Pliocene-climate history of the western United States derived from lacustrine ostracodes
R. M. Forester
1991, Quaternary Science Reviews (10) 133-146
Pliocene sediments from several sites in western North America contain ostracodes indicating deposition in lacustrine and wetland settings. The ostracodes offer a means of reconstructing the aquatic paleoenvironment. Because water temperature, chemistry, and lake volume are coupled to climate, reconstruction of these parameters provides a direct insight into Pliocene climate....
Pliocene sea surface temperatures of the North Atlantic Ocean at 3.0 Ma
H.J. Dowsett, R.Z. Poore
1991, Quaternary Science Reviews (10) 189-204
Sea-surface temperature (SST) estimates based on quantitative analysis of planktic foraminifer faunas in North Atlantic deep sea cores suggest that high-frequency, low-amplitude variability related to orbital forcing was superimposed on long-term changes that delineate intervals within the Pliocene that were both warmer and cooler than today. SST estimates from several...
The temperature dependence of ponded infiltration under isothermal conditions
J. Constantz, F. Murphy
1991, Journal of Hydrology (122) 119-128
A simple temperature-sensitive modification to the Green and Ampt infiltration equation is described; this assumes that the temperature dependence of the hydraulic conductivity is reciprocally equal to the temperature dependence of the viscosity of liquid water, and that both the transmission zone saturation and the wetting front matric potential gradient...
A comparison of short-term measurements of lake evaporation using eddy correlation and energy budget methods
D.I. Stannard, D.O. Rosenberry
1991, Journal of Hydrology (122) 15-22
Concurrent short-term measurements of evaporation from a shallow lake, using eddy correlation and energy budget methods, indicate that sensible and latent heat flux between lake and atmosphere, and energy storage in the lake, may vary considerably across the lake. Measuring net radiation with a net radiometer on the lake appeared...
Text to accompany slides/photographs of Lower Cretaceous pollen and spores in sediments from the Muirkirk clay pit (Prince Georges County, MD)
Eleanora I. Robbins
1991, Open-File Report 91-642
The pollen and spores found in clay beds at the Muirkirk clay pit are those of ferns and lycopods, seed ferns, shrubby conifers, bald cypress-type conifers, and tree-sized conifers. Some of the ferns and conifers have modern representatives which help interpret the vegetation of this site that bears Early...
Hydrology of the Texas Gulf Coast aquifer systems
Paul D. Ryder, Ann F. Ardis
1991, Open-File Report 91-64
A complex, multilayered ground-water flow system exists in the Coastal Plain sediments of Texas. The Tertiary and Quaternary clastic deposits have an areal extent of 114,000 square miles onshore and in the Gulf of Mexico. Two distinct aquifer systems are recognized within the sediments, which range in thickness from a...
Gold deposits related to greenstone belts in Brazil; deposit modeling workshop; Part A, excursions
Charles H. Thorman, Eduardo A. Ladeira, Diane C. Schnabel
1991, Bulletin 1980-A
Documentation of a computer program to simulate aquifer-system compaction using the modular finite-difference ground-water flow model
S. A. Leake, David E. Prudic
1991, Techniques of Water-Resources Investigations 06-A2
Removal of ground water by pumping from aquifers may result in compaction of compressible fine-grained beds that are within or adjacent to the aquifers. Compaction of the sediments and resulting land subsidence may be permanent if the head declines result in vertical stresses beyond the previous maximum stress. The process...
An Axisymmetric finite-difference flow model to simulate drawdown in and around a pumped well
A. T. Rutledge
1991, Water-Resources Investigations Report 90-4098
Hydrology, water quality, and simulation of ground-water flow at a taconite-tailings basin near Keewatin, Minnesota
C. F. Myette
1991, Water-Resources Investigations Report 88-4230
Taconite tailings, a waste product from processing of iron ore, have been deposited in a 2.5-square-mile containment basin near Keewatin, Minnesota, The basin, which is bounded by earthen dikes of compacted drift and clayey bouldery till, contains saturated tailings consisting of chert and other silica-rich particles that range from clay...
Marion Peak quadrangle, Fresno County, California— Analytic data
James Gregory Moore
1991, Bulletin 1986
The Marion Peak 15-minute quadrangle includes about 620 km2 on the west slope of the Sierra Nevada in Fresno County, California, between 36°45' and 37°00' N. latitude and 118°30' and 118°45 W. longitude. This report supplements the geologic map of the Marion Peak quadrangle by providing modal and chemical analyses...
Surficial geologic map of the Steamboat Springs 30' x 60' quadrangle, Grand, Jackson, and Routt counties, Colorado
R.F. Madole
1991, IMAP 1825
This map is one of a series of four 30' x 60' surficial geologic maps (1:100,000 scale) intended to provide basic geologic information for planning for energy resource development and growth in northwestern Colorado. An effort is made to characterize all surficial materials, regardless of origin. Hence, residuum is given...
Economic effects of western Federal land-use restrictions on U.S. coal markets
William Downing Watson, A.L. Medlin, K.K. Krohn, D.S. Brookshire, R. L. Bernknopf
1991, Circular 1042
Current regulations on land use in the Western United States affect access to surface minable coal resources. This U.S. Geological Survey study analyzes the long-term effects of Federal land-use restrictions on the national cost of meeting future coal demands. The analysis covers 45 years. The U.S. Bureau of Land Management...
Water-resources investigations in Pennsylvania; programs and activities of the U.S. Geological Survey, 1990-91
L.O. McLanahan
1991, Open-File Report 91-214
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) was established by an act of Congress on March 3, 1879, to provide a permanent Federal agency to conduct the systematic and scientific 'classification of the public lands, and examination of the geological structure, mineral resources, and products of national domain'. Since 1879, the research...
Listings of model input values for the simulation of ground-water flow in the San Andres-Glorieta aquifer in the Acoma Embayment and eastern Zuni Uplift, west-central New Mexico
Peter F. Frenzel
1991, Open-File Report 91-236
Flood characteristics of Mississippi streams
M. N. Landers, K.V. Wilson Jr.
1991, Water-Resources Investigations Report 91-4037
Flood magnitudes for selected recurrence intervals from 2 to 500 years were determined for 330 gaged sites in the study area where annual peak-flow records have been collected. The principal study area is Mississippi; however, selected data collected in adjoining States on streams draining into or from Mississippi are also...
How to construct four paper models that describe island coral reefs
Tau Rho Alpha
1991, Open-File Report 91-131-A
Cenozoic giant pectinids from California and the Tertiary Caribbean Province: Lyropecten, "Macrochlamis," Vertipecten, and Nodipecten species
Judith Terry Smith
1991, Professional Paper 1391
Tertiary pectinids recognized for more than 125 years by field geologists can now be used to date and correlate 3-4 m.y. increments of the geologic record and to determine faunal distributions in relation to tectonic terranes. Fossil pectinids are commonly preserved in shallowmarine clastic deposits that mostly lack microfossils. The...
Simulation of effects of ground-water development on water-levels in glacial-drift aquifers in the Brooten-Belgrade area, west-central Minnesota
G. N. Delin
1991, Water-Resources Investigations Report 88-4193
Ground-water flow in the confined- and unconfined-drift aquifers in the Brooten-Belgrade area of west-central Minnesota was simulated with a three-dimensional finite-difference ground-water-flow model. Model results indicate that about 96 percent of the total inflow to the modeled area is from precipitation. Discounting evapotranspiration, 63 percent of the total outflow is...
Concepts and Modeling in Ground-Water Hydrology - A Self-Paced Training Course
O.L. Franke, G.D. Bennett, T. E. Reilly, R. L. Laney, H. T. Buxton, R. J. Sun
1991, Open-File Report 90-707
Ground-squirrel mounds and related patterned ground along the San Andreas Fault in Central California
Robert E. Wallace
1991, Open-File Report 91-149
Extensive areas of mound topography and related patterned ground, apparently derived from the mounds of the California Ground Squirrel (Spermophilus beecheyi beecheyi), are in central California. The relation of patterned ground to the San Andreas fault west of Bakersfield may provide insight into the timing of deformation along the fault...
Hydrogeology and simulation of ground-water flow in the Rochester area, southeastern Minnesota, 1987-88
G. N. Delin
1991, Water-Resources Investigations Report 90-4081
Ground-water flow in the St. Peter-Prairie du Chien-Jordan aquifer was studied in a 700 square-mile area surrounding Rochester, Minnesota. The aquifer consisting of sandstone, limestone, and dolomite is locally confined by the Decorah-Platteville-Glenwood sequence of shales and limestones. Regional flow in the aquifer is from a ground-water divide on the...
A steady-state unsaturated-zone model to simulate pesticide transport
A. T. Rutledge, J. O. Helgesen
1991, Water-Resources Investigations Report 90-4164
No abstract available....
Geochemistry of ground water in alluvial basins of Arizona and adjacent parts of Nevada, New Mexico, and California
Frederick N. Robertson
1991, Professional Paper 1406-C
Chemical and isotope analyses of ground water from 28 basins in the Basin and Range physiographic province of Arizona and parts of adjacent States were used to evaluate ground-water quality, determine processes that control ground-water chemistry, provide independent insight into the hydrologic flow system, and develop information transfer. The area...
How to construct four paper models that describe island coral reefs
Tau Rho Alpha
1991, Open-File Report 91-131-B
