Timing, distribution, and character of tephra fall from the 2005-2006 eruption of Augustine Volcano: Chaper 9 in The 2006 eruption of Augustine Volcano
Kristi L. Wallace, Christina A. Neal, Robert G. McGimsey
John A. Power, Michelle L. Coombs, Jeffrey T. Freymueller, editor(s)
2010, Professional Paper 1769-9
The 2005–6 eruption of Augustine Volcano produced tephra-fall deposits during each of four eruptive phases. Late in the precursory phase (December 2005), small phreatic explosions produced small-volume, localized, mostly nonjuvenile tephra. The greatest volume of tephra was produced during the explosive phase (January 11–28, 2006) when 13 discrete Vulcanian explosions...
Bicentennial of the 1811–1812 New Madrid earthquake sequence, December 2011–2012
Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey
2010, General Information Product 118
A series of earthquakes hit the New Madrid seismic zone of southeastern Missouri, northeastern Arkansas, and adjacent parts of Tennessee and Kentucky, in December 1811 to February 1812. Three earthquakes had a magnitude of 7.0 or greater. The first earthquake occurred December 16, 1811, at 2:15 a.m.; the second 9...
Integrated satellite observations of the 2006 eruption of Augustine Volcano: Chapter 20 in The 2006 eruption of Augustine Volcano, Alaska
John E. Bailey, Kenneson G. Dean, Jonathan Dehn, Peter W. Webley
John A. Power, Michelle L. Coombs, Jeffrey T. Freymueller, editor(s)
2010, Professional Paper 1769-20
Satellite observations played an important role in monitoring the 2006 eruption of Augustine Volcano. It represented the first opportunity for observers to use, in an operational setting, new Web-based tools and techniques developed by the Alaska Volcano Observatory remote sensing group. The 'Okmok Algorithm' was used to analyze thermal infrared...
Timing, distribution, and volume of proximal products of the 2006 eruption of Augustine Volcano: Chapter 8 in The 2006 eruption of Augustine Volcano, Alaska
Michelle L. Coombs, Katharine F. Bull, James W. Vallance, David J. Schneider, Evan E. Thoms, Rick L. Wessels, Robert G. McGimsey
John A. Power, Michelle L. Coombs, Jeffrey T. Freymueller, editor(s)
2010, Professional Paper 1769-8
During and after the 2006 eruption of Augustine Volcano, we compiled a geologic map and chronology of new lava and flowage deposits using observational flights, oblique and aerial photography, infrared imaging, satellite data, and field investigations. After approximately 6 months of precursory activity, the explosive phase of the eruption commenced...
Imaging observations of thermal emissions from Augustine Volcano using a small astronomical camera: Chapter 24 in The 2006 eruption of Augustine Volcano, Alaska
Davis D. Sentman, Stephen R. McNutt, Hans C. Stenbaek-Nielsen, Guy Tytgat, Nicole DeRoin
John A. Power, Michelle L. Coombs, Jeffrey T. Freymueller, editor(s)
2010, Professional Paper 1769-24
Long-exposure visible-light images of Augustine Volcano were obtained using a charge-coupled device (CCD) camera during several nights of the 2006 eruption. The camera was located 105 km away, at Homer, Alaska, yet showed persistent bright emissions from the north flank of the volcano corresponding to steam releases, pyroclastic flows, and...
Emission of SO2, CO2, and H2S from Augustine Volcano, 2002-2008: Chapter 26 in The 2006 eruption of Augustine Volcano, Alaska
Kenneth A. McGee, Michael P. Doukas, Robert G. McGimsey, Christina A. Neal, Rick L. Wessels
John A. Power, Michelle L. Coombs, Jeffrey T. Freymueller, editor(s)
2010, Professional Paper 1769-26
Airborne surveillance of gas emissions from Augustine Volcano and other Cook Inlet volcanoes began in 1990 to identify baseline emission levels during noneruptive conditions. Gas measurements at Augustine for SO2, CO2, and H2S showed essentially no evidence of anomalous degassing through spring 2005. Neither did a measurement on May 10,...
The 2006 eruption of Augustine Volcano - Combined analyses of thermal satellite data and reduced displacement: Chapter 23 in The 2006 eruption of Augustine Volcano, Alaska
Saskia M. van Manen, Jonathan Dehn, Michael E. West, Stephen Blake, David A. Rothery
John A. Power, Michelle L. Coombs, Jeffrey T. Freymueller, editor(s)
2010, Professional Paper 1769-23
Augustine Volcano erupted explosively after 20 years of quiescence on January 11, 2006, followed by approximately 2 months of dome building and lava extrusion. This is the best monitored eruption in Alaska to date; the diverse complementary datasets gathered enable an interdisciplinary interpretation of volcanic activity. An analysis of reduced...
Preliminary slope-stability analysis of Augustine Volcano: Chapter 14 in The 2006 eruption of Augustine Volcano, Alaska
Mark E. Reid, Dianne L. Brien, Christopher F. Waythomas
John A. Power, Michelle L. Coombs, Jeffrey T. Freymueller, editor(s)
2010, Professional Paper 1769-14
Augustine Volcano has been a prolific producer of large debris avalanches during the Holocene. Originating as landslides from the steep upper edifice, these avalanches typically slide into the surrounding ocean. At least one debris avalanche that occurred in 1883 during an eruption initiated a far-traveled tsunami. The possible occurrence of...
Geodetic constraints on magma movement and withdrawal during the 2006 eruption of Augustine Volcano: Chapter 17 in The 2006 eruption of Augustine Volcano, Alaska
Peter F. Cervelli, Thomas J. Fournier, Jeff T. Freymueller, John A. Power, Michael Lisowski, Benjamin A. Pauk
John A. Power, Michelle L. Coombs, Jeffrey T. Freymueller, editor(s)
2010, Professional Paper 1769-17
For the first time in the United States, a modern geodetic network of continuously recording Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers has measured a complete eruption cycle at a stratovolcano, Augustine Volcano in Alaska, from the earliest precursory unrest through the return to background quiescence. The on-island network consisted of five...
The Plate Boundary Observatory Permanent Global Positioning System Network on Augustine Volcano before and after the 2006 Eruption: Chapter 19 in The 2006 eruption of Augustine Volcano, Alaska
Benjamin A. Pauk, Michael Jackson, Karl Feaux, David Mencin, Kyle Bohnenstiehl
John A. Power, Michelle L. Coombs, Jeffrey T. Freymueller, editor(s)
2010, Professional Paper 1769-19
In September of 2004, UNAVCO and the National Science Foundation (NSF) funded EarthScope Plate Boundary Observatory (PBO) installed five permanent Continuous Global Positioning System (CGPS) stations on Augustine Volcano, supplementing one existing CGPS station operated by the Alaska Volcano Observatory. All six CGPS stations proved crucial to scientists for detecting...
Augustine Volcano - The influence of volatile components in magmas erupted A.D. 2006 to 2,100 years before present: Chapter 16 in The 2006 eruption of Augustine Volcano, Alaska
James D. Webster, Charlie Mandeville, Beth Goldoff, Michelle L. Coombs, Christine Tappen
John A. Power, Michelle L. Coombs, Jeffrey T. Freymueller, editor(s)
2010, Professional Paper 1769-16
The petrology and geochemistry of 2006 eruptive products of Augustine Volcano, Alaska, have been investigated through analyses of whole-rock samples, phenocrysts, silicate melt inclusions, and matrix glasses to constrain processes of magma evolution, eruption, and degassing. Particular attention was directed toward the concentrations and geochemical relationships involving the magmatic volatile...
Hazard information management, interagency coordination, and impacts of the 2005-2006 eruption of Augustine Volcano: Chapter 28 in The 2006 eruption of Augustine Volcano, Alaska
Christina A. Neal, Thomas L. Murray, John A. Power, Jennifer N. Adleman, Paul M. Whitmore, Jeffery M. Osiensky
John A. Power, Michelle L. Coombs, Jeffrey T. Freymueller, editor(s)
2010, Professional Paper 1769-28
Dissemination of volcano-hazard information in coordination with other Federal, State, and local agencies is a primary responsibility of the Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO). During the 2005-6 eruption of Augustine Volcano in Alaska, AVO used existing interagency relationships and written protocols to provide hazard guidance before, during, and after eruptive events....
Volcanic-ash dispersion modeling of the 2006 eruption of Augustine Volcano using the Puff model: Chapter 21 in The 2006 eruption of Augustine Volcano, Alaska
Peter W. Webley, Kenneson G. Dean, Jonathan Dehn Dehn Dehn, John E. Bailey, Rorik Peterson
John A. Power, Michelle L. Coombs, Jeffrey T. Freymueller, editor(s)
2010, Professional Paper 1769-21
Volcanic ash is one of the major potential hazards from volcanic eruptions. It can have both short-range effects from proximal ashfall and long range impacts from volcanic ash clouds. The timely tracking and understanding of recently emitted volcanic ash clouds is important, because they can cause severe damage to jet...
Public outreach and communications of the Alaska Volcano Observatory during the 2005-2006 eruption of Augustine Volcano: Chapter 27 in The 2006 eruption of Augustine Volcano, Alaska
Jennifer N. Adleman, Cheryl E. Cameron, Seth F. Snedigar, Christina A. Neal, Kristi L. Wallace
John A. Power, Michelle L. Coombs, Jeffrey T. Freymueller, editor(s)
2010, Professional Paper 1769-27
The 2005-6 eruption of Augustine Volcano in the Cook Inlet region, Alaska, greatly increased public desire for volcano hazard information, as this eruption was the most significant in Cook Inlet since 1992. In response to this heightened concern, the Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO) increased ongoing efforts to deliver specific eruption-focused...
Lightning and electrical activity during the 2006 eruption of Augustine Volcano: Chapter 25 in The 2006 eruption of Augustine Volcano, Alaska
Ronald J. Thomas, Stephen R. McNutt, Paul R. Krehbiel, William Rison, Grayden Aulich, Harald Edens, Guy Tytgat, Edward Clark
John A. Power, Michelle L. Coombs, Jeffrey T. Freymueller, editor(s)
2010, Professional Paper 1769-25
Lightning and other electrical activity were measured during the 2006 eruption of Augustine Volcano. We found two phases of the activity, the explosive phase corresponding to the explosive eruptions and the plume phase. We classified the lightning into three types, vent discharges, near-vent lightning, and plume lightning. Vent discharges are...
Surface deformation of Augustine Volcano, 1992-2005, from multiple-interferogram processing using a refined Small Baseline Subset (SBAS) Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) approach: Chapter 18 in The 2006 eruption of Augustine Volcano, Alaska
Chang-Wook Lee, Zhong Lu, Hyung-Sup Jung, Joong-Sun Won, Daniel Dzurisin
John A. Power, Michelle L. Coombs, Jeffrey T. Freymueller, editor(s)
2010, Professional Paper 1769-18
Augustine Volcano is an active stratovolcano located in southwestern Cook Inlet, about 280 kilometers southwest of Anchorage, Alaska. The volcano produced six significant explosive eruptions between 1812 and 1986. Augustine eruptions typically have an explosive onset followed by dome building. The most recent eruption began on January 11, 2006. We...
Remote telemetered and time-lapse cameras at Augustine Volcano: Chapter 12 in The 2006 eruption of Augustine Volcano, Alaska
John Paskievitch, Cyrus Read, Thomas Parker
John A. Power, Michelle L. Coombs, Jeffrey T. Freymueller, editor(s)
2010, Professional Paper 1769-12
Before and during the 2006 eruption of Augustine Volcano, the Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO) installed a network of telemetered and nontelemetered cameras in Homer, Alaska, and on Augustine Island. On December 1, 2005, a network camera was installed at the Homer Field Station, a University of Alaska Fairbanks Geophysical Institute...
Petrology and geochemistry of the 2006 eruption of Augustine Volcano: Chapter 15 in The 2006 eruption of Augustine Volcano, Alaska
Jessica F. Larsen, Christopher J. Nye, Michelle L. Coombs, Mariah Tilman, Pavel Izbekov, Cheryl Cameron
John A. Power, Michelle L. Coombs, Jeffrey T. Freymueller, editor(s)
2010, Professional Paper 1769-15
Deposits from the 2006 eruption of Augustine Volcano, Alaska, record a complex history of magma mixing before and during the eruption. The eruption produced five major lithologies: low-silica andesite scoria (LSAS; 56.5 to 58.7 weight percent SiO2), mostly during the initial explosive phase; high-silica andesite pumice (HSA; 62.2 to 63.3...
Ejecta and landslides from Augustine Volcano before 2006: Chapter 13 in The 2006 eruption of Augustine Volcano, Alaska
Richard B. Waitt
John A. Power, Michelle L. Coombs, Jeffrey T. Freymueller, editor(s)
2010, Professional Paper 1769-13
A late Wisconsin volcano erupted onto the JurassicCretaceous sedimentary bedrock of Augustine Island in lower Cook Inlet in Alaska. Olivine basalt interacting with water erupted explosively. Rhyolitic eruptive debris then swept down the south volcano flank while late Wisconsin glaciers from mountains on western mainland surrounded the island. Early to...
Pyroclastic flows, lahars, and mixed avalanches generated during the 2006 eruption of Augustine Volcano: Chapter 10 in The 2006 eruption of Augustine Volcano, Alaska
James W. Vallance, Katharine F. Bull, Michelle L. Coombs
John A. Power, Michelle L. Coombs, Jeffrey T. Freymueller, editor(s)
2010, Professional Paper 1769-10
Each of the three phases of the 2006 eruption at Augustine Volcano had a distinctive eruptive style and flowage deposits. From January 11 to 28, the explosive phase comprised short vulcanian eruptions that punctuated dome growth and produced volcanowide pyroclastic flows and more energetic hot currents whose mobility was influenced...
Characterizing pyroclastic-flow interactions with snow and water using environmental magnetism at Augustine Volcano: Chapter 11 in The 2006 eruption of Augustine Volcano, Alaska
James E. Beget
John A. Power, Michelle L. Coombs, Jeffrey T. Freymueller, editor(s)
2010, Professional Paper 1769-11
In-place measurements of environmental magnetic susceptibility of pyroclastic flows, surges and lahars emplaced during the 2006 eruption of Augustine Volcano show that primary volume magnetic susceptibilities of pyroclastic materials decreased where the flows encountered water and steam. The Rocky Point pyroclastic flow, the largest flow of the eruption sequence, encountered...
High-resolution satellite and airborne thermal infrared imaging of the 2006 eruption of Augustine Volcano: Chapter 22 in The 2006 eruption of Augustine Volcano, Alaska
Rick L. Wessels, Michelle L. Coombs, David J. Schneider, Jonathan Dehn, Michael S. Ramsey
John A. Power, Michelle L. Coombs, Jeffrey T. Freymueller, editor(s)
2010, Professional Paper 1769-22
Thermal infrared (TIR) images provided a timely pre- and syn-eruption record of summit changes, lava flow emplacement, and pyroclastic-flow-deposit distribution during the Alaska Volcano Observatory's (AVO) response to the 2006 eruption of Augustine Volcano. A series of images from both handheld and helicopter mounted forward looking infrared radiometers (FLIR) captured...
Re-analysis of Alaskan benchmark glacier mass-balance data using the index method
Ashely E. Van Beusekom, Shad R. O’Nell, Rod S. March, Louis C. Sass, Leif H. Cox
2010, Scientific Investigations Report 2010-5247
At Gulkana and Wolverine Glaciers, designated the Alaskan benchmark glaciers, we re-analyzed and re-computed the mass balance time series from 1966 to 2009 to accomplish our goal of making more robust time series. Each glacier's data record was analyzed with the same methods. For surface processes, we estimated missing information...
A parametric study of the January 2006 explosive eruptions of Augustine Volcano, using seismic, infrasonic, and lightning data: Chapter 4 in The 2006 eruption of Augustine Volcano, Alaska
Stephen R. McNutt, Guy Tytgat, Steven A. Estes, Scott D. Stihler
John A. Power, Michelle L. Coombs, Jeffrey T. Freymueller, editor(s)
2010, Professional Paper 1769-4
A series of 13 explosive eruptions occurred at Augustine Volcano, Alaska, from January 11–28, 2006. Each lasted 2.5 to 19 minutes and produced ash columns 3.8 to 13.5 km above mean sea level. We investigated various parameters to determine systematic trends, including durations, seismic amplitudes, frequency contents, signal characteristics, peak...
A two-step procedure for calculating earthquake hypocenters at Augustine Volcano: Chapter 7 in The 2006 Eruption of Augustine Volcano, Alaska
Douglas J. Lalla, John A. Power
John A. Power, Michelle L. Coombs, Jeffrey T. Freymueller, editor(s)
2010, Professional Paper 1769-7
This chapter describes a two-step technique for determining earthquake hypocenters at Augustine Volcano. The algorithm, which was originally developed in the mid-1970s, was designed both to overcome limitations in the standard earthquake-location programs available at the time and to take advantage of the detailed seismic-velocity information obtained at Augustine Volcano....
