Upper crustal densities derived from sea floor gravity measurements: Northern Juan De Fuca Ridge
Mark L. Holmes, H. Paul Johnson
1993, Geophysical Research Letters (20) 1871-1874
A transect of sea floor gravity stations has been analyzed to determine upper crustal densities on the Endeavour segment of the northern Juan de Fuca Ridge. Data were obtained using ALVIN along a corridor perpendicular to the axis of spreading, over crustal ages from 0 to 800,000 years. Calculated elevation...
The depth dependence of earthquake duration and implications for rupture mechanisms
J.E. Vidale, H. Houston
1993, Nature (365) 45-47
The duration of rupture is a fundamental characteristic of earthquakes, and is important for understanding the mechanics of faulting1,2. The complexity of the seismic source and the incoherence of the high-frequency seismic wavefield often inhibit the identification, location and timing of features in the later part of earthquake rupture. Here...
Quantitative analysis of Ostracoda and water masses around Japan: Application to Pliocene and Pleistocene paleoceanography
Noriyuki Ikeya, Thomas M. Cronin
1993, Micropaleontology (39) 263-281
An ostracode data base consisting of 273 samples from coretops and comprising 226 species was developed for the seas around the Japanese Islands to determine zoogeographic patterns and for application to Pliocene and Pleistocene paleoceanography in the area. Quantitative analyses of the 59 most common taxa between 0 and 300m...
The proposed EROSpace institute, a national center operated by space grant universities
Paul L. Smith, LaDell R. Swiden, Frederick A. Waltz
1993, Pecora 12 Symposium 550-552
The "EROSpace Institute" is a proposed visiting scientist program in associated with the U.S. Geological Survey's EROS Data Center (EDC). The Institute would be operated by a consortium of universities, possible drawn from NASA's Space Grant College and Fellowship Program consortia and the group of 17 capability-enhancement consortia, or...
Development of a graphical user interface for the global land information system (GLIS)
Susan R. Alstad, David A. Jackson
1993, Pecora 12 Symposium 489-489
The process of developing a Motif Graphical User Interface for the Global Land Information System (GLIS) involved incorporating user requirements, in-house visual and functional design requirements, and Open Software Foundation (OSF) Motif style guide standards. Motif user interface windows have been developed using the software to support Motif window...
Integration of environmental simulation models with satellite remote sensing and geographic information systems technologies: case studies
Louis T. Steyaert, Thomas R. Loveland, Jesslyn F. Brown, Bradley C. Reed
1993, Pecora 12 Symposium 407-417
Environmental modelers are testing and evaluating a prototype land cover characteristics database for the conterminous United States developed by the EROS Data Center of the U.S. Geological Survey and the University of Nebraska Center for Advanced Land Management Information Technologies. This database was developed from multi temporal, 1-kilometer advanced...
A temporal comparison of forest cover using digital earth science data and visualization techniques
John W. Jones
1993, Pecora 12 Symposium 301-309
Increased demands on forest resources and the recognition of old-growth forests as critical habitats and purifiers of the atmosphere have stimulated attention to forest harvest practices in the United States and worldwide. Visualization technology provides a means by which a history of forestry activities may be documented and presented...
Raster profile development for the spatial data transfer standard
John A. Szemraj
1993, Pecora 12 Symposium 267-272
The Spatial Data Transfer Standard (SDTS), recently approved as Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) Publication 173, is designed to transfer various types of spatial data. Implementing all of the standard's options at one time is impractical. Profiles, or limited subsets of the SDTS, are the mechanisms by which...
Processing techniques for global land 1-km AVHRR data
Jeffery C. Eidenshink, Daniel R. Steinwand, Charles E. Wivell, Douglas M. Hollaren, David Meyer
1993, Pecora 12 Symposium 214-222
The U.S. Geological Survey's (USGS) Earth Resources Observation Systems (EROS) Data Center (EDC) in cooperation with several international science organizations has developed techniques for processing daily Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) 1-km data of the entire global land surface. These techniques include orbital stitching, geometric rectification, radiometric calibration,...
Evolution of the caldera‐forming eruption at Crater Lake, Oregon, indicated by component analysis of lithic fragments
K. Suzuki-Kamata, H. Kamata, Charles R. Bacon
1993, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (98) 14059-14074
Crater Lake caldera (8 × 10 km), formed 6845 years B. P. (14C age) during the climactic eruption of the volcanic edifice known as Mount Mazama, is intermediate in size between small calderas associated with central vent eruptions and large calderas that have ring fracture vent systems. Our quantitative study...
Factors affecting the geochemistry of a thick, subbituminous coal bed in the Powder River Basin: Volcanic, detrital, and peat-forming processes
Sharon S. Crowley, Leslie F. Ruppert, Harvey E. Belkin, R.W. Stanton, T.A. Moore
1993, Organic Geochemistry (20) 843-853
The inorganic geochemistry and mineralogy of three cores from the Anderson-Dietz 1 coal bed, a 15.2-m-thick subbituminous coal bed in the Tongue River Member (Paleocene) of the Fort Union Formation, were examined (1) to determine if the cores could be correlated by geochemical composition alone over a total distance of...
Precise U‐Pb ages of Duluth Complex and related mafic intrusions, northeastern Minnesota: Geochronological insights to physical, petrogenetic, paleomagnetic, and tectonomagmatic processes associated with the 1.1 Ga Midcontinent Rift System
James B. Paces, James D. Miller Jr.
1993, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (98) 13997-14013
Precise resolution of the timing of igneous activity is crucial to understanding the dynamic processes associated with continental rifting. Mafic intrusive rocks constitute a major portion of the exposed 1100 Ma (Keweenawan) Midcontinent Rift system in northeastern Minnesota; however, prior to this study, geochronological data were insufficient to allow rigorous...
Effect of pH on bacteriophage transport through sandy soils
Takashi Kinoshita, Roger C. Bales, Kimberley M. Maguire, Charles P. Gerba
1993, Journal of Contaminant Hydrology (14) 55-70
Effects of pH and hydrophobicity on attachment and detachment of PRD-1 and MS-2 in three different sandy soils were investigated in a series of laboratory-column experiments. Concentrations of the lipid-containing phage PRD-1 decreased 3–4 orders of magnitude during passage through the 10–15-cm-long columns. Attachment of the lipid-containing phage PRD-1 was...
Estimating discharge of shallow groundwater by transpiration from greasewood in the Northern Great Basin
William D. Nichols
1993, Water Resources Research (29) 2771-2778
Evapotranspiration from bare soil and phreatophytes is a principal mechanism of groundwater discharge in arid and semiarid regions of the midwestern and western United States including the Great Basin. The imbalance between independent estimates of groundwater recharge from precipitation and of groundwater discharge based on estimates of groundwater evapotranspiration leads...
Sources of pollutants in Wisconsin stormwater
R.T. Bannerman, David W. Owens, R.B. Dodds, Nancy J. Hornewer
1993, Water Science and Technology (28) 241-259
Rainfall runoff samples were collected from streets, parking lots, roofs, driveways, and lawns. These five source areas are located in residential, commercial, and industrial land uses in Madison, Wisconsin. Solids, phosphorus, and heavy metals loads were determined for all the source areas using measured concentrations and runoff volumes estimated by...
Evaluating landsat thematic mapper derived vegetation indices for estimating above-ground biomass on semiarid rangelands
G.L. Anderson, J. D. Hanson, R. H. Haas
1993, Remote Sensing of Environment (45) 165-175
Ground data from the Central Plains Experimental Range in northeast Colorado and Landsat satellite images of that area acquired in August 1989, June 1990, and September 1990 were used to evaluate the level of association that can be expected from a univariate model relating spectrally derived vegetation indices (difference, ratio,...
Site response estimates in Salt Lake Valley, Utah, from borehole seismic velocities
R. A. Williams, K. W. King, John Tinsley
1993, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (83) 862-889
The general correlation of Salt Lake Valley sites located on soft, saturated unconsolidated silty and clayey deposits (that is, deposits with low S-wave velocity) with high seismic amplification at the ground surface motivated our investigation of the relationship between the P- and S-wave seismic velocity (Vp and Vs) of these units and their corresponding observed...
Mesoscale parameterization of heat fluxes due to landscape variability for use in general circulation models
R. A. Pielke, G. Dalu, T. J. Lee, H. Rodriguez, J. Eastman, Timothy G.F. Kittel
1993, Book, Exchange processes at the Land Surface for a Range of Space and Time Scales: Proceedings of the Yokohama Symposium
No abstract available....
Multivariate geostatistical analysis of ground-water contamination: A case history
Jonathan D. Istok, Jeffrey D. Smyth, Alan L. Flint
1993, Groundwater (31) 63-74
A case history is presented for the application of multivariate geostatistical methods to the problem of estimating pesticide concentrations in ground water from measured concentrations of nitrate and pesticide, when pesticide is under‐sampled. The shallow, poorly confined, sand and gravel aquifer underlying the lower Malheur River basin near Ontario, Oregon...
A technique for evaluating black-footed ferret habitat
Dean E. Biggins, Brian J. Miller, Louis R. Hanebury, Bob Oakleaf, Adrian H. Farmer, Ron Crete, Arnold Dood
1993, Book, Proceedings of the symposium on the management of prairie dog complexes for the reintroduction of the black-footed ferret
In this paper, we provide a model and step-by-step procedures for rating a prairie dog (Cynomys sp.) complex for the reintroduction of black-footed ferrets (Mustela nigripes). An important factor in the model is an estimate of the number of black-footed ferret families a prairie dog complex can support for a...
Effect of intrastorm isotopic heterogeneities of rainfall, soil water, and groundwater on runoff modeling
Carol Kendall, Jeffrey J. McDonnell
1993, Conference Paper, Hydrology of warm humid regions: Yokohama symposium, 1993, Tracers in hydrology
No abstract available....
Nests and nest sites of the San Miguel Island Song Sparrow
Michael D. Kern, Mark K. Sogge, Robert B. Kern, Charles van Riper III
1993, Journal of Field Ornithology (64) 367-381
Nests and nest sites of the San Miguel Island (SMI) Song Sparrow (Melospiza melodia micronyx) are described; nests are compared with those of 16 other races of Song Sparrows. Bush lupins (Lupinus albifrons), coyote brush (Baccharis pilularis) and golden bush (Haplopappus venetus) were the shrubs used most commonly as nest...
A pressure-packer system for conducting rising head tests in water table wells
Benjamin S. Levy, Lawrence J. Pannell, John P. Dadoly
1993, Journal of Hydrology (148) 189-202
The pressure system developed for fully-saturated well screens has been modified for conducting rising head tests in water table wells installed in highly permeable aquifers. The pressure system consists of a compressed air source and 1 inch diameter PVC piping with a packer attached at the end. The pressure system...
Laguna madre: Seagrass changes continue decades after salinity reduction
Millicent L. Quammen, Christopher P. Onuf
1993, Estuaries (16) 302-310
Vegetation maps of the lower Laguna Madre prepared from surveys conducted in 1965–1967, 1974–1976, and 1988 document a >330 km2 decrease in cover byHalodule wrightii, an increase of almost 190 km2 in other seagrass species, and an increase of 140 km2 in bare bottom. Loss in seagrass cover is confined to...
Well log-derived estimates of thermal conductivity in crystalline rocks penetrated by the 4-KM deep KTB Vorbohrung
D. Pribnow, Colin F. Williams, H. Burkhardt
1993, Geophysical Research Letters (20) 1155-1158
Well log measurements of compressional and shear velocity (Vp, Vs), density, and temperature from the 4 km-deep KTB Vorbohrung (pilot hole) were applied in a phonon conduction model for the thermal conductivity of a crystalline solid. The resulting conductivity estimates were compared with conductivities (kLAB) measured on the nearly continuous...
