Debris flows in Grand Canyon National Park: Peak discharges, flow transformations, and hydrographs
Theodore S. Melis, Robert Webb, Peter G. Griffiths
1997, Conference Paper, Proceedings of the 1997 1st international conference on debris-flow hazards mitigation: Mechanics, prediction, and assessment
Direct measurements of debris-flow hydrograph and flow behavior in remote drainage areas are rare. We infer hydrographs and flow behavior for recent debris flow in bedrock tributaries of the Colorado River from preserved stratigraphic relations, sedimentology and surface morphology of debris fans and evidence of flow-surface elevations. We propose that...
Sedimentary carbonate-hosted giant Bayan Obo REE-Fe-Nb ore deposit of Inner Mongolia, China; a cornerstone example for giant polymetallic ore deposits of hydrothermal origin
E. C. T. Chao, J.M. Back, J.A. Minkin, M. Tatsumoto, Wang Junwen, J. E. Conrad, E.H. McKee, Hou Zonglin, Meng Qingrun, Huang Shengguang
1997, Bulletin 2143
Detailed, integrative field and laboratory studies of the textures, structures, chemical characteristics, and isotopically determined ages and signatures of mineralization of the Bayan Obo deposit provided evidence for the origin and characteristics favorable for its formation and parameters necessary for defining giant polymetallic deposits of hydrothermal origin. Bayan Obo is...
An evaluation of the rust fungus Gymnoconia nitensas a potential biological control agent for alien Rubus species in Hawaii
D.E. Gardner, C.S. Hodges Jr., E. Killgore, R. C. Anderson
1997, Biological Control (10) 151-158
The rust fungus Gymnoconia nitens infects blackberry (Rubus argutus) systemically in regions of the continental United States, producing bright yellow–orange masses of spores on newly developing floricanes during springtime. In tests to determine the suitability of this rust as a biological control agent for R. penetransin Hawaii, a species now thought to be...
Effects of highway deicing chemicals on shallow unconsolidated aquifers in Ohio, interim report, 1988-93
A.L. Jones, B.N. Sroka
1997, Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4027
Effects of the application of highway deicing chemicals during winter months on ground- water quality are being studied by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Ohio Department of Transportation and the Federal Highway Administration. Eight sites throughout the State were selected along major undivided highways where drainage is...
Introgression and susceptibility to disease in a wild population of rainbow trout
K.P. Currens, A.R. Hemmingsen, R.A. French, D.V. Buchanan, C.B. Schreck, H.W. Li
1997, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (17) 1065-1078
We examined susceptibility of wild rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss from the Metolius River, a tributary of the Deschutes River, Oregon, to genetic introgression and cerato myxosis as a result of stocking nonnative hatchery rainbow trout. Ceratomyxa shasta, an enzootic myxosporean parasite that can be lethal to nonnative hatchery rainbow trout, might have been...
A comparison of wetland tree growth response to hydrologic regime in Louisiana and South Carolina
Bobby D. Keeland, William Conner, Rebecca R. Sharitz
1997, Forest Ecology and Management (90) 237-250
Numerous investigations have examined the growth of wetland tree species under a variety of hydrologic conditions. Most studies have compared flooded versus non-flooded conditions in greenhouses or in one to a few field sites near each other or within the same region. Comparisons of wetland tree growth among widely separated...
Food resource partitioning by nine sympatric darter species
E. van Snik Gray, J.M. Boltz, K.A. Kellogg, J. R. Stauffer Jr.
1997, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (126) 822-840
We compared the diets among members of the diverse darter community of French Creek, Pennsylvania, in relation to seasonal prey availability, feeding ontogeny, and sex. Prey taxa and size attributes were characterized for nine syntopic darter species; taxon, size, and availability of macroinvertebrate prey were also analyzed...
Evaluation of agricultural best-management practices in the Conestoga River headwaters, Pennsylvania: Effects of pipe-outlet terracing on quantity and quality of surface runoff and ground water in a small carbonate-rock basin near Churchtown, Pennsylvania, 1983-89
P. L. Lietman, L. C. Gustafson-Minnich, D. W. Hall
1997, Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4206
Terracing effects on surface-runoff and ground- water quantity and quality were investigated by the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Resources, during 1983-89 at a 23.1-acre agricultural site in Lancaster County, Pa., as part of the 1982 Rural Clean Water Program. The...
Multiscale sampling of plant diversity: Effects of minimum mapping unit size
Thomas J. Stohlgren, Geneva W. Chong, M. A. Kalkhan, L. D. Schell
1997, Ecological Applications (7) 1064-1074
Only a small portion of any landscape can be sampled for vascular plant diversity because of constraints of cost (salaries, travel time between sites, etc.). Often, the investigator decides to reduce the cost of creating a vegetation map by increasing the minimum mapping unit (MMU), and/or by reducing the number...
Kauai's endangered solitaires: Update on population status and distribution 1996
Michelle H. Reynolds, Thomas J. Snetsinger, Christina M. Herrmann
1997, Transactions of the Western Section of the Wildlife Society (33) 49-55
The puaioihi (Myadestes palmeri) and the kamao (M. myadestinus) are endangered solitaires endemic to Kauai in the Hawaiian Islands and now restricted to the Alakai Swamp. The puaiohi has been rare historically with population estimates declining since the first population surveys 1968-73. Puaiohi were believed to be on the verge...
Classification of mineral deposits into types using mineralogy with a probabilistic neural network
Donald A. Singer, Ryoichi Kouda
1997, Nonrenewable Resources (6) 27-32
In order to determine whether it is desirable to quantify mineral-deposit models further, a test of the ability of a probabilistic neural network to classify deposits into types based on mineralogy was conducted. Presence or absence of ore and alteration mineralogy in well-typed deposits were used to train the network....
Structure and kinematics of a complex impact crater, Upheaval Dome, southeast Utah
Bryan J. Kriens, Eugene Merle Shoemaker, Kenneth E. Herkenhoff
1997, Brigham Young University Geology Studies (42) 19-31
Two vastly different phenomena, impact and salt diapirism, have been proposed for the origin of Upheaval Dome, southeast Utah. Detailed geologic mapping, seismic refraction data, and the presence of shock metamorphosed rocks indicate that the dome originated by collapse of a transient cavity formed by impact. Evidence is: (1) the...
Habitat use by nesting and brood rearing northern pintails on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska
J. Barry Grand, Paul L. Flint, Patricia J. Heglund
1997, Journal of Wildlife Management (61) 1199-1207
We studied habitat use by nesting and brood-rearing northern pintails (Anas acuta) on the coastal Yukon-Kuskokwim (Y-K) Delta, 1991-93. We used a digital habitat map constructed from color infrared aerial photos to assign habitat types to nest and brood locations and estimate habitat availability. Sixty-nine percent of females nested on...
Apapane (Himatione sanguinea)
Steven G. Fancy, C. John Ralph
1997, Birds of North America No. 296
The 'Apapane is the most abundant species of Hawaiian honeycreeper and is perhaps best known for its wide-ranging flights in search of localized blooms of ō'hi'a (Metrosideros polymorpha) flowers, its primary food source. 'Apapane are common in mesic and wet forests above 1,000 m elevation on the islands of...
Epithermal mercury-antimony and gold-bearing vein lodes of southwestern Alaska
John E. Gray, Carol A. Gent, Lawrence W. Snee, Frederic H. Wilson
Richard J. Goldfarb, Lance D. Miller, editor(s)
1997, Book chapter, Mineral Deposits of Alaska (Economic Geology Monographs, volume 9)
Epithermal mineral deposits and occurrences of southwestern Alaska consist of Hg-Sb and gold- and sulfide-bearing vein lodes. Numerous Hg-Sb lodes are located throughout a region measuring several tens of thousands of square kilometers in and surrounding the Kuskokwim River basin in southwestern Alaska. The Hg-Sb lodes are hosted in sedimentary...
Spring prey use by double-crested cormorants on the Penobscot River, Maine, USA
B.F. Blackwell, W.B. Krohn, N.R. Dube, A.J. Godin
1997, Waterbirds (20) 77-86
We analyzed 2 sets of data for Double-crested Cormorant (Phalacrocorax auritus) stomach contents (including esophageal contents) that were collected from April through June of 1986-1988 (N = 580) and 1992-1993 (N = 200) on the Penobscot River, Maine. Our objectives were to examine temporal and spatial variation in the spring...
Quaternary history of sea ice and paleoclimate in the Amerasia basin, Arctic Ocean, as recorded in the cyclical strata of Northwind Ridge
R. L. Phillips, A. Grantz
1997, Geological Society of America Bulletin (109) 1101-1115
The 19 middle-early Pleistocene to Holocene bipartite lithostratigraphic cycles observed in high-resolution piston cores from Northwind Ridge in the Amerasia Basin of the Arctic Ocean, provide a detailed record of alternating glacial and interglacial climatic and oceanographic conditions and of correlative changes in the character and thickness of the sea-ice...
Inventory and monitoring of California Islands rare plant taxa. Technical Report to the Species at Risk Program, USGS-BRD, Channel Islands Field Station
A. Kathryn McEachern, D. Wilken, K. Chess
1997, Report
No abstract available at this time...
Petrography and geochemistry of selected lignite beds in the Gibbons Creek mine (Manning Formation, Jackson Group, Paleocene) of east-central Texas
Peter D. Warwick, Sharon S. Crowley, Leslie F. Ruppert, James Pontolillo
1997, International Journal of Coal Geology (34) 307-326
This study examined the petrographic and geochemical characteristics of two lignite beds (3500 and 4500 beds, Manning Formation, Jackson Group, Eocene) that are mined at the Gibbons Creek mine in east-central Texas. The purpose of the study was to identify the relations among sample ash yield, coal petrography, and trace-element...
Rare-earth metal prices in the USA ca. 1960 to 1994
J.B. Hedrick
1997, Journal of Alloys and Compounds (250) 471-481
Rare-earth metal prices were compiled from the late 1950s and early 1960s through 1994. Although commercial demand for rare-earth metals began in 1908, as the alloy mischmetal, commercial quantities of a wide range of individual rare-earth metals were not available until the late 1950s.The discovery of a large, high-grade rare-earth deposit...
Incorporation of rare earth elements in titanite: Stabilization of the A2/a dimorph by creation of antiphase boundaries
J.M. Hughes, E.S. Bloodaxe, J.M. Hanchar, E.E. Foord
1997, American Mineralogist (82) 512-516
The atomic arrangement of a natural rare-earth-rich titanite and two synthetic rare-earth-doped titanites have been refined in space group A2/a, and the atomic arrangement of an undoped P21/a synthetic titanite was also refined for comparison. Previous work has shown that titanite possesses a domain structure, with domains formed of like-displaced...
Loparite, a rare-earth ore (Ce, Na, Sr, Ca)(Ti, Nb, Ta, Fe+3)O3
J.B. Hedrick, S.P. Sinha, V.D. Kosynkin
1997, Journal of Alloys and Compounds (250) 467-470
The mineral loparite (Ce, NA, Sr, Ca)(Ti, Nb, Ta, Fe+3)O3 is the principal ore of the light-group rare-earth elements (LREE) in Russia. The complex oxide has a perovskite (ABO3) structure with coupled substitutions, polymorphism, defect chemistry and a tendency to become metamict. The A site generally contains weakly bonded, easily exchanged cations of...
Food of Flesh-footed shearwaters Puffinus carneipes associated with high-seas driftnets in the central North Pacific Ocean
Patrick J. Gould, Peggy H. Ostrom, William Walker
1997, Emu (97) 168-173
We examined digestive tract contents and stable nitrogen isotope ratios in breast muscles of Flesh-footed Shearwaters Puffinus carneipes associated with high-seas driftnet fisheries in the central North Pacific Ocean. Small fish, Lanternfish (Myctophidae) and Pacific Saury Cololabis saira, were the principal prey found in the digestive tracts. Pieces of unidentified...
Loparite, a rare-earth ore (Ce, Na, Sr, Ca)(Ti, Nb, Ta, Fe+3)O3
James B. Hedrick, Shyama P. Sinha, Valery D. Kosynkin
1997, Journal of Alloys and Compounds (250) 467-470
The mineral loparite (Ce, NA, Sr, Ca)(Ti, Nb, Ta, Fe+3)O3 is the principal ore of the light-group rare-earth elements (LREE) in Russia. The complex oxide has a perovskite (ABO3) structure with coupled substitutions, polymorphism, defect chemistry and a tendency to become metamict. The A site generally contains weakly bonded, easily...
The sandflat habitat: Scaling from experiments to conclusions
S.F. Thrush, R.D. Pridmore, R.G. Bell, V.J. Cummings, P.K. Dayton, R. Ford, J. Grant, M.O. Green, J.E. Hewitt, A.H. Hines, T.M. Hume, S.M. Lawrie, P. Legendre, B.H. McArdle, D. Morrisey, Davod C. Schneider, S.J. Turner, R. A. Walters, R.B. Whitlatch, M.R. Wilkinson
1997, Conference Paper, Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology
Ecological systems are characterised by spatial and temporal variations in the density of organisms and resources, and in the intensity of processes which affect them (e.g. Watt, 1947, Dayton, 1971, Addicot et al., 1987, Kolasa and Pickett, 1991 and Giller et al., 1994). This heterogeneity represents both a difficulty for...
