Pesticide Toxicity Index: a tool for assessing potential toxicity of pesticide mixtures to freshwater aquatic organisms
Lisa H. Nowell, Julia E. Norman, Patrick W. Moran, Jeffrey D. Martin, Wesley W. Stone
2014, Science of the Total Environment (476-477) 144-157
Pesticide mixtures are common in streams with agricultural or urban influence in the watershed. The Pesticide Toxicity Index (PTI) is a screening tool to assess potential aquatic toxicity of complex pesticide mixtures by combining measures of pesticide exposure and acute toxicity in an additive toxic-unit model. The PTI is determined...
Behavioural cues surpass habitat factors in explaining prebreeding resource selection by a migratory diving duck
Shawn T. O’Neil, Jeffrey M. Warren, John Y. Takekawa, Susan E. W. De La Cruz, Kyle A. Cutting, Michael W. Parker, Julie L. Yee
2014, Animal Behaviour (90) 21-29
Prebreeding habitat selection in birds can often be explained in part by habitat characteristics. However, females may also select habitats on the basis of fidelity to areas of previous reproductive success or use by conspecifics. The relative influences of sociobehavioural attributes versus habitat characteristics in habitat selection has been primarily...
Why the 1964 Great Alaska Earthquake matters 50 years later
Michael E. West, Peter J. Haeussler, Natalia A. Ruppert, Jeffrey T. Freymueller, Alaska Seismic Hazards Safety Commission
2014, Seismological Research Letters (85) 245-251
Spring was returning to Alaska on Friday 27 March 1964. A two‐week cold snap had just ended, and people were getting ready for the Easter weekend. At 5:36 p.m., an earthquake initiated 12 km beneath Prince William Sound, near the eastern end of what is now recognized as the Alaska‐Aleutian subduction zone....
Hydrological effects of forest transpiration loss in bark beetle-impacted watersheds
Lindsay A. Bearup, Reed M. Maxwell, David W. Clow, John E. McCray
2014, Nature Climate Change (4) 481-486
The recent climate-exacerbated mountain pine beetle infestation in the Rocky Mountains of North America has resulted in tree death that is unprecedented in recorded history. The spatial and temporal heterogeneity inherent in insect infestation creates a complex and often unpredictable watershed response, influencing the primary storage and flow components of...
Multibeam sonar (DIDSON) assessment of American shad (Alosa sapidissima) approaching a hydroelectric dam
Ann B. Grote, Michael M. Bailey, Joseph D. Zydlewski, Joseph E. Hightower
2014, Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences (71) 545-558
We investigated the fish community approaching the Veazie Dam on the Penobscot River, Maine, prior to implementation of a major dam removal and river restoration project. Multibeam sonar (dual-frequency identification sonar, DIDSON) surveys were conducted continuously at the fishway entrance from May to July in 2011. A 5% subsample of...
Infiltration and runoff generation processes in fire-affected soils
John A. Moody, Brian A. Ebel
2014, Hydrological Processes (28) 3432-3453
Post-wildfire runoff was investigated by combining field measurements and modelling of infiltration into fire-affected soils to predict time-to-start of runoff and peak runoff rate at the plot scale (1 m2). Time series of soil-water content, rainfall and runoff were measured on a hillslope burned by the 2010 Fourmile Canyon Fire west...
Landsat-8: Science and product vision for terrestrial global change research
David P. Roy, M.A. Wulder, Thomas R. Loveland, C. E. Woodcock, R. G. Allen, M. C. Anderson, D. Helder, J. R. Irons, D.M. Johnson, R. Kennedy, T. A. Scambos, Crystal B. Schaaf, J. R. Schott, Y. Sheng, E. F. Vermote, A.S. Belward, R. Bindschadler, W.B. Cohen, F. Gao, J. D. Hipple, Patrick Hostert, J. Huntington, C.O. Justice, A. Kilic, Valeriy Kovalskyy, Z. P. Lee, Leo Lymburner, J. G. Masek, Joel McCorkel, Y. Shuai, R. Trezza, James Vogelmann, R.H. Wynne, Z. Zhu
2014, Remote Sensing of Environment (145) 154-172
Landsat 8, a NASA and USGS collaboration, acquires global moderate-resolution measurements of the Earth's terrestrial and polar regions in the visible, near-infrared, short wave, and thermal infrared. Landsat 8 extends the remarkable 40 year Landsat record and has enhanced capabilities including new spectral bands in the blue and cirrus cloud-detection portion...
Genetic structuring of northern myotis (Myotis septentrionalis) at multiple spatial scales
Joshua B. Johnson, James H. Roberts, Tim L. King, John W. Edwards, W. Mark Ford, David A. Ray
2014, Acta Theriologica (59) 223-231
Although groups of bats may be genetically distinguishable at large spatial scales, the effects of forest disturbances, particularly permanent land use conversions on fine-scale population structure and gene flow of summer aggregations of philopatric bat species are less clear. We genotyped and analyzed variation at 10 nuclear DNA microsatellite markers...
Biological effects of desert dust in respiratory epithelial cells and a murine model
Andrew J. Ghio, Suryanaren T. Kummarapurugu, Haiyan Tong, Joleen M. Soukup, Lisa A. Dailey, Elizabeth Boykin, M. Ian Gilmour, Peter Ingram, Victor L. Roggli, Harland L. Goldstein, Richard L. Reynolds
2014, Inhalation Toxicology (26) 299-309
As a result of the challenge of recent dust storms to public health, we tested the postulate that desert dust collected in the southwestern United States imparts a biological effect in respiratory epithelial cells and an animal model. Two samples of surface sediment were collected from separate dust sources in...
Beta-thymosin gene polymorphism associated with freshwater invasiveness of alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus)
Katarzyna Michalak, Sergiusz J. Czesny, John Epifanio, Randal J. Snyder, Eric T. Schultz, Jonathan P. Velotta, Stephen D. McCormick, Bonnie L. Brown, Graciela Santopietro, Pawel Michalak
2014, Journal of Experimental Zoology (321) 233-240
Predicting the success of a species’ colonization into a novel environment is routinely considered to be predicated on niche-space similarity and vacancy, as well as propagule pressure. The role genomic variation plays in colonization success (and the interaction with environment) may be suggested, but has not rigorously been documented. To...
Distinguishing seawater from geologic brine in saline coastal groundwater using radium-226; an example from the Sabkha of the UAE
Thomas F. Kraemer, Warren W. Wood, Ward E. Sanford
2014, Chemical Geology (371) 1-8
Sabkhat (Salt flats) are common geographic features of low-lying marine coastal areas that develop under hyper-arid climatic conditions. They are characterized by the presence of highly concentrated saline solutions and evaporitic minerals, and have been cited in the geologic literature as present-day representations of hyper-arid regional paleohydrogeology, paleoclimatology, coastal processes,...
Hyperspectral Remote Sensing of Vegetation and Agricultural Crops
Prasad S. Thenkabail, Murali Krishna Gumma, Pardhasaradhi G. Teluguntla, Mohammed Ilyas
2014, Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing (80) 697-709
No abstract available....
American shad migratory behavior, weight loss, survival, and abundance in a North Carolina River following dam removals
Joshua K. Raabe, Joseph E. Hightower
2014, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (143) 673-688
Despite extensive management and research, populations of American Shad Alosa sapidissima have experienced prolonged declines, and uncertainty about the underlying mechanisms causing these declines remains. In the springs of 2007 through 2010, we used a resistance board weir and PIT technology to capture, tag, and track American Shad in the Little River,...
Mummy Lake: An unroofed ceremonial structure within a large-scale ritual landscape
Larry V. Benson, Eleanor R. Griffin, J.R. Stein, R. A. Friedman, S. W. Andrae
2014, Journal of Archaeological Science (44) 164-179
The structure at Mesa Verde National Park known historically as Mummy Lake and more recently as Far View Reservoir is not part of a water collection, impoundment, or redistribution system. We offer an alternative explanation for the function of Mummy Lake. We suggest that it is an unroofed ceremonial structure,...
Snowshoe hares display limited phenotypic plasticity to mismatch in seasonal camouflage
Marketa Zimova, L. Scott Mills, Paul M. Lukacs, Michael S. Mitchell
2014, Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences (281)
As duration of snow cover decreases owing to climate change, species undergoing seasonal colour moults can become colour mismatched with their background. The immediate adaptive solution to this mismatch is phenotypic plasticity, either in phenology of seasonal colour moults or in behaviours that reduce mismatch or its consequences. We observed...
Identifying legal, ecological and governance obstacles and opportunities for adapting to climate change
Barbara Cosens, Lance Gunderson, Craig R. Allen, Melinda H. Benson
2014, Sustainability (6) 2338-2356
Current governance of regional scale water management systems in the United States has not placed them on a path toward sustainability, as conflict and gridlock characterize the social arena and ecosystem services continue to erode. Changing climate may continue this trajectory, but it also provides a catalyst for renewal of...
Little late Holocene strain accumulation and release on the Aleutian megathrust below the Shumagin Islands, Alaska
Robert C. Witter, Richard W. Briggs, Simon E. Engelhart, Guy R. Gelfenbaum, Richard D. Koehler, William D. Barnhart
2014, Geophysical Research Letters (41) 2359-2367
Can a predominantly creeping segment of a subduction zone generate a great (M > 8) earthquake? Despite Russian accounts of strong shaking and high tsunamis in 1788, geodetic observations above the Aleutian megathrust indicate creeping subduction across the Shumagin Islands segment, a well-known seismic gap. Seeking evidence for prehistoric great earthquakes, we...
Stream capture to form Red Pass, northern Soda Mountains, California
David M. Miller, Shannon A. Mahan
2014, Conference Paper, Not a drop left to drink
Red Pass, a narrow cut through the Soda Mountains important for prehistoric and early historic travelers, is quite young geologically. Its history of downcutting to capture streams west of the Soda Mountains, thereby draining much of eastern Fort Irwin, is told by the contrast in alluvial fan sediments on...
Mechanisms driving recruitment variability in fish: comparisons between the Laurentian Great Lakes and marine systems
Jeremy J. Pritt, Edward F. Roseman, Timothy P. O’Brien
2014, ICES Journal of Marine Science (71) 2252-2267
In his seminal work, Hjort (in Fluctuations in the great fisheries of Northern Europe. Conseil Parmanent International Pour L'Exploration De La Mar. Rapports et Proces-Verbaux, 20: 1–228, 1914) observed that fish population levels fluctuated widely, year-class strength was set early in life, and egg production by adults could not alone...
Biochar application to hardrock mine tailings: Soil quality, microbial activity, and toxic element sorption
Charlene N. Kelly, Christopher D. Peltz, Mark R. Stanton, David W. Rutherford, Colleen E. Rostad
2014, Applied Geochemistry (43) 35-48
Waste rock piles from historic mining activities remain unvegetated as a result of metal toxicity and high acidity. Biochar has been proposed as a low-cost remediation strategy to increase soil pH and reduce leaching of toxic elements, and improve plant establishment. In this laboratory column study, biochar made from beetle-killed...
The effects of atmospheric nitrogen deposition on terrestrial and freshwater biodiversity
Jill Baron, Mary C. Barber, Mark Adams, Julius I. Agboola, Edith B. Allen, William J. Bealey, Roland Bobbink, Maxim V. Bobrovsky, William D. Bowman, Cristina Branquinho, Mercedes M. C. Bustamente, Christopher L. Clark, Edward C. Cocking, Cristina Cruz, Eric A. Davidson, O. Tom Denmead, Teresa Dias, Nancy B. Dise, Alan Feest, James N. Galloway, Linda H. Geiser, Frank S. Gilliam, Ian J. Harrison, Larisa G. Khanina, Xiankai Lu, Esteban Manrique, Raul Ochoa-Hueso, Jean P. H. B. Ometto, Richard Payne, Thomas Scheuschner, Lucy J. Sheppard, Gavin L. Simpson, Y. V. Singh, Carly J. Stevens, Ian Strachan, Harald Sverdrup, Naoko Tokuchi, Hans van Dobben, Sarah Woodin
2014, Book chapter, Nitrogen deposition, critical loads and biodiversity
This chapter reports the findings of a Working Group on how atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition affects both terrestrial and freshwater biodiversity. Regional and global scale impacts on biodiversity are addressed, together with potential indicators. Key conclusions are that: the rates of loss in biodiversity are greatest at the lowest and...
Book Review: Wilson, E. O. 2013. Letters to a young scientist
David M. Leslie Jr.
2014, Journal of Mammalogy (95) 431-431
No abstract available.Book info: Wilson E. O. 2013. Letters to a young scientist . Liveright Publishing Corporation, W. W. Norton and Company, New York, 244 pp. ISBN 978-0-87140-377-3....
Measurements of slope currents and internal tides on the Continental Shelf and slope off Newport Beach, California
Kurt J. Rosenberger, Marlene A. Noble, Benjamin Norris
2014, Open-File Report 2014-1041
An array of seven moorings housing current meters and oceanographic sensors was deployed for 6 months at 5 sites on the Continental Shelf and slope off Newport Beach, California, from July 2011 to January 2012. Full water-column profiles of currents were acquired at all five sites, and a profile of...
Response and recovery lessons from the 2010-2011 earthquake sequence in Canterbury, New Zealand
Mark Pierepiekarz, David Johnston, Kelvin Berryman, John Hare, Joan S. Gomberg, Robert A. Williams, Craig S. Weaver
2014, Book, Christchurch Earthquakes Workshop
The impacts and opportunities that result when low-probability moderate earthquakes strike an urban area similar to many throughout the US were vividly conveyed in a one-day workshop in which social and Earth scientists, public officials, engineers, and an emergency manager shared their experiences of the earthquake sequence that struck the...
Recolonization of the intertidal and shallow subtidal community following the 2008 eruption of Alaska’s Kasatochi Volcano
S.C. Jewett, Gary S. Drew
2014, Biogeosciences Discussions (11) 3799-3836
The intertidal and nearshore benthic communities of Kasatochi Island are described following a catastrophic volcanic eruption in 2008. Prior to the eruption, the island was surrounded by a dense bed of canopy-forming dragon kelp Eualaria fistulosa which supported a productive nearshore community. The eruption extended the coastline of the island...
