Impact origin of the Avak Structure, Arctic Alaska, and genesis of the Barrow gas fields
C.E. Kirschner, Arthur Grantz, M. W. Mullen
1992, American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin (76) 651-679
Geophysical and subsurface geologic data suggest that the Avak structure, which underlies the Arctic Coastal Plain 12 km southeast of Barrow, Alaska, is a hypervelocity meteorite or comet impact structure. The structure is a roughly circular area of uplifted, chaotically deformed Upper Triassic to Lower Cretaceous sedimentary rocks 8 km...
Comparison of three newton-like nonlinear least-squares methods for estimating parameters of ground-water flow models
R.L. Cooley, M. C. Hill
1992, Conference Paper, Finite Elements in Water Resources, Proceedings of the International Conference
Three methods of solving nonlinear least-squares problems were compared for robustness and efficiency using a series of hypothetical and field problems. A modified Gauss-Newton/full Newton hybrid method (MGN/FN) and an analogous method for which part of the Hessian matrix was replaced by a quasi-Newton approximation (MGN/QN) solved some of the...
Power of sign surveys to monitor population trend
Katherine C. Kendall, Lee H. Metzgar, David A. Patterson, Brian M. Steele
1992, Ecological Applications (2) 422-430
The urgent need for an effective monitoring scheme for grizzly bear (Ursus arctos) populations led us to investigate the effort required to detect changes in populations of low—density dispersed animals, using sign (mainly scats and tracks) they leave on trails. We surveyed trails in Glacier National Park for bear tracks...
Molecular and genetic characterization of cytochrome oxidase negative Aeromonas salmonicida isolated from coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch)
J.D. Teska, R. C. Cipriano, W. B. Schill
1992, Journal of Wildlife Diseases (28) 515-520
Cytochrome oxidase variants of the bacterial fish pathogen, Aeromonas salmonicida, were characterized for genetic and molecular homology with cytochrome oxidase-positive isolates that typically induce furunculosis in salmonids. Protein and lipopolysaccharide moieties of the cytochrome oxidase-negative variants were similar to their typical counterparts, based on...
The biogeochemical cycling of trace metals in the water column of Lake Sammamish, Washington: Response to seasonally anoxic conditions
Laurie S. Balistrieri, J.W. Murray, B. Paul
1992, Limnology and Oceanography (37) 529-548
Total acid‐soluble and dissolved Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn concentrations in the water column of a seasonally anoxic lake (Lake Sammamish, Washington) were measured on a monthly basis during the course of a year. These data, in conjunction with Fe, Mn, sulfide, and nutrient...
Use of D-C resistivity to map saline ground water
Christina L. Stamos, Steven K. Predmore, Adel A. R. Zohdy
1992, Book, Irrigation and Drainage: Saving a Threatened Resource - In Search of Solutions, Proceedings of the Irrigation and Drainage Sessions at Water Forum '92
It has been estimated in previous studies that 23 square miles of the Oxnard aquifer, a member of a multi-layered aquifer system beneath the Oxnard plain in Ventura County, California, has been contaminated as a result of seawater intrusion. To investigate this and other potential sources of saline water, a...
Development of spatial data guidelines and standards: spatial data set documentation to support hydrologic analysis in the U.S. Geological Survey
James L. Fulton
1992, Conference Paper, ASTM Special Technical Publication
Spatial data analysis has become an integral component in many surface and sub-surface hydrologic investigations within the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). Currently, one of the largest costs in applying spatial data analysis is the cost of developing the needed spatial data. Therefore, guidelines and standards are required for the development...
Geothermal gas compositions in yellowstone National Park, USA
D.S. Sheppard, A.H. Truesdell, C. J. Janik
1992, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (51) 79-93
Gas samples collected between 1974 and 1986 have been analysed for the ten major components. Samples have been collected almost exclusively from the tops of pools, which has degraded the value of the data, and limited inter-comparisons to the relatively insoluble components, Ar, N2, CH4, H2 and He. A general...
The structure, dynamics, and chemical composition of noneruptive plumes from Mount St. Helens, 1980-1988
K.A. McGee
1992, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (51) 269-282
From May 1980 to September 1988, more than 1000 fixed-wing aircraft flights were made with a correlation spectrometer to measure the sulfur dioxide flux from Mount St. Helens volcano. These flights also provided valuable data on the structure and dynamics of noneruptive plumes emanating from Mount St. Helens. During 1980...
A 3D, finite element model for baroclinic circulation on the Vancouver Island continental shelf
R. A. Walters, M.G.G. Foreman
1992, Journal of Marine Systems (3) 507-518
This paper describes the development and application of a 3-dimensional model of the barotropic and baroclinic circulation on the continental shelf west of Vancouver Island, Canada. A previous study with a 2D barotropic model and field data revealed that several tidal constituents have a significant baroclinic component (the K1 in...
Strong-motion data
C. Mueller
1992, Earthquakes & Volcanoes (USGS) (23) 124-126
The April 25, 1992, mainshock (M=7.) near Petrolia and the two largest afterschokcs (M=6.6 and M=6.7) were recorded by networks of strong-motion accelerographs operated by the U.S Geological Survey (USGS) and the State of California Strong-Motion Instrumentation Program (CSMIP). The map on the next page shows the locations of USGS...
The October 1992 Parkfield, California, earthquake prediction
J. Langbein
1992, Earthquakes & Volcanoes (USGS) (23) 160-169
A magnitude 4.7 earthquake occurred near Parkfield, California, on October 20, 992, at 05:28 UTC (October 19 at 10:28 p.m. local or Pacific Daylight Time).This moderate shock, interpreted as the potential foreshock of a damaging earthquake on the San Andreas fault, triggered long-standing federal, state and local government plans to...
Functional response and capture timing in an individual-based model: predation by northern squawfish (Ptychocheilus oregonensis) on juvenile salmonids in the Columbia River
James H. Petersen, Donald L. DeAngelis
1992, Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences (49) 2551-2565
The behavior of individual northern squawfish (Ptychocheilus oregonensis) preying on juvenile salmonids was modeled to address questions about capture rate and the timing of prey captures (random versus contagious). Prey density, predator weight, prey weight, temperature, and diel feeding pattern were first incorporated into predation equations analogous to Holling Type...
Monitoring rangeland dynamics in Senegal with advanced very high resolution radiometer data
G. Gray Tappan, Dean J. Tyler, M. E. Wehde, Donald G. Moore
1992, Geocarto International (7) 87-98
Time‐series Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) data, computed from Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer data, are being used by regional and national programs in the African Sahel to monitor seasonal rangeland conditions. The data are often used as indicators of grazing conditions and drought. However, distinguishing rangelands from other vegetation...
Bluegill growth as modified by plant density: an exploration of underlying mechanisms
Jacqueline F. Savino, Elizabeth A. Marschall, Roy A. Stein
1992, Oecologia (89) 153-160
Bluegill (Lepomis macrochira) growth varies inconsistently with plant density. In laboratory and field experiments, we explored mechanisms underlying bluegill growth as a function of plant and invertebrate density. In the laboratory, bluegills captured more chironomids (Chironomus riparius) than damselflies (Enallagma spp. and Ischnura spp.), but energy intake per...
Analysis of geomagnetic secular variation during 1980-1985 and 1985- 1990, and geomagnetic models proposed for the 1991 revision of the International Geomagnetic Reference Field
N.W. Peddie
1992, Journal of Geomagnetism & Geoelectricity (44) 735-743
The secular variation of the main geomagnetic field during the periods 1980-1985 and 1985-1990 was analyzed in terms of spherical harmonics up to the eighth degree and order. Data from worldwide magnetic observatories and the Navy's Project MAGNET aerial surveys were used. The resulting pair of secular-variation models...
Residence times in river basins as determined by analysis of long-term tritium records
R. L. Michel
1992, Journal of Hydrology (130) 367-378
The US Geological Survey has maintained a network of stations to collect samples for the measurement of tritium concentrations in precipitation and streamflow since the early 1960s. Tritium data from outflow waters of river basins draining 4500–75000 km2 are used to determine average residence times of water within the basins. The...
Rhenium-osmium isotope systematics in meteorites I: Magmatic iron meteorite groups IIAB and IIIAB
J. W. Morgan, R.J. Walker, J. N. Grossman
1992, Earth and Planetary Science Letters (108) 191-202
Using resonance ionization mass spectrometry (RIMS), Re and Os abundances were determined by isotope dilution (ID) and 187Os/186Os ratios measured in nineteen iron meteorites: eight from group IIAB, ten from group IIIAB, and Treysa (IIIB anomalous). Abundances range from 1.4 to 4800...
Flooding mortality and habitat renewal for least terns and piping plovers
John G. Sidle, D.E. Carlson, E.M. Kirsch, J.J. Dinan
1992, Colonial Waterbirds (15) 132-136
We observed extensive mortality (eggs and chicks) of the endangered interior population of the Least Tern (Sterna antillarum) and threatened Piping Plover (Charadrius melodus) caused by natural flooding during the 1990 breeding season along the Platte River, Nebraska USA. Aerial videography of the Platte River before and after the flood...
40Ar/39Ar dating of Quaternary feldspar: Examples from the Taupo Volcanic Zone, New Zealand
M. S. Pringle, M. McWilliams, Bruce F. Houghton, M. A. Lanphere, C. J. N. Wilson
1992, Geology (20) 531-534
Using a continuous laser and resistance furnace, we have measured ages on Quaternary plagioclase with an absolute precision of about ±30 ka and on Quaternary sanidine with a relative precision of better than 1%. Such precision was achieved by using low-temperature heating steps to remove much of the nonradiogenic argon...
U-Pb dating of uranium deposits in collapse breccia pipes of the Grand Canyon region
K.R. Ludwig, K. R. Simmons
1992, Economic Geology (87) 1747-1765
Two major periods of uranium mineralization are indicated by U-Pb isotope dating of uranium ores from collapse breeeia pipes in the Grand Canyon region, northern Arizona. The Hack 2 and 3, Kanab North, and EZ 1 and 2 orebodies apparently formed in the interval of 200 + or - 20...
Survey of non-charter boat recreational fishing in the U.S. Virgin Islands
Cecil A. Jennings
1992, Bulletin of Marine Science (50) 342-351
A telephone survey was conducted by the U.S. Virgin Islands Division of Fish and Wildlife from July- September 1986 to evaluate the efficacy of telephone surveys as a sampling technique for obtaining reliable fisheries data, and to collect fisheries data for the recreational non-charter boat fishery around the Virgin...
Methanogenic degradation kinetics of phenolic compounds in aquifer-derived microcosms
E.M. Godsy, D.F. Goerlitz, D. Grbic-Galic
1992, Biodegradation (2) 211-221
In this segment of a larger multidisciplinary study of the movement and fate of creosote derived compounds in a sand-and-gravel aquifer, we present evidence that the methanogenic degradation of the major biodegradable phenolic compounds and concomitant microbial growth in batch microcosms derived from contaminated aquifer material can be described...
New look at regional flood-frequency relations for arid lands
H. W. Hjalmarson, B. E. Thomas
1992, Journal of Hydraulic Engineering (118) 868-886
A new method is proposed that combines records for several streamflow-gaging stations, as in the station-year approach, and produces regional flood-frequency relations using an iterative regression technique. This technique eliminates the need to extrapolate the flood-frequency relation to the flood probability of interest. The resulting multiparameter regional flood-frequency relation is...
Two-dimensional circulation modeling of the Pamlico River estuary, North Carolina
G. L. Giese, Jerad Bales
1992, Conference Paper
A two dimensional, vertically averaged, unsteady flow model was applied to a 50- kilometer reach of the Pamlico River estuary, North Carolina. The model computational grid, which consists of about 16,000 square cells, each 200 meters on a side, was developed from more than one million depth soundings. Information from...
