U-Pb geochronology of two augen gneiss terranes, Idaho: New data and tectonic implications
K. V. Evans, L. B. Fischer
1986, Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences (23) 1919-1927
U–Pb isotopic analyses of cogenetic zircon suites revise the ages of two augen gneiss terranes in central and northern Idaho. The augen gneiss of Priest River yields an upper-intercept concordia age for only moderately discordant zircons of 1576 ± 13 Ma; there is no evidence of an inherited xenocrystic lead component. Because this...
Research in earthquake prediction - the Parkfield prediction experiment
Henry Spall
1986, Earthquakes & Volcanoes (USGS) (18) 148-148
The 15-mile-long Parkfield, California, section of the Sam Andreas fault is the best understood earthquake source region in the world. Moderate-sized earthquakes of local magnitude 5 3/4 occurred at Parkfield in 1881, 1901, 1922, 1934, and 1966....
A new model for humic materials and their interactions with hydrophobic organic chemicals in soil-water or sediment-water systems
R.L. Wershaw
1986, Journal of Contaminant Hydrology (1) 29-45
A generalized model of humic materials in soils and sediments, which is consistent with their observed properties, is presented. This model provides a means of understanding the interaction of hydrophobic pollutants with humic materials. In this model, it is proposed that the humic materials in soils and sediments consist of...
HYDRODYNAMIC SIMULATION OF THE UPPER POTOMAC ESTUARY.
Raymond W. Schaffranck
1986, Conference Paper
Hydrodynamics of the upper extent of the Potomac Estuary between Indian Head and Morgantown, Md. , are simulated using a two-dimensional model. The model computes water-surface elevations and depth-averaged velocities by numerically integrating finite-difference forms of the equations of mass and momentum conservation using the alternating direction implicit method. The...
A numerical investigation of head waves and leaky modes in fluid- filled boreholes
Frederick L. Paillet, C.H. Cheng
1986, Geophysics (51) 1438-1449
Although synthetic borehole seismograms can be computed for a wide range of borehole conditions, the physical nature of shear and compressional head waves in fluid-filled boreholes is poorly understood. This paper presents a series of numerical experiments designed to explain the physical mechanisms controlling head-wave propagation in boreholes. These calculations...
RAINFALL-LOSS PARAMETER ESTIMATION FOR ILLINOIS.
Linda S. Weiss, Audrey L. Ishii
1986, Conference Paper
The U. S. Geological Survey is currently conducting an investigation to estimate values of parameters for two rainfall-loss computation methods used in a commonly used flood-hydrograph model. Estimates of six rainfall-loss parameters are required: four for the Exponential Loss-Rate method and two for the Initial and Uniform Loss-Rate method. Multiple...
Simulation of fluid flow and energy transport processes associated with high-level radioactive waste disposal in unsaturated alluvium
David W. Pollock
1986, Water Resources Research (22) 765-775
Many parts of the Great Basin have thick zones of unsaturated alluvium which might be suitable for disposing of high-level radioactive wastes. A mathematical model accounting for the coupled transport of energy, water (vapor and liquid), and dry air was used to analyze one-dimensional, vertical transport above and below an...
Modeling of estuarine hydrodynamics - a mixture of art and science
R. T. Cheng
1986, Conference Paper, Proceedings, 3rd International Symposium on River Sedimentation
No abstract available ...
Prototype operational earthquake prediction system
Henry Spall, editor(s)
1986, Earthquakes & Volcanoes (USGS) (18) 151-152
An objective if the U.S. Earthquake Hazards Reduction Act of 1977 is to introduce into all regions of the country that are subject to large and moderate earthquakes, systems for predicting earthquakes and assessing earthquake risk. In 1985, the USGS developed for the Secretary of the Interior a program for...
Application of the Flory-Huggins theory to the solubility of solids in glyceryl trioleate
Cary T. Chiou, Milton Manes
1986, Journal of the Chemical Society, Faraday Transactions I (82) 243-246
The conventional thermodynamic deviation for ideal solid–liquid solubilities is modified by substituting the Flory–Huggins model for Raoult's law. A comparison of published data for eleven solides in glyceryl trioleate with the predictions of the conventional and modified equations shows that the significantly higher athermal solubilities from the modified...
Ground Water
Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey
1986, Report
Some water underlies the Earth's surface almost everywhere, beneath hills, mountains,plains, and deserts. It's not always accessible, or fresh enough for use without treatment, and it's sometimes difficult to locate or to measure and descri be. This water may occur close to the land surface, as in a marsh, or...
10Be distribution in soils from Merced River terraces, California
M.J. Pavich, L. Brown, J. Harden, J. Klein, R. Middleton
1986, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (50) 1727-1735
The distribution and residence time of cosmogenic 10Be in clay-rich soil horizons is fundamental to understanding and modelling the migration of 10Be on terrestrial sediments and in groundwater solutions. We have analyzed seven profiles of clay-rich soils developed from terrace sediments of the Merced River, California. The terraces and soils of increasing...
Interpretation of broad-band seismograms from central Aleutian earthquakes.
E.R. Engdahl, R. Kind
1986, Annales Geophysicae, Series B (4 B) 233-240
Broad-band Graefenberg (GRF) array data from 11 moderate-size shallow-depth earthquakes in the central Aleutians have been used to study the effects of focal depth and structure across the arc on observed waveforms. The theoretical results, primarily phase arrival times, suggest that arc structure is responsible for many of the complicated...
Computer program calculation of gas supersaturation in water
V. K. Dawson
1986, Progressive Fish-Culturist (48) 142-146
A short computer program, written in BASIC for the Apple IIe or IBM PC computer, efficiently performs all the calculations required to determine gas pressure and percent saturation values for water. Input for the program is limited to empirical determinations of barometric pressure, water temperature, differential dissolved gas pressures, dissolved...
Design and cost analysis of rapid aquifer restoration systems using flow simulation and quadratic programming
L.J. Lefkoff, S.M. Gorelick
1986, Groundwater (24) 777-790
Detailed two-dimensional flow simulation of a complex ground-water system is combined with quadratic and linear programming to evaluate design alternatives for rapid aquifer restoration. The design model ensures that a contaminant plume is removed and treated within four years at the least possible cost. Rapid restoration is accomplished by maintaining...
The solubility of BaCO3(cr) (witherite) in CO2-H2O solutions between 0 and 90°C, evaluation of the association constants of BaHCO3+(aq) and BaCO30(aq) between 5 and 80°C, and a preliminary evaluation of the thermodynamic properties of Ba2+(aq)
Eurybiades Busenberg, Niel Plummer
1986, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (50) 2225-2233
One hundred and fifty new measurements of the solubility of witherite were used to evaluate the equilibrium constant of the reaction BaCO3(cr) = Ba2+(aq) + CO32−(aq) between 0 and 90°C and 1 atm total pressure. The temperature dependence of the equilibrium constant is given by logK = 607.642 + 0.121098T − 20011.25/T − 236.4948 logT where T is in degrees...
MODE IDENTIFICATION OF AN ARCH DAM BY A DYNAMIC AIR-GUN TEST.
Hsi-Ping Liu, Joseph J. Fedock, Jon B. Fletcher
1986, Conference Paper
Thirteen natural frequencies of a concrete arch dam (Monticello Dam near Sacramento, California) have been identified by using a dynamic testing method which employs an air gun firing in the reservoir as the excitation source. These vibrations modes are determined from the peak responses in the Fourier amplitude spectra of...
Sr, Nd and Pb isotopes in Proterozoic intrusives astride the Grenville Front in Labrador: Implications for crustal contamination and basement mapping
L.D. Ashwal, J. L. Wooden, R.F. Emslie
1986, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (50) 2571-2585
We report Sr, Nd and Pb isotopic compositions of mid-Proterozoic anorthosites and related rocks (1.45-1.65 Ga) and of younger olivine diabase dikes (1.4 Ga) from two complexes on either side of the Grenville Front in Labrador. Anorthositic or diabasic samples from the Mealy Mountains (Grenville Province) and Harp Lake (Nain-Churchill...
A comparison of two methods for determining copper partitioning in oxidized sediments
Samuel N. Luoma
1986, Marine Chemistry (20) 45-59
Model estimations of the proportion of Cu in oxidized sediments associated with extractable organic materials show some agreement with the proportion of Cu extracted from those sediments with ammonium hydroxide. Data were from 17 estuaries of widely differing sediment chemistry. The modelling and extraction methods agreed best where concentrations of...
Regression approximations for transport model constraint sets in combined aquifer simulation-optimization studies
William M. Alley
1986, Water Resources Research (22) 581-586
Problems involving the combined use of contaminant transport models and nonlinear optimization schemes can be very expensive to solve. This paper explores the use of transport models with ordinary regression and regression on ranks to develop approximate response functions of concentrations at critical locations as a function of pumping and...
FUNDAMENTAL MODAL BEHAVIOR OF AN EARTHQUAKE-EXCITED BRIDGE.
A. G. Brady, M. Çelebi
1986, Conference Paper
The magnitude 6. 1 Morgan Hill, California, earthquake of April 24, 1984, produced a set of acceleration records at the freeway overpass in San Jose carrying I-280/I-680 across U. S. 101, 12 km from the epicenter. Peak accelerations reached 0. 10 g at ground level and 0. 16 g in...
Precambrian basement geology of North and South Dakota
J. S. Klasner, E. R. King
1986, Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences (23) 1083-1102
Combined analysis of drill-hole, gravity, and magnetic data indicates that the buried Precambrian basement rocks of the Dakotas can be divided into several lithotectonic terranes. Eastern North Dakota and northeastern South Dakota are underlain by Archean gneiss. Except for the Black Hills region of South Dakota, where Archean rocks are...
Predicting two-dimensional steady-state soil freezing fronts using the CVBEM
T. V. Hromadka II
1986, Journal of Heat Transfer (108) 235-237
The complex variable boundary element method (CVBEM) is used instead of a real variable boundary element method due to the available modeling error evaluation techniques developed. The modeling accuracy is evaluated by the model-user in the determination of an approximative boundary upon which the CVBEM provides an exact solution. Although...
EVIDENCE FOR THREE MODERATE TO LARGE PREHISTORIC HOLOCENE EARTHQUAKES NEAR CHARLESTON, S. C.
Robert E. Weems, Stephen F. Obermeier, Milan J. Pavich, Gregory S. Gohn, Meyer Rubin, Richard L. Phipps, Robert B. Jacobson
1986, Conference Paper
Earthquake-induced liquefaction features (sand blows), found near Hollywood, S. C. , have yielded abundant clasts of humate-impregnated sand and sparse pieces of wood. Radiocarbon ages for the humate and wood provide sufficient control on the timing of the earthquakes that produced the sand blows to indicate that at least three...
Geochemical correlation of surface and subsurface oils, western Greece
J. G. Palacas, D. Monopolis, C.A. Nicolaou, D.E. Anders
1986, Organic Geochemistry (10) 417-423
Biodegraded seep oils, devoid of n-alkanes and most isoprenoid hydrocarbons, were successfully correlated with subsurface crude oils in western Greece primarily using carbon isotopes and the more microbially resistant tricyclic terpane and aromatic steroid hydrocarbon distributions. All the studied oils seem to fit into three major genetic groups which are...
