High-resolution satellite and airborne thermal infrared imaging of precursory unrest and 2009 eruption of Redoubt Volcano, Alaska
Rick L. Wessels, R. Greg Vaughan, Matthew R. Patrick, Michelle L. Coombs
2013, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (259) 248-269
A combination of satellite and airborne high-resolution visible and thermal infrared (TIR) image data detected and measured changes at Redoubt Volcano during the 2008–2009 unrest and eruption. The TIR sensors detected persistent elevated temperatures at summit ice-melt holes as seismicity and gas emissions increased in late 2008 to March 2009....
Gradients of microhabitat and crappie (Pomoxis spp.) distributions in reservoir coves
Levi J. Kaczka, Leandro E. Miranda
2013, Journal of Freshwater Ecology (28) 561-572
Embayments are among the most widespread littoral habitats found in Mississippi flood-control reservoirs. These macrohabitats represent commonly used nursery zones for age-0 crappies, Pomoxis spp., despite barren and eroded shorelines formed over 60–70 years of annual water level fluctuations. We tested if embayments displayed microhabitat gradients linked to the effect of water level...
Quantifiable long-term monitoring on parks and nature preserves
Scott Beck, Christopher Moorman, Christopher S. DePerno, Theodore R. Simons
2013, Southeastern Naturalist (12) 339-352
Herpetofauna have declined globally, and monitoring is a useful approach to document local and long-term changes. However, monitoring efforts often fail to account for detectability or follow standardized protocols. We performed a case study at Hemlock Bluffs Nature Preserve in Cary, NC to model occupancy of focal species and demonstrate...
Emissions of carbon dioxide and methane from a headwater stream network of interior Alaska
John T. Crawford, Robert G. Striegl, Kimberly P. Wickland, Mark M. Dornblaser, Emily H. Stanley
2013, Journal of Geophysical Research G: Biogeosciences (118) 482-494
Boreal ecosystems store significant quantities of organic carbon (C) that may be vulnerable to degradation as a result of a warming climate. Despite their limited coverage on the landscape, streams play a significant role in the processing, gaseous emission, and downstream export of C, and small streams are thought to...
Controls on dissolved organic carbon quantity and chemical character in temperate rivers of North America
Kevin W. Hanley, Wilfred M. Wollheim, Joseph Salisbury, Thomas G. Huntington, George R. Aiken
2013, Global Biogeochemical Cycles (27) 492-504
Understanding the processes controlling the transfer and chemical composition of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in freshwater systems is crucial to understanding the carbon cycle and the effects of DOC on water quality. Previous studies have identified watershed-scale controls on bulk DOC flux and concentration among small basins but fewer studies...
Injection, transport, and deposition of tephra during event 5 at Redoubt Volcano, 23 March, 2009
Larry G. Mastin, Hans F. Schwaiger, David J. Schneider, Kristi L. Wallace, Janet Schaefer, Roger P. Denlinger
2013, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (259) 201-213
Among the events of the 2009 eruption at Redoubt Volcano, Alaska, event 5 was the best documented by radar, satellite imagery, and deposit mapping. We use the new Eulerian tephra transport model Ash3d to simulate transport and deposition of event 5 tephra at distances up to 350 km. The eruption, which...
Evaluation of Redoubt Volcano's sulfur dioxide emissions by the Ozone Monitoring Instrument
Taryn Lopez, Simon A. Carn, Cynthia A. Werner, David Fee, Peter J. Kelly, Michael P. Doukas, Melissa Pfeffer, Peter Webley, Catherine F. Cahill, David J. Schneider
2013, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (259) 290-307
The 2009 eruption of Redoubt Volcano, Alaska, provided a rare opportunity to compare satellite measurements of sulfur dioxide (SO2) by the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) with airborne SO2 measurements by the Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO). Herein we: (1) compare OMI and airborne SO2 column density values for Redoubt's tropospheric plume, (2) calculate...
Reevaluation of lake trout and lake whitefish bioenergetics models
Charles P. Madenjian, Steve A. Pothoven, Yu-Chun Kao
2013, Journal of Great Lakes Research (39) 358-364
Using a corrected algorithm for balancing the energy budget, we reevaluated the Wisconsin bioenergetics model for lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) in the laboratory and for lake whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis) in the laboratory and in the field. For lake trout, results showed that the bioenergetics model slightly overestimated food consumption by...
The geologic records of dust in the Quaternary
Daniel R. Muhs
2013, Aeolian Research (9) 3-48
Study of geologic records of dust composition, sources and deposition rates is important for understanding the role of dust in the overall planetary radiation balance, fertilization of organisms in the world’s oceans, nutrient additions to the terrestrial biosphere and soils, and for paleoclimatic reconstructions. Both glacial and non-glacial processes produce...
Assessing impacts of roads: application of a standard assessment protocol
Michael C. Duniway, Jeffrey E. Herrick
2013, Rangeland Ecology and Management (66) 364-375
Adaptive management of road networks depends on timely data that accurately reflect the impacts those systems are having on ecosystem processes and associated services. In the absence of reliable data, land managers are left with little more than observations and perceptions to support management decisions of road-associated disturbances. Roads can...
Population size, survival, growth, and movements of Rana sierrae
Gary M. Fellers, Patrick M. Kleeman, David A. W. Miller, Brian J. Halstead, William A. Link
2013, Herpetologica (69) 147-162
Based on 2431 captures of 757 individual frogs over a 9-yr period, we found that the population of R. sierrae in one meadow–stream complex in Yosemite National Park ranged from an estimated 45 to 115 adult frogs. Rana sierrae at our relatively low elevation site (2200 m) grew at a...
Desert fires fueled by native annual forbs: effects of fire on communities of plants and birds in the lower Sonoran Desert of Arizona
Todd C. Esque, Robert H. Webb, Cynthia S.A. Wallace, Charles van Riper III, Chris McCreedy, Lindsay A. Smythe
2013, Southwestern Naturalist (58) 223-233
In 2005, fire ignited by humans swept from Yuma Proving Grounds into Kofa National Wildlife Refuge, Arizona, burning ca. 9,255 ha of Wilderness Area. Fuels were predominantly the native forb Plantago ovata. Large fires at low elevations were rare in the 19th and 20th centuries, and fires fueled by native vegetation...
Greater sage-grouse winter habitat use on the eastern edge of their range
Christopher C. Swanson, Mark A. Rumble, Troy W. Grovenburg, Nicholas W. Kaczor, Robert W. Klaver, Katie M. Herman-Brunson, Jonathan A. Jenks, Kent C. Jensen
2013, Journal of Wildlife Management (77) 486-494
Greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) at the western edge of the Dakotas occur in the transition zone between sagebrush and grassland communities. These mixed sagebrush (Artemisia sp.) and grasslands differ from those habitats that comprise the central portions of the sage-grouse range; yet, no information is available on winter habitat selection...
Roost selection by western long-eared myotis (Myotis evotis) in burned and unburned piñon–juniper woodlands of southwestern Colorado
E. Apple Snider, Paul M. Cryan, Kenneth R. Wilson
2013, Journal of Mammalogy (94) 640-649
All 16 species of bats known to occur in western Colorado are found at Mesa Verde National Park (MVNP) in the southwestern United States. Since 1996, wildfires have burned more than 70% of MVNP (> 15,000 ha), potentially altering food and roosting resources for bats. During the summers of 2006–2007,...
Bokan Mountain peralkaline granitic complex, Alexander terrane (southeastern Alaska): evidence for Early Jurassic rifting prior to accretion with North America
Jaroslav Dostal, Susan M. Karl, J. Duncan Keppie, Daniel J. Kontak, J. Gregory Shellnutt
2013, Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences (50) 678-691
The circular Bokan Mountain complex (BMC) on southern Prince of Wales Island, southernmost Alaska, is a Jurassic peralkaline granitic intrusion about 3 km in diameter that crosscuts igneous and metasedimentary rocks of the Alexander terrane. The BMC hosts significant rare metal (rare earth elements, Y, U, Th, Zr, and Nb)...
Temporal variability of exchange between groundwater and surface water based on high-frequency direct measurements of seepage at the sediment-water interface
Donald O. Rosenberry, Rich W. Sheibley, Stephen E. Cox, Frederic W. Simonds, David L. Naftz
2013, Water Resources Research (49) 2975-2986
Seepage at the sediment-water interface in several lakes, a large river, and an estuary exhibits substantial temporal variability when measured with temporal resolution of 1 min or less. Already substantial seepage rates changed by 7% and 16% in response to relatively small rain events at two lakes in the northeastern...
Tectonic setting of the pebble and other copper-gold-molybdenum porphyry deposits within the evolving middle cretaceous continental margin of Northwestern North America
Richard J. Goldfarb, Eric D. Anderson, Craig J. Hart
2013, Economic Geology (108) 405-419
The Pebble Cu-Au-Mo deposit in southwestern Alaska, containing the largest gold resource of any known porphyry in the world, developed in a tectonic setting significantly different from that of the present-day. It is one of a series of metalliferous middle Cretaceous porphyritic granodiorite, quartz monzonite, and diorite bodies, evolved...
Microbial community responses to 17 years of altered precipitation are seasonally dependent and coupled to co-varying effects of water content on vegetation and soil C
Patrick O. Sorensen, Matthew J. Germino, Kevin P. Feris
2013, Soil Biology and Biochemistry (64) 155-163
Precipitation amount and seasonal timing determine the duration and distribution of water available for plant and microbial activity in the cold desert sagebrush steppe. In this study, we sought to determine if a sustained shift in the amount and timing of precipitation would affect soil microbial diversity, community composition, and...
Geospace environment modeling 2008--2009 challenge: Dst index
L. Rastatter, M.M. Kuznetsova, A. Glocer, D. Welling, X. Meng, J. Raeder, M. Wittberger, V.K. Jordanova, Y. Yu, S. Zaharia, R.S. Weigel, S. Sazykin, R. Boynton, H. Wei, V. Eccles, W. Horton, M.L. Mays, J. Gannon
2013, Space Weather (11) 187-205
This paper reports the metrics-based results of the Dst index part of the 2008–2009 GEM Metrics Challenge. The 2008–2009 GEM Metrics Challenge asked modelers to submit results for four geomagnetic storm events and five different types of observations that can be modeled by statistical, climatological or physics-based models of the...
Computed statistics at streamgages, and methods for estimating low-flow frequency statistics and development of regional regression equations for estimating low-flow frequency statistics at ungaged locations in Missouri
Rodney E. Southard
2013, Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5090
The weather and precipitation patterns in Missouri vary considerably from year to year. In 2008, the statewide average rainfall was 57.34 inches and in 2012, the statewide average rainfall was 30.64 inches. This variability in precipitation and resulting streamflow in Missouri underlies the necessity for water managers and users to...
Estimation of volume and mass and of changes in volume and mass of selected chat piles in the Picher mining district, Ottawa County, Oklahoma, 2005-10
S. Jerrod Smith
2013, Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5011
From the 1890s through the 1970s the Picher mining district in northeastern Ottawa County, Oklahoma, was the site of mining and processing of lead and zinc ore. When mining ceased in about 1979, as much as 165–300 million tons of mine tailings, locally referred to as “chat,” remained in the...
Recharge sources and residence times of groundwater as determined by geochemical tracers in the Mayfield Area, southwestern Idaho, 2011–12
Candice B. Hopkins
2013, Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5115
Parties proposing residential development in the area of Mayfield, Idaho are seeking a sustainable groundwater supply. During 2011–12, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Idaho Department of Water Resources, used geochemical tracers in the Mayfield area to evaluate sources of aquifer recharge and differences in groundwater residence time....
How does pedogenesis drive plant diversity?
Etienne Laliberte, James B. Grace, Michael A. Huston, Hans Lambers, Francois P. Teste, Benjamin L. Turner, David A. Wardle
2013, Trends in Ecology and Evolution (28) 331-340
Some of the most species-rich plant communities occur on ancient, strongly weathered soils, whereas those on recently developed soils tend to be less diverse. Mechanisms underlying this well-known pattern, however, remain unresolved. Here, we present a conceptual model describing alternative mechanisms by which pedogenesis (the process of soil formation) might...
Reserve growth of oil and gas fields—Investigations and applications
Troy A. Cook
2013, Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5063
The reserve growth of fields has been a topic for ongoing discussion for over half a century and will continue to be studied well into the future. This is due to the expected size of the volumetric contribution of reserve growth to the future supply of oil and natural gas....
Analysis of 1997–2008 groundwater level changes in the upper Deschutes Basin, Central Oregon
Marshall W. Gannett, Kenneth E. Lite Jr.
2013, Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5092
Groundwater-level monitoring in the upper Deschutes Basin of central Oregon from 1997 to 2008 shows water-level declines in some places that are larger than might be expected from climate variations alone, raising questions regarding the influence of groundwater pumping, canal lining (which decreases recharge), and other human influences. Between the...
