Very long period conduit oscillations induced by rockfalls at Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii
Bernard A. Chouet, Phillip B. Dawson
2013, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (118) 5352-5371
Eruptive activity at the summit of Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii, beginning in 2010 and continuing to the present time is characterized by transient outgassing bursts accompanied by very long period (VLP) seismic signals triggered by rockfalls from the vent walls impacting a lava lake in a pit within the Halemaumau pit...
Monte Carlo simulations of product distributions and contained metal estimates
Mark E. Gettings
2013, Natural Resources Research (22) 239-254
Estimation of product distributions of two factors was simulated by conventional Monte Carlo techniques using factor distributions that were independent (uncorrelated). Several simulations using uniform distributions of factors show that the product distribution has a central peak approximately centered at the product of the medians of the factor distributions. Factor...
Effects of canopy tree species on belowground biogeochemistry in a lowland wet tropical forest
Adrienne B. Keller, Sasha C. Reed, Alan R. Townsend, Cory C. Cleveland
2013, Soil Biology and Biochemistry (58) 61-69
Tropical rain forests are known for their high biological diversity, but the effects of plant diversity on important ecosystem processes in this biome remain unclear. Interspecies differences in both the demand for nutrients and in foliar and litter nutrient concentrations could drive variations in both the pool sizes and fluxes...
Characterization and remediation of iron(III) oxide-rich scale in a pipeline carrying acid mine drainage at Iron Mountain Mine, California, USA
Kate M. Campbell, Charles N. Alpers, D. Kirk Nordstrom, Alex E. Blum, Amy Williams
A. Brown, L. Figueroa, C. Wolkersdorfer, editor(s)
2013, Conference Paper, Reliable mine water technology: Proceedings of the International Mine Water Association Annual Conference 2013, August 6-9, 2013, Golden, Colorado, USA
http://imwa.info/docs/imwa_2013/IMWA2013_Campbell_481.pdf...
Climate change has indirect effects on resource use and overlap among coexisting bird species with negative consequences for their reproductive success
Thomas E. Martin, Sonya K. Auer
2013, Global Change Biology (19) 411-419
Climate change can modify ecological interactions, but whether it can have cascading effects throughout ecological networks of multiple interacting species remains poorly studied. Climate-driven alterations in the intensity of plant–herbivore interactions may have particularly profound effects on the larger community because plants provide habitat for a wide diversity of organisms....
Vegetation ecogeomorphology, dynamic equilibrium, and disturbance
Cliff R. Hupp, W. R. Osterkamp
2013, Book chapter, Ecogeomorphology: Volume 12 in Treatise in Geomorphology
Early ecologists understood the need to document geomorphic form and process to explain plant species distributions. Although this relationship has been acknowledged for over a century, with the exception of a few landmark papers, only the past few decades have experienced intensive research on this interdisciplinary topic. Here the authors...
Biochar effect on maize yield and soil characteristics in five conservation farming sites in Zambia
Gerard Cornelissen, Vegard Martinsen, Victor Shitumbanuma, Vanja Alling, Gijs D. Breedveld, David W. Rutherford, Magnus Sparrevik, Sarah E. Hale, Alfred Obia, Jan Mulder
2013, Agronomy Journal (3) 256-274
Biochar addition to agricultural soils can improve soil fertility, with the added bonus of climate change mitigation through carbon sequestration. Conservation farming (CF) is precision farming, often combining minimum tillage, crop rotation and residue retention. In the present farmer-led field trials carried out in Zambia, the use of a low...
Sorption of pure N2O to biochars and other organic and inorganic materials under anhydrous conditions
Gerard Cornelissen, David W. Rutherford, Hans Peter H. Arp, Peter Dorsch, Charlene N. Kelly, Colleen E. Rostad
2013, Environmental Science & Technology (47) 7704-7712
Suppression of nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from soil is commonly observed after amendment with biochar. The mechanisms accounting for this suppression are not yet understood. One possible contributing mechanism is N2O sorption to biochar. The sorption of N2O and carbon dioxide (CO2) to four biochars was measured in an anhydrous...
Assessing and measuring wetland hydrology
Donald O. Rosenberry, Masaki Hayashi
James T. Anderson, Craig A. Davis, editor(s)
2013, Book chapter, Wetland techniques, Volume 1 Foundations
Virtually all ecological processes that occur in wetlands are influenced by the water that flows to, from, and within these wetlands. This chapter provides the “how-to” information for quantifying the various source and loss terms associated with wetland hydrology. The chapter is organized from a water-budget perspective, with sections associated...
Influence of sex and reproductive status on seasonal movement of Lake Sturgeon in Namakan Reservoir, Minnesota–Ontario
Stephanie L. Shaw, Steven R. Chipps, Steve K. Windels, Molly A. H. Webb, Darryl T. McLeod
2013, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (142) 10-20
We evaluated the influence of sex and reproductive condition on seasonal distribution and movement patterns of Lake Sturgeon Acipenser fulvescens in Namakan Reservoir, Minnesota–Ontario. Blood samples were collected from 133 Lake Sturgeon prior to spawning and plasma concentrations of testosterone and estradiol-17ß were analyzed using radioimmunoassay. Steroid concentrations were used to determine...
Autumn monitoring of resident avifauna on Guana Island, British Virgin Islands
Clint W. Boal, Joseph M. Wunderle Jr., Wayne J. Arendt
2013, Ornitologia Neotropical (24) 335-343
Although the Caribbean region is considered a biodiversity hotspot and a priority for ecological conservation efforts, little information exists on population trends of West Indian landbirds. We combined avian survey data collected from three studies spanning a 16-year period on a small island with a minimal human presence in the...
A simple device for measuring the minimum current velocity to maintain semi-buoyant fish eggs in suspension
Julia S. Mueller, Brandon D. Cheek, Qingman Chen, Jillian R. Groeschel, Shannon K. Brewer, Timothy B. Grabowski
2013, Prairie Naturalist (45) 84-89
Pelagic broadcast spawning cyprinids are common to Great Plains rivers and streams. This reproductive guild produces non-adhesive semi-buoyant eggs that require sufficient current velocity to remain in suspension during development. Although studies have shown that there may be a minimum velocity needed to keep the eggs in suspension, this velocity...
Choosing a DIVA: a comparison of emerging digital imagery vegetation analysis techniques
Christopher F. Jorgensen, Ryan J. Stutzman, Lars C. Anderson, Suzanne E. Decker, Larkin A. Powell, Walter H. Schacht, Joseph J. Fontaine
2013, Applied Vegetation Science (16) 552-560
Question: What is the precision of five methods of measuring vegetation structure using ground-based digital imagery and processing techniques? Location: Lincoln, Nebraska, USA Methods: Vertical herbaceous cover was recorded using digital imagery techniques at two distinct locations in a mixed-grass prairie. The precision of five ground-based digital imagery vegetation analysis...
Intrinsic vs. extrinsic influences on life history expression: metabolism and parentally induced temperature influences on embryo development rate
Thomas E. Martin, Riccardo Ton, Alina Nikilson
2013, Ecology Letters (16) 738-745
Intrinsic processes are assumed to underlie life history expression and trade-offs, but extrinsic inputs are theorised to shift trait expression and mask trade-offs within species. Here, we explore application of this theory across species. We do this based on parentally induced embryo temperature as an extrinsic input, and mass-specific embryo...
Persistence and potential effects of complex organic contaminant mixtures in wastewater-impacted streams
Larry B. Barber, Steffanie H. Keefe, Greg K. Brown, Edward T. Furlong, James L. Gray, Dana W. Kolpin, Michael T. Meyer, Mark W. Sandstrom, Steven D. Zaugg
2013, Environmental Science & Technology (47) 2177-2188
Natural and synthetic organic contaminants in municipal wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluents can cause ecosystem impacts, raising concerns about their persistence in receiving streams. In this study, Lagrangian sampling, in which the same approximate parcel of water is tracked as it moves downstream, was conducted at Boulder Creek, Colorado and...
Glacier variability in the conterminous United States during the twentieth century
Gregory J. McCabe, Andrew G. Fountain
2013, Climate Change (116) 565-577
Glaciers of the conterminous United States have been receding for the past century. Since 1900 the recession has varied from a 24 % loss in area (Mt. Rainier, Washington) to a 66 % loss in the Lewis Range of Montana. The rates of retreat are generally similar with a rapid loss in...
Observed ices in the Solar System
Roger N. Clark, Will Grundy, Robert R. Carlson, Keith Noll
Murthy Gudipati, Julie C. Castillo-Rogez, editor(s)
2013, Book chapter
Ices have been detected and mapped on the Earth and all planets and/or their satellites further from the sun. Water ice is the most common frozen volatile observed and is also unambiguously detected or inferred in every planet and/or their moon(s) except Venus. Carbon dioxide is also extensively found in...
Establishing an operational waterhole monitoring system using satellite data and hydrologic modelling: Application in the pastoral regions of East Africa
Gabriel B. Senay, Naga Manohar Velpuri, Henok Alemu, Shahriar Md Pervez, Kwabena O Asante, Gatarwa Karuki, Asefa Taa, Jay Angerer
2013, Pastoralism: Research, Policy and Practice (3) 1-16
Timely information on the availability of water and forage is important for the sustainable development of pastoral regions. The lack of such information increases the dependence of pastoral communities on perennial sources, which often leads to competition and conflicts. The provision of timely information is a challenging task, especially due...
Status and trends of pelagic prey fishes in Lake Huron, 2012
David M. Warner, Timothy P. O’Brien, Steve A. Farha, Jeff Schaeffer, Stephen Lenart
2013, Conference Paper
The USGS Great Lakes Science Center (GLSC) conducted acoustic/midwater trawl surveys of Lake Huron during 1997 and annually during 2004-2012. The 2012 survey was conducted during September and October, and included transects in Lake Huron’s Main Basin, Georgian Bay, and North Channel. Pelagic fish density (638 fish/ha) was lower in...
Phylogeography, post-glacial gene flow, and population history of North American goshawks (Accipeter gentilis)
Shelley Bayard De Volo, Richard T. Reynolds, Sarah A. Sonsthagen, Sandra L. Talbot, Michael F. Antolin
2013, The Auk (130) 342-354
Climate cycling during the Quaternary played a critical role in the diversification of avian lineages in North America, greatly influencing the genetic characteristics of contemporary populations. To test the hypothesis that North American Northern Goshawks (Accipitergentilis) were historically isolated within multiple Late Pleistocene refugia, we assessed diversity and population genetic...
The Cambrian-Ordovician rocks of Sonora, Mexico, and southern Arizona, southwestern margin of North America (Laurentia)
William R. Page, Alta C. Harris, John E. Repetski
James R. Derby, R.D. Fritz, S.A. Longacre, W.A. Morgan, C.A. Sternbach, editor(s)
2013, Book chapter, The great American carbonate bank: The geology and economic resources of the Cambrian-Ordovician Sauk megasequence of Laurentia
Cambrian and Ordovician shelf, platform, and basin rocks are present in Sonora, Mexico, and southern Arizona and were deposited on the southwestern continental margin of North America (Laurentia). Cambrian and Ordovician rocks in Sonora, Mexico, are mostly exposed in scattered outcrops in the northern half of the state. Their discontinuous nature results...
Assessing winter cover crop nutrient uptake efficiency using a water quality simulation model
In-Young Yeo, Sangchui Lee, Ali M. Sadeghi, Peter C. Beeson, W. Dean Hively, Greg W. McCarty, Megan W. Lang
2013, Hydrology and Earth System Sciences (10) 14229-14263
Winter cover crops are an effective conservation management practice with potential to improve water quality. Throughout the Chesapeake Bay Watershed (CBW), which is located in the Mid-Atlantic US, winter cover crop use has been emphasized and federal and state cost-share programs are available to farmers to subsidize the cost of...
Chesapeake Bay waterbirds, sea-level rise, and island restoration
R. Michael Erwin
2013, Book chapter, Marine Conservation: Science, Policy, and Management
No abstract available....
Geochemistry and geophysics field maps used during the USGS 2011 field season in southwest Alaska
Stuart A. Giles
2013, Book chapter, Esri Map Book
The US Geological Survey (USGS) has been studying a variety of geochemical and geophyscial assessment techniques for concealed mineral deposits. The 2011 field season for this project took place in southwest Alaska, northeast of Bristol Bay between Dillingham and Iliamna Lake. Four maps were created for the geochemistry and geophysics...
Genetic structure of the Common Eider in the western Aleutian Islands prior to fox eradication
Sarah A. Sonsthagen, Sandra L. Talbot, Robert E. Wilson, Margaret R. Petersen, Jeffrey C. Williams, G. Vernon Byrd, Kevin G. McCracken
2013, The Condor (115) 28-39
Since the late 18th century bird populations residing in the Aleutian Archipelago have been greatly reduced by introduced arctic foxes (Alopex lagopus). We analyzed data from microsatellite, nuclear intron, and mitochondrial (mtDNA) loci to examine the spatial genetic structure, demography, and gene flow among four Aleutian Island populations of the Common...
