Nationwide regression models for predicting urban runoff water quality at unmonitored sites
Gary D. Tasker, N. E. Driver
1988, Water Resources Bulletin (24) 1091-1101
Regression models are presented that can be used to estimate mean loads for chemical oxygen demand, suspended solids, dissolved solids, total nitrogen, total ammonia plus nitrogen, total phosphorous, dissolved phosphorous, total copper, total lead, and total zinc at unmonitored sites in urban areas. Explanatory variables include drainage area, imperviousness of...
Statistical methods for investigating quiescence and other temporal seismicity patterns
M.V. Matthews, P.A. Reasenberg
1988, Pure and Applied Geophysics PAGEOPH (126) 357-372
We propose a statistical model and a technique for objective recognition of one of the most commonly cited seismicity patterns:microearthquake quiescence. We use a Poisson process model for seismicity and define a process with quiescence as one with a particular type of piece-wise constant intensity function. From this model, we...
Fluid inclusions in vadose cement with consistent vapor to liquid ratios, Pleistocene Miami Limestone, southeastern Florida
C.E. Barker, R. B. Halley
1988, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (52) 1019-1025
Vadose cements in the Late Pleistocene Miami Limestone contain regions with two-phase aqueous fluid inclusions that have consistent vapor to liquid (V-L) ratios. When heated, these seemingly primary inclusions homogenize to a liquid phase in a range between 75°C and 130°C (mean = 100°C) and have final melting temperatures between...
Variation of depth to the brittle-ductile transition due to cooling of a midcrustal intrusion
M. E. Gettings
1988, Geophysical Research Letters (15) 213-216
The depth to the brittle-ductile transition in the crust is often defined by the intersection of a shear resistance relation in the brittle upper crust that increases linearly with depth and a power law relation for ductile flow in the lower crust that depends strongly on...
Seismic stratigraphy of the Mississippi-Alabama shelf and upper continental slope
J. L. Kindinger
1988, Marine Geology (83) 79-94
The Mississippi-Alabama shelf and upper continental slope contain relatively thin Upper Pleistocene and Holocene deposits. Five stages of shelf evolution can be identified from the early Wisconsinan to present. The stages were controlled by glacioeustatic or relative sea-level changes and are...
Semianalytical computation of path lines for finite-difference models
D.W. Pollock
1988, Ground Water (26) 743-750
A semianalytical particle tracking method was developed for use with velocities generated from block centered finite-difference ground-water flow models. The method is based on the assumption that each directional velocity component varies linearly within a grid cell in its own coordinate directions. This assumption allows...
Earthquakes, July-August 1988
W. J. Person
1988, Earthquakes & Volcanoes (USGS) (20) 234-237
Major earthquakes (7.0-7.9) struck the Burma-India border on August 6 and the Solomon Islands on August 10. The most devastating earthquake during this reporting period was a magnitude 6.6 on the Nepal-India border on August 20. In the United States, there were no casualties from earthquakes but moderate earthquakes (5.0-5.9) were...
Contrasting serpentinization processes in the eastern Central Alps
D.J.M. Burkhard, J. R. O’Neil
1988, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology (99) 498-506
Stable isotope compositions have been determined for serpentinites from between Davos (Arosa-Platta nappe, Switzerland) and the Valmalenco (Italy). ??D and ??18O values (-120 to -60 and 6-10???, respectively) in the Arosa-Platta nappe indicate that serpentinization took place on the continent at relatively low temperatures in the presence of limited amounts...
The role of the Federal government in the Parkfield earthquake prediction experiment
J.R. Filson
1988, Earthquakes & Volcanoes (USGS) (20) 56-59
Earthquake prediction research in the United States us carried out under the aegis of the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Act of 1977. One of the objectives of the act is "the implementation in all areas of high or moderate seismic risk, of a system (including personnel and procedures) for predicting...
Comprehensive method of characteristics models for flow simulation
Chintu Lai
1988, Journal of Hydraulic Engineering (114) 1074-1097
The use of the specified time interval (STI) numerical schemes has been popular in applying the method of characteristics (MOC) to unsteady open‐channel flow problems. Studies and analyses of several variants of the STI schemes have led to the derivation of a new scheme, referred to herein as the multimode...
Crustal contributions to arc magmatism in the Andes of Central Chile
W. Hildreth, S. Moorbath
1988, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology (98) 455-489
Fifteen andesite-dacite stratovolcanoes on the volcanic front of a single segment of the Andean arc show along-arc changes in isotopic and elemental ratios that demonstrate large crustal contributions to magma genesis. All 15 centers lie 90 km above the Benioff zone and 280??20 km from the trench axis. Rate and...
Elastic-wave propagation and site amplification in the Salt Lake Valley, Utah, from simulated normal faulting earthquakes
H.M. Benz, R. B. Smith
1988, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (78) 1851-1874
The two-dimensional seismic response of the Salt Lake valley to near- and far-field earthquakes has been investigated from simulations of vertically incident plane waves and from normal-faulting earthquakes generated on the basin-bounding Wasatch fault. The response to normal faulting earthquakes was simulated using a two-dimensional finite-element method and the plane-wave...
Composition and stable-isotope geochemistry of natural gases from Kansas, Midcontinent, U.S.A.
P.D. Jenden, K.D. Newell, I.R. Kaplan, W.L. Watney
1988, Chemical Geology (71) 117-147
More than 28??1012 ft.3 (79??1010 m3) of natural gas and 5.3??109 bbl (8.4??108 m3) of oil have been produced in Kansas, U.S.A., from Paleozoic carbonate and sandstone reservoirs on structural uplifts and shallow embayments along the northern margin of the Anadarko basin. A heavily-explored, geologically well-characterized state, Kansas is an...
The mechanics and three-dimensional internal structure of active magmatic systems: Kilauea volcano, Hawaii
M.P. Ryan
1988, Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth (93) 4213-4248
Interpretation of abundant seismic data suggests that Kilauea's primary conduit within the upper mantle is concentrically zoned to about 34-km depth. This zoned structure is inferred to contain a central core region of relatively higher permeability, surrounded by numerous dikes that are in intermittent hydraulic communication with each other and...
Identification, movement, growth, mortality, and exploitation of walleye stocks in Lake St. Clair and the western basin of Lake Erie
Robert C. Haas, Mary C. Fabrizio, Thomas N. Todd
1988, Fisheries Research Report 1954
The harvest of walleye by sport and commercial fisheries in lakes St. Clair and Erie is under a cooperative management program involving several states and two countries. In this report we present the results of a long-term tag-recapture study as well as corroborative evidence of stock discreteness fromstudies of...
Predicting tidal currents in San Francisco Bay using a spectral model
Jon R. Burau, Ralph T. Cheng
1988, Conference Paper
This paper describes the formulation of a spectral (or frequency based) model which solves the linearized shallow water equations. To account for highly variable basin bathymetry, spectral solutions are obtained using the finite element method which allows the strategic placement of the computation points in the specific areas of interest...
Seismic imaging of extended crust with emphasis on the western United States
J. McCarthy, G. A. Thompson
1988, Geological Society of America Bulletin (100) 1361-1374
Understanding of the crust has improved dramatically following the application of seismic reflection and refraction techniques to studies of the deep crust. This is particularly true in areas where the last tectonic event was extensional, such as the Basin and Range province of the western United States and much of...
Stratigraphy and magnetic polarity of the high terrace remnants in the upper Ohio and Monongahela Rivers in West Virginia, Pennsylvania, and Ohio
R. B. Jacobson, D. P. Elston, John W. Heaton
1988, Quaternary Research (29) 216-232
A synthesis of previous work and new data on the stratigraphy of high terraces of the Ohio and Monongahela Rivers upstream from Parkersburg, West Virginia, indicates a correspondence between terrace histories in the ancient Teays and Pittsburgh drainage basins. Four terraces are identified in each. Sediments of the lower three...
Physical deposit measures and commercial potential: The case of titanium-bearing heavy-mineral deposits
E. D. Attanasi, J.H. DeYoung Jr.
1988, Mathematical Geology (20) 97-110
Physical measures of mineral deposit characteristics, such as grade and tonnage, long have been used in both subjective and analytic models to predict favorability of areas for the occurrence of mineral deposits of particular types. After a deposit has been identified, however, the explorationist must decide whether to continue data...
A late Wisconsinan marine incursion into Cape Cod Bay, Massachusetts
R. N. Oldale
1988, Quaternary Research (30) 237-250
Reinterpretation of seismic-reflection data from Cape Cod Bay has produced a revised late Wisconsinan history. Acoustically laminated deposits, originally inferred to be glaciolacustrine, are shown to be glaciomarine by tracing them to glaciomarine mud in Stellwagen Basin, north of Cape Cod Bay. A late Wisconsinan marine deposit of nonglacial origin...
Distribution of selenium in soils of agricultural fields, western San Joaquin Valley, California
Roger Fujii, S. J. Deverel, D. B. Hatfield
1988, Soil Science Society of America Journal (52) 1274-1283
Soils from three agricultural fields in the Panoche Creek alluvial fan area in the western San Joaquin Valley, California, were analyzed for soluble, adsorbed, and total concentrations of selenium (Se) to assess the distribution and forms of Se in relation to the leaching of Se from soils. This assessment is...
Leaching characteristics of a high-calcium fly ash as a function of pH: A potential source of selenium toxicity
D.A. Grisafe, E.E. Angino, S. M. Smith
1988, Applied Geochemistry (3) 601-608
Using a modified extraction procedure, the effect of pH on the leaching of selected elements from Ca-rich (Type C) power plant fly ash was studied. Continuous additions of acetic acid were used to maintain pH values of fly ash slurries at...
Geologic characterization of seismic sources: Moving into the 1990s
David P. Schwartz
1988, Conference Paper, Geotechnical Special Publication
The objective of this paper is to discuss leading-edge directions in paleoseismology and seismic geology, particularly as they relate to characterizing seismic sources. The paper builds on earlier articles that discuss some of these trends (Schwartz and Coppersmith, 1986; Schwartz, 1987). There are several areas that appear to be especially...
Predicted variation of stress orientation with depth near an active fault: Application to the Cajon Pass Scientific Drillhole, southern California
R. L. Wesson
1988, Geophysical Research Letters (15) 1009-1012
Preliminary measurements of the stress orientation at a depth of 2 km in the Cajon Pass Scientific Drillhole, about 3.6 km from the San Andreas fault in southern California, indicate that the local direction of maximum compression is nearly normal to the fault zone. The measurements...
Observed oil and gas field size distributions: A consequence of the discovery process and prices of oil and gas
L.J. Drew, E. D. Attanasi, J.H. Schuenemeyer
1988, Mathematical Geology (20) 939-953
If observed oil and gas field size distributions are obtained by random samplings, the fitted distributions should approximate that of the parent population of oil and gas fields. However, empirical evidence strongly suggests that larger fields tend to be discovered earlier in the discovery process than they would be by...
