series B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology (51) 343-366
We compared the simulated responses of net primary production, heterotrophic respiration, net ecosystem production and carbon storage in natural terrestrial ecosystems to historical (1765 to 1990) and projected (1990 to 2300) changes of atmospheric CO2 concentration of four terrestrial biosphere models: the Bern model, the Frankfurt Biosphere Model (FBM), the...
Tsunami generation by pyroclastic flow during the 3500-year B.P. caldera-forming eruption of Aniakchak Volcano, Alaska
Christopher F. Waythomas, Christina A. Neal
1999, Bulletin of Volcanology (60) 110-124
A discontinuous pumiceous sand, a few centimeters to tens of centimeters thick, is located up to 15 m above mean high tide within Holocene peat along the northern Bristol Bay coastline of Alaska. The bed consists of fine-to-coarse, poorly to moderately well-sorted, pumice-bearing sand near the top of a 2-m-thick peat...
Assessment and analysis of smolt condition in the Columbia River Basin, volume 1: Evaluation of the effect of a modified feeding strategy on growth and smoltification of summer steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) at Dworshak National Fish Hatchery
R. M. Schrock, R.E. Reagan, P.A. Petrusso, J. Coyle
1999, Report
Abstract not available...
Riparian restoration using physical manipulation and natural seedfall
G.T. Auble
1999, Conference Paper, Riparian ecosystem restoration in the Gila River Basin: Opportunities and constraints : Workshop proceedings, April 8-9, 1999, Tucson, AZ
In many arid landscapes, riparian sites are the only places wet enough to support trees. The vertical structure of trees and shrubs is critical to many riparian habitat and aesthetic values (Brinson et al. 1981). Thus, woody vegetation is often an important objective and success measure for riparian restoration....
Water-sediment controversy in setting environmental standards for selenium
Steven J. Hamilton, A. Dennis Lemly
1999, Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety (44) 227-235
A substantial amount of laboratory and field research on selenium effects to biota has been accomplished since the national water quality criterion was published for selenium in 1987. Many articles have documented adverse effects on biota at concentrations below the current chronic criterion of 5 μg/L. This commentary will present...
Geology of Unga Island and the northwestern part of Popof Island: Chapter 2 in A geological and geophysical study of the gold-silver vein system of Unga Island, Southwestern Alaska
James R. Riehle, Frederic H. Wilson, Nora B. Shew, Willis H. White
1999, Open-File Report 99-136-2
The first geologic map of Unga Island was published by Atwood (1911; scale 1:250,000), who correctly inferred the middle Tertiary age of the volcanic rocks and made the important distinction between the lava flows and the intrusive domes. Although Burk's (1964) reconnaissance map of the Alaska Peninsula (scale 1:250,000) has...
Modeling bird mortality associated with the M/V Citrus oil spill off St. Paul Island, Alaska
Paul L. Flint, Ada C. Fowler, Robert F. Rockwell
1999, Ecological Modelling (117) 261-267
We developed a model to estimate the number of bird carcasses that were likely deposited on the beaches of St. Paul Island, Alaska following the M/V Citrus oil spill in February 1996. Most of the islands beaches were searched on an irregular schedule, resulting in the recovery of 876 King...
Including long-term biological index performance in a multi-criteria Decision Support System
T. Waddle, Z. Bowen, K.D. Bovee
1999, Conference Paper, Preparing for the 21st century: proceedings of the 26th annual Water Resources Planning and Management Conference
A Decision Support System (DSS) was developed for the reservoirs operated by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation that incorporates biological resources in a palette of decision variables. A scoring technique was developed for the DSS to help to evaluate the long-term effects of proposed reservoir system operations on those variables....
Modelling removal mechanisms of Pb, Cu, Zn and Cd in acidic groundwater during the neutralization by ambient surface and ground waters
Anthony J. Paulson, Laurie S. Balistrieri
1999, Environmental Science & Technology (33) 3850-3856
Removal of Pb, Cu, Zn, and Cd during neutralization of acid rock drainage is examined using model simulations of field conditions and laboratory experiments involving mixing of natural drainage and surface waters or groundwaters. The simulations consider sorption onto hydrous Fe and Al oxides and particulate organic carbon, mineral precipitation,...
Decision analysis tools: use of the Legal-Institutional Analysis Model: Chapter 9
B. L. Lamb, N. Burkardt, D. Lybecker
1999, Book chapter, Handbook of global environmental policy and administration
No abstract available....
Geophagy by yellowstone grizzly bears
D.J. Mattson, G.I. Green, R. Swalley
1999, Ursus (11) 109-116
We documented 12 sites in the Yellowstone ecosystem where grizzly bears (Ursus arctos horribilis) had purposefully consumed soil (an activity known as geophagy). We also documented soil in numerous grizzly bear feces. Geophagy primarily occurred at sites barren of vegetation where surficial geology had been modified by geothermal activity. There...
Geochronologic and isotope studies of calcite and silica constraining Quaternary unsaturated- and saturated zone hydrologic flux at Yucca Mountain, Nevada, USA
James B. Paces, Zell E. Peterman, Leonid A. Neymark, Joseph F. Whelan, Brian D. Marshall
1999, Conference Paper, Use of hydrogeochemical information in testing groundwater flow models: Technical summary and proceedings of a workshop
Both unsaturated- and saturated-zone aqueous solutions are capable of precipitating secondary mineral deposits that document the history and origins of past water flux. Calcite and opal occur as thin coatings on open fractures and cavity floors within the thick unsaturated zone at Yucca Mountain. Outermost surfaces of calcite have 14C ages...
