Mission in the works promises precise global topographic data
T. Farr, D. Evans, H. Zebker, D. Harding, J. Bufton, T. Dixon, S. Vetrella, D.B. Gesch
1995, Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union (76) 225-229
Significant deficiencies in the quality of today's topographic data severely limit scientific applications. Very few available data sets meet the stringent requirements of 10–30 m for global digital topography and 5 m or better vertical accuracy, and existing satellite systems are unlikely to fulfill these requirements. The Joint Topographic Science...
Geoscience research databases for coastal Alabama ecosystem management
Richard L. Hummell
1995, Conference Paper, Coastal Zone: Proceedings of the Symposium on Coastal and Ocean Management
Effective management of complex coastal ecosystems necessitates access to scientific knowledge that can be acquired through a multidisciplinary approach involving Federal and State scientists that take advantage of agency expertise and resources for the benefit of all participants working toward a set of common research and management goals. Cooperative geostatic...
Depth to pre-Cenozoic basement in Southwest Nevada
V.E. Langenheim, D. A. Ponce
Hughes Howard R., editor(s)
1995, Conference Paper, High Level Radioactive Waste Management - Proceedings of the Annual International Conference
An iterative procedure based on gravity data, surface geology, and an estimated density-depth function was used to estimate the depth to pre-Cenozoic basement at Yucca Mountain and vicinity....
The Hengill geothermal area, Iceland: variation of temperature gradients deduced from the maximum depth of seismogenesis
G.R. Foulger
1995, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (65) 119-133
Given a uniform lithology and strain rate and a full seismic data set, the maximum depth of earthquakes may be viewed to a first order as an isotherm. These conditions are approached at the Hengill geothermal area, S. Iceland, a dominantly basaltic area. The temperature at which seismic failure ceases...
Validation of national land-cover characteristics data for regional water-quality assessment
Ronald B. Zelt, Jesslyn F. Brown, M.S. Kelley
1995, Geocarto International (10) 69-80
Land-cover information is used routinely to support the interpretation of water-quality data. The Prototype 1990 Conterminous US Land Cover Characteristics Data Set, developed primarily from Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) data, was made available to the US Geological Survey's National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program. The study described in this...
A comparison of avian hematozoan epizootiology in two California coastal scrub communities
Paul E. Super, Charles van Riper III
1995, Journal of Wildlife Diseases (31) 447-461
Passerine birds within two California (USA) coastal scrub ecosystems, an island and a mainland site, were examined for hematozoa from 1984 to 1990. Island birds had a significantly lower hematozoan prevalence than mainland birds. This prevalence difference can be related to a lack...
Tectonic implications of post-30 Ma Pacific and North American relative plate motions
R. G. Bohannon, T. Parsons
1995, Geological Society of America Bulletin (107) 937-959
The Pacific plate moved northwest relative to North America since 42 Ma. The rapid half rate of Pacific-Farallon spreading allowed the ridge to approach the continent at about 29 Ma. Extinct spreading ridges that occur offshore along 65% of the margin (Lonsdale, 1991)...
Digital photogrammetry at the U.S. Geological Survey
Clifford W. Greve
1995, Conference Paper, Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering
The U.S. Geological Survey is converting its primary map production and revision operations to use digital photogrammetric techniques. The primary source of data for these operations is the digital orthophoto quadrangle derived from National Aerial Photography Program images. These digital orthophotos are used on workstations that permit comparison of existing...
Diagenesis of Upper Carboniferous rocks in the Ouachita foreland shelf in mid-continent USA: an overview of widespread effects of a Variscan-equivalent orogeny
A.W. Walton, K.M. Wojcik, R.H. Goldstein, C.E. Barker
1995, Geologische Rundschau (84) 535-551
Diagenesis of Upper Carboniferous foreland shelf rocks in southeastern Kansas took place at temperatures as high as 100-150?? C at a depth of less than 2 km. High temperatures are the result of the long distance (hundreds of kilometers) advection of groundwater related to collisional orogeny in the Ouachita tectonic...
Impact of flooding on the densities of selected aquatic insects
A.C. Hendricks, L.D. Willis, C. Snyder
1995, Hydrobiologia (299) 241-247
Data from a four-year study of five aquatic insect species,Hydropsyche betteni, H. morosa, H. bronta, Isonychia bicolor, andEphoron leucon, were utilized to evaluate the impact of a 60-year flood and a few lesser floods. The survey began in August, 1984 and was terminated in October, 1987...
Census methodologies of Black-legged Kittiwakes in Glacier Bay National Park
Elizabeth Ross Hooge
Daniel R. Engstrom, editor(s)
1995, Conference Paper, Proceedings of the third Glacier Bay science symposium
Black-legged Kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla) have recently experienced widespread population declines and frequent colony failures throughout the North Pacific. At Glacier Bay National Park, the Margerie Glacier colony was censused visually in 1991 through 1993. In 1993 a new photographic census technique was also tested to assess its feasibility, accuracy, and...
Giant blocks in the South Kona landslide, Hawaii
J.G. Moore, W.B. Bryan, M.H. Beeson, W. R. Normark
1995, Geology (23) 125-128
A large field of blocky sea-floor hills, up to 10 km long and 500 m high, are gigantic slide blocks derived from the west flank of Mauna Loa volcano on the island of Hawaii. These megablocks are embedded in the toe of the...
GIS for mapping waterfowl density and distribution from aerial surveys
W.I. Butler, R.A. Stehn, G.R. Balogh
1995, Wildlife Society Bulletin (23) 140-147
We modified standard aerial survey data collection to obtain the geographic location for each waterfowl observation on surveys in Alaska during 1987-1993. Using transect navigation with CPS (global positioning system), data recording on continuously running tapes, and a computer data input program, we located observations with an average deviation along...
Using effort information with change-in-ratio data for population estimation
Mark S. Udevitz, Kenneth H. Pollock
1995, Biometrics (51) 471-481
Most change-in-ratio (CIR) methods for estimating fish and wildlife population sizes have been based only on assumptions about how encounter probabilities vary among population subclasses. When information on sampling effort is available, it is also possible to derive CIR estimators based on assumptions about how encounter probabilities vary over time....
Salmon escapement estimates into the Togiak River using sonar, Togiak National Wildlife Refuge, Alaska, 1987, 1988, and 1990
David B. Irving, James E. Finn, James P. Larson
1995, USFWS Alaska Fisheries Technical Report 31
We began a three year study in 1987 to test the feasibility of using sonar in the Togiak River to estimate salmon escapements. Current methods rely on periodic aerial surveys and a counting tower at river kilometer 97. Escapement estimates are not available until 10 to 14 days after the...
A device for simultaneously measuring nest attendance and nest temperature in waterfowl
Paul L. Flint, Margaret C. MacCluskie
1995, Journal of Field Ornithology (66) 515-521
Previous studies of waterfowl have measured nest attendance and nest temperature separately using a variety of methods. A device was developed that monitors nest attendance and temperature simultaneously. The device consists of an artificial egg with a microswitch that records nest attendance and a thermistor probe that records temperature. Data...
Mapping the response of riparian vegetation to possible flow reductions in the Snake River, Idaho
W. Carter Johnson, Mark D. Dixon, Robert W. Simons, Susan Jenson, Kevin Larson
1995, Geomorphology (13) 159-173
This study was initiated to determine the general effects of potential flow reductions in the middle Snake River (Swan Falls Dam downstream to the Idaho-Oregon border) on its riparian vegetation. Considerable water from the river is currently used to irrigate the adjacent Snake River Plain, and increased demand for water...
Evidence of Emperor Geese breeding in Russia and staging in Alaska
Joel A. Schmutz, Alexander V. Kondratyev
1995, The Auk (112) 1037-1038
Emperor Geese (Chen canagica) breed primarily on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska (Eisenhauer and Kirkpatrick 1977), but a small, poorly quantified proportion of the world's population is known to breed in the Russia Far East (Kistchinski 1976, 1988, Portenko 1981). Eisenhauer and Kirkpatrick (1977) stated that 80 to 90% of all...
Factors influencing the height of Hawaiian lava fountains: implications for the use of fountain height as an indicator of magma gas content
E.A. Parfitt, L. Wilson, C.A. Neal
1995, Bulletin of Volcanology (57) 440-450
The heights of lava fountains formed in Hawaiian-style eruptions are controlled by magma gas content, volume flux and the amounts of lava re-entrainment and gas bubble coalescence. Theoretical models of lava fountaining are used to analyse data on lava fountain height variations collected during the 1983–1986 Pu'u 'O'o vent...
Dicofol and DDT residues in lizard carcasses and bird eggs from Texas, Florida, and California
D.R. Clark, Edward L. Flickinger, Donald H. White, R. L. Hothem, A. A. Belisle
1995, Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology (54) 817-824
Dicofol is an organochlorine agricultural pesticide used to control mites. The principal commercial dicofol product is known as Kelthane TM. More than 70% of dicofol product (about 3 million Ib or 1.4 million kg) sold annually in the U.S. is applied in California, Arizona, Texas, and Florida. Florida citrus and...
Volume loss and mass balance for selected physicochemical constituents in Lake Pepin, upper Mississippi River, USA
William R. Maurer, Thomas O. Claflin, Ronald G. Rada, James T. Rogala
1995, Regulated Rivers: Research & Management (11) 175-184
Lake Pepin is a large, natural riverine lake in the upper Mississippi River downstream of the Twin Cities metropolitan area and the confluence with the Minnesota River, which are sources of suspended sediments and pollutants (nutrients and potentially toxic materials). The lake has a history of water quality problems and...
The active southwest margin of the Colorado Plateau: Uplift of mantle origin
T. Parsons, J. McCarthy
1995, Geological Society of America Bulletin (107) 139-147
During Cenozoic time, the Colorado Plateau was raised about 2 km above sea level. The most-recent and best-documented uplift of the plateau (∼1 km) has been concentrated at its southwest margin between 6 and 1 Ma, whereas the eastern Colorado Plateau may have...
Data on quantity and quality of water flowing in drainage systems of dry docks at Puget Sound Naval Shipyard, Bremerton, Washington, 1994
Edmund A. Prych
1995, Open-File Report 95-361
Data on the quantity and quality of ground water that drains into dry docks at the Puget Sound Naval Shipyard can be useful for planning environmental remediation work at the shipyard. Ground-water discharges into and total drain-water discharges from individual dry docks were computed from a single set of discharges...
Evolution of tholeiitic diabase sheet systems in the eastern United States: examples from the Culpeper Basin, Virginia-Maryland, and the Gettysburg Basin, Pennsylvania
Laurel G. Woodruff, A.J. Froelich, Harvey E. Belkin, D. Gottfried
1995, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (64) 143-169
High-TiO2, quartz-normative (HTQ) tholeiite sheets of Early Jurassic age have intruded mainly Late Triassic sedimentary rocks in several early Mesozoic basins in the eastern US. Field observations, petrographic study, geochemical analyses and stable isotope data from three HTQ sheet systems were used to develop a general model of magmatic differentiation...
The role of microcracking in shear-fracture propagation in granite
Diane E. Moore, D.A. Lockner
1995, Journal of Structural Geology (17) 95-114
Microcracking related to the formation of a laboratory shear fracture in a cylinder of Westerly granite has been investigated using image-analysis computer techniques. Well away from the fracture (farfield), the deformed granite has about twice the crack density (crack length per...
