Phytoplankton bloom dynamics in coastal ecosystems: A review with some general lessons from sustained investigation of San Francisco Bay, California
James E. Cloern
1996, Reviews of Geophysics (34) 127-168
Phytoplankton blooms are prominent features of biological variability in shallow coastal ecosystems such as estuaries, lagoons, bays, and tidal rivers. Long-term observation and research in San Francisco Bay illustrates some patterns of phytoplankton spatial and temporal variability and the underlying mechanisms of this variability. Blooms are events of rapid production...
Water-quality, streamflow, and meteorological data for the Tualatin River Basin, Oregon, 1991-93
M. C. Doyle, J. M. Caldwell
1996, Open-File Report 96-173
Surface-water-quality data, ground-water-quality data, streamflow data, field measurements, aquatic-biology data, meteorological data, and quality-assurance data were collected in the Tualatin River Basin from 1991 to 1993 by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and the Unified Sewerage Agency of Washington County, Oregon (USA). The data from that study, which are part...
Progress report on daily flow-routing simulation for the Carson River, California and Nevada
G. W. Hess
1996, Open-File Report 96-211
A physically based flow-routing model using Hydrological Simulation Program-FORTRAN (HSPF) was constructed for modeling streamflow in the Carson River at daily time intervals as part of the Truckee-Carson Program of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). Daily streamflow data for water years 1978-92 for the mainstem river, tributaries, and irrigation ditches...
Circulation and effluent dilution modeling in Massachusetts Bay : model implementation, verification and results
Richard P. Signell, Harry L. Jenter, Alan F. Blumberg
1996, Open-File Report 96-15
A three-dimensional hydrodynamic model was developed as part of a cooperative U.S. Geological Survey/Massachusetts Water Resources Authority program to study contaminated sediment accumulation and transport in Massachusetts Bay. This report details the development of the model and assesses how well the model represents observed currents and water properties in the...
Imaging surface contacts: Power law contact distributions and contact stresses in quartz, calcite, glass and acrylic plastic
James H. Dieterich, B.D. Kilgore
1996, Tectonophysics (256) 219-239
A procedure has been developed to obtain microscope images of regions of contact between roughened surfaces of transparent materials, while the surfaces are subjected to static loads or undergoing frictional slip. Static loading experiments with quartz, calcite, soda-lime glass and acrylic plastic at normal stresses to 30 MPa yield power...
Contemporary channel-levee systems in active borderland basin plains, California Continental Borderland
J.R. Schwalbach, B. D. Edwards, D.S. Gorsline
1996, Sedimentary Geology (104) 53-72
Long-range large-scale side-scan (GLORIA) information, other seismic reflection profiling studies, and data from cores in the California Continental Borderland, have defined active levee-channel systems extending basinward from the lower fan of Hueneme-Mugu Submarine Fan, Redondo Submarine Fan, and Santa Cruz Canyon Fan in Santa Monica, San Pedro and Santa Cruz...
Observational constraints on earthquake source scaling: Understanding the limits in resolution
S. E. Hough
1996, Tectonophysics (261) 83-95
I examine the resolution of the type of stress drop estimates that have been used to place observational constraints on the scaling of earthquake source processes. I first show that apparent stress and Brune stress drop are equivalent to within a constant...
Mineral Resources Data System (MRDS)
G.T. Mason, R.E. Arndt
1996, Data Series 20
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) operates the Mineral Resources Data System (MRDS), a digital system that contained 111,955 records on Sept. 1, 1995. Records describe metallic and industrial commodity deposits, mines, prospects, and occurrences in the United States and selected other countries. These records have been created over the years...
Simulation analysis of the ground-water flow system in the Portland Basin, Oregon and Washington
David S. Morgan, William D. McFarland
1996, Water Supply Paper 2470-B
This report presents results derived from a numerical model of the ground-water flow system in the Portland Basin, Oregon and Washington, that was used to test and refine the conceptual understanding of the flow system, estimate the effects of past and future human-caused changes to ground-water recharge and discharge on...
Determination of atrazine and its major degradation products in soil pore water by solid-phase extraction, chemical derivatization, and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry
D.S. Carter
1996, Open-File Report 96-459
This report describes a method for the determination of atrazine, desethylatrazine, deisopropylatrazine, didealkylatrazine, and hydroxyatrazine from soil pore waters by use of solid-phase extractionfollowed by chemical derivatization and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. The analytes are isolated from the pore-water matrix byextraction onto a graphitized carbon-black cartridge. The cartridge...
Catalog of earthquake hypocenters for Augustine, Redoubt, Iliamna, and Mount Spurr volcanoes, Alaska: January 1, 1991 - December 31, 1993
Arthur D. Jolly, John A. Power, Scott D. Stihler, Lalitha N. Rao, Gail Davidson, John F. Paskievitch, Steve Estes, John C. Lahr
1996, Open-File Report 96-70
The Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO), a cooperative program of the U.S. Geological Survey, the Geophysical Institute of the University of Alaska, Fairbanks, and the Alaska Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys, has maintained a program of seismic monitoring at potentially active volcanoes in the Cook Inlet region since 1988. The...
Documentation of model input and output values for the simulation of the ground-water flow system in the Cretaceous-age Coastal Plain aquifers of South Carolina
B. G. Campbell, Marijke van Heeswijk
1996, Open-File Report 96-212
This report and the attached 3 1/2-inch diskette contain, in compressed format, the data sets for the model of ground-water flow in the Cretaceous-age Coastal Plain aquifers of South Carolina. The data sets can be uncompressed using a program provided with this report. The uncompressed files require approximately 3.7 megabytes...
Water and bed-material quality of selected streams and reservoirs in the Research Triangle area of North Carolina, 1988-94
C. J. Oblinger, M.W. Treece Jr.
1996, Water-Resources Investigations Report 95-4282
The Triangle Area Water Supply Monitoring Project was formed by a consortium of local governments and governmental agencies in cooperation with the U.S. Geological Survey to supplement existing data on conventional pollutants, nutrients, and metals to enable eventual determination of long-term trends; to examine spatial differences among water supplies within...
Geohydrology of stratified drift and streamflow in the Deerfield River basin, northwestern Massachusetts
P.J. Friesz
1996, Water-Resources Investigations Report 96-4115
This report presents the results of a study of the geohydrology of stratified drift and streamflow in the Deerfield River Basin, northwestern Massachusetts. Detailed hydrologic information is needed to plan for the optimal use of ground-water and surface-water resources and for development of new drinking-water supplies in the basin. Sources...
Verification of a one-dimensional, unsteady-flow model for the Fox River in Illinois
Audrey L. Ishii, Mary J. Turner
1996, Water Supply Paper 2477
The previously-calibrated application of the Full EQuations (FEQ) model of one-dimensional, unsteady flow to a 30.7-mile reach of the Fox River in northeastern Illinois was verified with discharge, stage, and dye-transport data collected during a 12-day period in October-November 1990. The period included unsteady flow induced by the operation of...
Simulation of wastewater effects on dissolved oxygen during low streamflow in the Red River of the North at Fargo, North Dakota, and Moorhead, Minnesota
Edwin A. Wesolowski
1996, Fact Sheet 235-96
Pursuant to Section 303(d) of the Clean Water Act, both North Dakota and Minnesota identified part of the Red River of the North (Red River) as water-quality limited. The states are required to determine the total maximum daily load (TMDL) that can be discharged to a water-quality limited reach from...
Evapotranspiration from successional vegetation in a deforested area of the Lake Wales Ridge, Florida
D. M. Sumner
1996, Water-Resources Investigations Report 96-4244
The suitability of three evapotranspiration models (Penman-Monteith, Penman, and a modified Priestley-Taylor) was evaluated at a site of successional vegetation in a deforested area of the Lake Wales Ridge, Florida. Eddy correlation measurements of evapotranspiration made during 22 approximately 1-day periods at a temporal resolution of 20 minutes from September...
Analysis of regional aquifers in the central Midwest of the United States in Kansas, Nebraska, and parts of Arkansas, Colorado, Missouri, New Mexico, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Texas, and Wyoming: Summary
Donald G. Jorgensen, J. O. Helgesen, D. C. Signor, R. B. Leonard, J. L. Imes, S. C. Christenson
1996, Professional Paper 1414-A
Large quantities of ground water are available for use from three regional aquifer systems in the central Midwest of the United States. Parts of the lowermost aquifer contain nearly immobile brine and may be hydrologically suitable for material storage or waste disposal. Results of numerical modeling and geochemical analyses confirm...
Simulated peak flows and water-surface profiles for Scott Creek near Sylva, North Carolina
B.F. Pope
1996, Water-Resources Investigations Report 96-4226
Peak flows were simulated for Scott Creek, just upstream from Sylva, in Jackson County, North Carolina, in order to provide Jackson County officials with information that can be used to improve preparation for and response to flash floods along the reach of Scott Creek that flows through Sylva. A U.S....
Simulation of the soil water balance of an undeveloped prairie in west-central Florida
W. R. Bidlake, P.F. Boetcher
1996, Water Supply Paper 2472
A one-dimensional numerical model was developed to simulate the soil water balance of a densely vegetated prairie site in west-central Florida. Transient simulations of the soil water balance were performed using field-measured soil and vegetation properties. Simulated and measured soil water content generally agreed to within 0.04; however, simulated water...
Effects of receiving-water quality and wastewater treatment on injury, survival, and regrowth of fecal-indicator bacteria and implications for assessment of recreational water quality
D.S. Francy, T.L. Hart, C.M. Virosteck
1996, Water-Resources Investigations Report 96-4199
Bacterial injury, survival, and regrowth were investigated by use of replicate flow-through incubation chambers placed in the Cuyahoga River or Lake Erie in the greater Cleveland metropolitan area during seven 4-day field studies. The chambers contained wastewater or combined-sewer-overflow (CSO) effluents treated three ways-unchlorinated, chlorinated, and dechlorinated. At timestep intervals,...
Physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of the Charlotte Harbor basin and estuarine system in southwestern Florida: A summary of the 1982-89 U.S. Geological Survey Charlotte Harbor assessment and other studies
Benjamin F. McPherson, Ronald L. Miller, Yvonne E. Stoker
1996, Water Supply Paper 2486
The Charlotte Harbor estuarine system, having a surface area of about 270 square miles, averages about 7 feet in depth and is connected to deep water of the Gulf of Mexico through several passes and inlets between barrier islands. Three major rivers flow into the estuary--the Peace, the Myakka, and...
Hydrogeologic conditions and simulation of ground-water flow in the Greater Orlando Metropolitan Area, East-Central Florida
L. C. Murray, K. J. Halford
1996, Water-Resources Investigations Report 96-4181
A finite-difference ground-water flow model was used to simulate the effects of both modern-day (1988) and projected 2010 ground-water withdrawals on the Floridan aquifer system in the greater Orlando metropolitan area. This area covers about 2,500 square miles and includes all of Orange and Seminole Counties and...
Summary of biological and contaminant investigations related to stream water quality and environmental setting in the Upper Colorado River basin, 1938-95
Jeffrey R. Deacon, Verlin C. Stephens
1996, Water-Resources Investigations Report 96-4172
As part of the U.S. Geological Survey's National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) program, an inventory of the biological and contaminant investigations for the Upper Colorado River Basin study unit was conducted. To enhance the sampling design for the biological component of the program, previous studies about the ecology of aquatic organisms...
A three-dimensional method-of-characteristics solute-transport model (MOC3D)
Leonard F. Konikow, D.J. Goode, G.Z. Hornberger
1996, Water-Resources Investigations Report 96-4267
This report presents a model, MOC3D, that simulates three-dimensional solute transport in flowing ground water. The model computes changes in concentration of a single dissolved chemical constituent over time that are caused by advective transport, hydrodynamic dispersion (including both mechanical dispersion and diffusion), mixing (or dilution) from fluid sources, and...
