Nocturnal activity of nesting shrubland and grassland passerines: Chapter 9
Christy M. Slay, Kevin S. Ellison, Christine Ribic, Kimberly G. Smith, Carolyn M. Schmitz
2013, Book chapter, Video surveillance of nesting birds
Nocturnal activity of nesting passerines is largely undocumented in field situations. We used video recordings to quantify sleep patterns of four shrubland and three grassland bird species during the nestling period. All species exhibited “back sleep” (bill tucked under scapular feathers); individuals woke frequently for vigils of their surroundings....
Predator-prey relationships and managements
Clint W. Boal, Warren B. Ballard
Paul R. Krausman, James W. Cain III, editor(s)
2013, Book chapter, Wildlife management and conservation: Contemporary principles and practices
No abstract available....
Estimating abundance of the Southern Hudson Bay polar bear subpopulation using aerial surveys, 2011 and 2012
Martyn E. Obbard, Kevin R. Middel, Seth P. Stapleton, Isabelle Thibault, Vincent Brodeur, Charles Jutras
2013, Wildlife Research Series 2013-01
The Southern Hudson Bay (SH) polar bear subpopulation occurs at the southern extent of the species’ range. Although capture-recapture studies indicate that abundance remained stable between 1986 and 2005, declines in body condition and survival were documented during the period, possibly foreshadowing a future decrease in abundance. To obtain a...
Distribution, habitat, and species description of the Diamond Darter, Crystallaria cincotta
Stuart A. Welsh
2013, Report, The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
Distribution, habitat, and species description of the Diamond Darter, Crystallaria cincotta. ...
Severe reduction in genetic variation in a montane isolate: The endangered Mount Graham red squirrel (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus grahamensis)
Robert R. Fitak, John L. Koprowski, Melanie Culver
2013, Conservation Genetics (14) 1233-1241
The Mount Graham red squirrel (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus grahamensis; MGRS) is endemic to the Pinaleño Mountains of Arizona at the southernmost extent of the species’ range. The MGRS was listed as federally endangered in 1987, and is currently at high risk of extinction due to declining population size and...
Photogrammetric monitoring of lava dome growth during the 2009 eruption of Redoubt Volcano
Angela K. Diefenbach, Katharine F. Bull, Rick Wessels, Robert G. McGimsey
2013, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (259) 308-316
The 2009 eruption of Redoubt Volcano, Alaska, began with a phreatic explosion on 15 March followed by a series of at least 19 explosive events and growth and destruction of at least two, and likely three, lava domes between 22 March and 4 April. On 4 April explosive activity...
An ecological perspective on the changing face of Brucella abortus in the western United States
Paul C. Cross, Eric J. Maichak, Angela Brennan, Brandon Scurlock, John C. Henningsen, Gordon Luikart
2013, OIE Revue Scientifique et Technique (32) 79-87
After a hiatus during the 1990s, outbreaks of Brucella abortus in cattle are occurring more frequently in some of the western states of the United States, namely, Montana, Wyoming and Idaho. This increase is coincident with increasing brucellosis seroprevalence in elk (Cervus elaphus), which is correlated with elk density. Vaccines...
Galveston Bay: Chapter D in Emergent wetlands status and trends in the northern Gulf of Mexico: 1950-2010
Lawrence R. Handley, Kathryn A. Spear, Eleonor Taylor, Cindy A. Thatcher
2013, Report, Emergent wetlands status and trends in the northern Gulf of Mexico: 1950-2010
The Galveston Bay estuary is located on the upper Texas Gulf coast (Lester and Gonzalez, 2002). It is composed of four major sub-bays - Galveston, Trinity, East, and West Bays. It is Texas’ largest estuary on the Gulf Coast with a total area of 155,399 hectares (384,000 acres) and 1,885...
Abundance: Population size and density estimation
Mark S. Udevitz, William R. Gould
Abdel H. El-Shaarawi, Walter W. Piegorsch, editor(s)
2013, Book chapter, Encyclopedia of environmetrics
Estimates of population size (total number of individuals) or density (number of individuals per unit area) are some of the most basic requirements for wildlife research and management. This article provides a brief overview of approaches for wildlife population estimation. These include habitat‐based approaches such as quadrat, line intercept, distance,...
Remote sensing applications for assessing the effects of air quality on human health: An emphasis on volcanic ash and desert dust
Dale W. Griffin, Jesse C. McEntee, Denise Catronovo, Myles Lyles, Elena N. Naumova
Stanley A. Morain, A.M Budge, editor(s)
2013, Book chapter, Environmental tracking for public health surveillance
No abstract available....
Smolt physiology and endocrinology
Stephen D. McCormick
Stephen D. McCormick, Anthony Peter Farrell, Colin J. Brauner, editor(s)
2013, Book chapter, Euryhaline fishes
Hormones play a critical role in maintaining body fluid balance in euryhaline fishes during changes in environmental salinity. The neuroendocrine axis senses osmotic and ionic changes, then signals and coordinates tissue-specific responses to regulate water and ion fluxes. Rapid-acting hormones, e.g. angiotensins, cope with immediate challenges by controlling drinking rate...
Tamarisk in riparian woodlands: A bird’s eye view
Mark K. Sogge, Eben H. Paxton, Charles van Riper III
Anna Sher, Martin F. Quigley, editor(s)
2013, Book chapter, Tamarix: a case study of ecological change in the American West
This chapter presents a “bird's eye” view of tamarisk and examines some issues surrounding the management of tamarisk in riparian woodlands. The focus on birds is based on the fact that they are a relatively well-studied group that can provide important insights into the role of tamarisk in riparian ecosystems....
Fungal degradation of coal as a pretreatment for methane production
Rizwan Haider, Muhammad A. Ghauri, John R. SanFilipo, Elizabeth J. Jones, William H. Orem, Calin A. Tatu, Kalsoom Akhtar, Nasrin Akhtar
2013, Fuel (104) 717-725
Coal conversion technologies can help in taking advantage of huge low rank coal reserves by converting those into alternative fuels like methane. In this regard, fungal degradation of coal can serve as a pretreatment step in order to make coal a suitable substrate for biological beneficiation. A fungal isolate MW1,...
Thermokarst lakes, drainage, and drained basins
Guido Grosse, Benjamin M. Jones, C. Arp
John F. Schroder, editor(s)
2013, Book chapter, Glacial and periglacial geomorphology
NDVI saturation adjustment: a new approach for improving cropland performance estimates in the Greater Platte River Basin, USA
Yingxin Gu, Bruce K. Wylie, Daniel M. Howard, Khem P. Phuyal, Lei Ji
2013, Ecological Indicators (30) 1-6
In this study, we developed a new approach that adjusted normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) pixel values that were near saturation to better characterize the cropland performance (CP) in the Greater Platte River Basin (GPRB), USA. The relationship between NDVI and the ratio vegetation index (RVI) at high NDVI values...
Curren fire regimes, impacts annd the likely changes: Temperate-Mediterranean North America
Max A. Moritz, Meg A. Krawchuk, Jon E. Keeley
2013, Report, Vegetation Fires and Global Change
No abstract available....
The effects of pulse pressure from seismic water gun technology on Northern Pike
Jackson A. Gross, Kathryn M. Irvine, Siri K. Wilmoth, Tristany L. Wagner, Patrick A Shields, Jeffrey R. Fox
2013, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (142) 1335-1346
We examined the efficacy of sound pressure pulses generated from a water gun for controlling invasive Northern Pike Esox lucius. Pulse pressures from two sizes of water guns were evaluated for their effects on individual fish placed at a predetermined random distance. Fish mortality from a 5,620.8-cm3 water gun (peak pressure source...
Vegetation of natural and artificial shorelines in Upper Klamath Basin’s fringe wetlands
Andrew M. Ray, Kathryn M. Irvine, Andy S. Hamilton
2013, Wetland Science & Practice (30) 10-21
The Upper Klamath Basin (UKB) in northern California and southern Oregon supports large hypereutrophic lakes surrounded by natural and artificial shorelines. Lake shorelines contain fringe wetlands that provide key ecological services to the people of this region. These wetlands also provide a context for drawing inferences about how differing wetland...
Influence of sex and reproductive status on seasonal movement of Lake Sturgeon in Namakan Reservoir, Minnesota–Ontario
Stephanie L. Shaw, Steven R. Chipps, Steve K. Windels, Molly A. H. Webb, Darryl T. McLeod
2013, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (142) 10-20
We evaluated the influence of sex and reproductive condition on seasonal distribution and movement patterns of Lake Sturgeon Acipenser fulvescens in Namakan Reservoir, Minnesota–Ontario. Blood samples were collected from 133 Lake Sturgeon prior to spawning and plasma concentrations of testosterone and estradiol-17ß were analyzed using radioimmunoassay. Steroid concentrations were used to determine...
Monte Carlo simulations of product distributions and contained metal estimates
Mark E. Gettings
2013, Natural Resources Research (22) 239-254
Estimation of product distributions of two factors was simulated by conventional Monte Carlo techniques using factor distributions that were independent (uncorrelated). Several simulations using uniform distributions of factors show that the product distribution has a central peak approximately centered at the product of the medians of the factor distributions. Factor...
Biochar effect on maize yield and soil characteristics in five conservation farming sites in Zambia
Gerard Cornelissen, Vegard Martinsen, Victor Shitumbanuma, Vanja Alling, Gijs D. Breedveld, David W. Rutherford, Magnus Sparrevik, Sarah E. Hale, Alfred Obia, Jan Mulder
2013, Agronomy Journal (3) 256-274
Biochar addition to agricultural soils can improve soil fertility, with the added bonus of climate change mitigation through carbon sequestration. Conservation farming (CF) is precision farming, often combining minimum tillage, crop rotation and residue retention. In the present farmer-led field trials carried out in Zambia, the use of a low...
Sorption of pure N2O to biochars and other organic and inorganic materials under anhydrous conditions
Gerard Cornelissen, David W. Rutherford, Hans Peter H. Arp, Peter Dorsch, Charlene N. Kelly, Colleen E. Rostad
2013, Environmental Science & Technology (47) 7704-7712
Suppression of nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from soil is commonly observed after amendment with biochar. The mechanisms accounting for this suppression are not yet understood. One possible contributing mechanism is N2O sorption to biochar. The sorption of N2O and carbon dioxide (CO2) to four biochars was measured in an anhydrous...
A simple device for measuring the minimum current velocity to maintain semi-buoyant fish eggs in suspension
Julia S. Mueller, Brandon D. Cheek, Qingman Chen, Jillian R. Groeschel, Shannon K. Brewer, Timothy B. Grabowski
2013, Prairie Naturalist (45) 84-89
Pelagic broadcast spawning cyprinids are common to Great Plains rivers and streams. This reproductive guild produces non-adhesive semi-buoyant eggs that require sufficient current velocity to remain in suspension during development. Although studies have shown that there may be a minimum velocity needed to keep the eggs in suspension, this velocity...
Autumn monitoring of resident avifauna on Guana Island, British Virgin Islands
Clint W. Boal, Joseph M. Wunderle Jr., Wayne J. Arendt
2013, Ornitologia Neotropical (24) 335-343
Although the Caribbean region is considered a biodiversity hotspot and a priority for ecological conservation efforts, little information exists on population trends of West Indian landbirds. We combined avian survey data collected from three studies spanning a 16-year period on a small island with a minimal human presence in the...
Intrinsic vs. extrinsic influences on life history expression: metabolism and parentally induced temperature influences on embryo development rate
Thomas E. Martin, Riccardo Ton, Alina Nikilson
2013, Ecology Letters (16) 738-745
Intrinsic processes are assumed to underlie life history expression and trade-offs, but extrinsic inputs are theorised to shift trait expression and mask trade-offs within species. Here, we explore application of this theory across species. We do this based on parentally induced embryo temperature as an extrinsic input, and mass-specific embryo...
