Four-dimensional modeling of recent vertical movements in the area of the southern California uplift
Petr Vanicek, Michael R. Elliot, Robert O. Castle
1979, Tectonophysics (52) 287-300
This paper describes an analytical technique that utilizes scattered geodetic relevelings and tide-gauge records to portray Recent vertical crustal movements that may have been characterized by spasmodic changes in velocity. The technique is based on the fitting of a time-varying algebraic surface of prescribed degree to the geodetic data treated...
Origin of reverse-graded bedding in air-fall pumice, Coso Range, California
W. A. Duffield, C. R. Bacon, G.R. Roquemore
1979, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (5) 35-48
The origin of reverse grading in air-fall pyroclastic deposits has been ascribed to: (1) changing conditions at an erupting vent; (2) deposition in water; or (3) rolling of large clasts over smaller clasts on the surface of a steep slope. Structural features in a deposit of air-fall pumice lapilli in...
Chemical and isotopic prediction of aquifer temperatures in the geothermal system at Long Valley, California
R.O. Fournier, M.L. Sorey, Robert H. Mariner, A.H. Truesdell
1979, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (5) 17-34
Temperatures of aquifers feeding thermal springs and wells in Long Valley, California, estimated using silica and Na-K-Ca geothermometers and warm spring mixing models, range from 160/dg to about 220??C. This information was used to construct a diagram showing enthalpy-chloride relations for the various thermal waters in the Long Valley region....
D/H ratios in speleothem fluid inclusions: A guide to variations in the isotopic composition of meteoric precipitation?
R.S. Harmon, H.P. Schwarcz, J. R. O’Neil
1979, Earth and Planetary Science Letters (42) 254-266
D/H ratios of fluid inclusion waters extracted from230Th/234U-dated speleothems that were originally deposited under conditions of isotopic equilibrium should provide a direct estimate of the hydrogen isotopic composition of ancient meteoric waters. We present here D/H ratios for 47 fluid inclusion...
Vector analysis of chemical variation in the lavas of Parícutin volcano, Mexico
A.T. Miesch
1979, Journal of the International Association for Mathematical Geology (11) 345-371
Compositional variations in the lavas of Parícutin volcano, Mexico, have been examined by an extended method of Q-mode factor analysis. Each sample composition is treated as a vector projected from an original eight-dimensional space into a vector system of three dimensions. The compositions represented by the vectors after projection...
Beach-cusp formation
A. H. Sallenger Jr.
1979, Marine Geology (29) 23-37
Field experiments on beach-cusp formation were undertaken to document how the cuspate form develops and to test the edge-wave hypothesis on the uniform spacing of cusps. These involved observations of cusps forming from an initially plane foreshore. The cuspate form was observed to be a product of swash modification of an...
Arsenic and fluoride in the upper madison river system: Firehole and gibbon rivers and their tributaries, yellowstone national park, wyoming, and southeast montana
J. M. Thompson
1979, Environmental Geology (3) 13-21
Chemical analyses of 21 water samples from the Firehole and Gibbon Rivers, which combine to form the Madison River, gave arsenic and fluoride values above the Environmental Protection Agency Interim Primary Drinking Water maximum contaminant levels (0.05 mg/l arsenic and 2.0 mg/l fluoride). On 18 October, 1975, during a period...
Surface faults in the gulf coastal plain between Victoria and Beaumont, Texas
Earl R. Verbeek
1979, Tectonophysics (52) 373-375
Displacement of the land surface by faulting is widespread in the Houston-Galveston region, an area which has undergone moderate to severe land subsidence associated with fluid withdrawal (principally water, and to a lesser extent, oil and gas). A causative link between subsidence and fluid extraction has been convincingly reported in...
Earthquakes near Parkfield, California: Comparing the 1934 and 1966 sequences
W. H. Bakun, T.V. McEvilly
1979, Science (205) 1375-1377
Moderate-sized earthquakes (Richter magnitude ML 5 1/2) have occurred four times this century (1901, 1922, 1934, and 1966) on the San Andreas fault near Parkfield in central California. In many respects the June 1966 sequence was a remarkably detailed repetition of the June 1934 sequence, suggesting a recurring recognizable pattern...
Modification of a commercial micrometer hanging mercury drop electrode
J. E. Bonelli, H. E. Taylor, R. K Skogerboe
1979, Analytical Chemistry (51) 2412-2413
U.S. Geological Survey...
Space, time, and the third dimension (model error)
Marshall E. Moss
1979, Water Resources Research (15) 1797-1800
The space-time tradeoff of hydrologic data collection (the ability to substitute spatial coverage for temporal extension of records or vice versa) is controlled jointly by the statistical properties of the phenomena that are being measured and by the model that is used to meld the information sources. The control exerted...
U-Th-Pb geochronology of the Massabesic Gneiss and the granite near Milford, South-Central New Hampshire: New evidence for avalonian basement and taconic and alleghenian disturbances in Eastern New England
J. N. Aleinikoff, R. E. Zartman, J.B. Lyons
1979, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology (71) 1-11
U-Th-Pb systematics for zircon and monazite from Massabesic Gneiss (paragneiss and orthogneiss) and the granite near Milford, New Hampshire, were determined. Zircon morphology suggests that the paragneiss may be volcaniclastic (igneous) in origin, and thus the age data probably record the date (minimum of 646 m.y.) at which the rock...
Major geochemical processes in the evolution of carbonate-Aquifer systems
B.B. Hanshaw, W. Back
1979, Journal of Hydrology (43) 287-312
As a result of recent advances by carbonate petrologists and geochemists, hydrologists are provided with new insights into the origin and explanation of many aquifer characteristics and hydrologic phenomena. Some major advances include the recognition that: (1) most carbonate sediments are of biological origin; (2) they have a strong bimodal...
Massive deep-sea sulphide ore deposits discovered on the East Pacific Rise
Jean Francheteau, H.D. Needham, P. Choukroune, Tierre Juteau, M. Seguret, Richard D. Ballard, P.J. Fox, William Normark, A. Carranza, D. Cordoba, J. Guerrero, C. Rangin, H. Bougault, P. Cambon, R. Hekinian
1979, Nature (277) 523-528
Massive ore-grade zinc, copper and iron sulphide deposits have been found at the axis of the East Pacific Rise. Although their presence on the deep ocean-floor had been predicted there was no supporting observational evidence. The East Pacific Rise deposits represent a modern analogue of Cyprus-type sulphide ores associated with...
A practical method of estimating standard error of age in the fission track dating method
N.M. Johnson, V.E. McGee, C. W. Naeser
1979, Nuclear Tracks (3) 93-99
A first-order approximation formula for the propagation of error in the fission track age equation is given by PA = C[P2s+P2i+P2??-2rPsPi] 1 2, where PA, Ps, Pi and P?? are the percentage error of age, of spontaneous track density, of induced track density, and of neutron dose, respectively, and C...
Solubility of some alkali and alkaline earth chlorides in water at moderate temperatures
M.A. Clynne, R.W. Potter II
1979, Journal of Chemical and Engineering Data (24) 338-340
Solubilities for the binary systems, salt-H2O, of the chlorides of lithium, rubidium, cesium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, and barium from near 0??C to the saturated boiling point are reported. The experimental data and coefficients of an equation for a smoothed curve describing each system are listed in the tables. The data...
Oil and gas in offshore tracts: Estimates before and after drilling
M.F. Uman, W.R. James, H.R. Tomlinson
1979, Science (205) 489-491
Estimates of volumes of recoverable hydrocarbons underlying offshore tracts are made by the U.S. Geological Survey prior to the sale of leases and after drilling on those leases. Comparisons of these estimates show a moderate positive correlation and no evidence for relative bias, although the precision of the predictions is...
Regional and local networks of horizontal control, Cerro Prieto geothermal area
B.L. Massey
1979, Geothermics (8) 275-281
The Cerro Prieto geothermal area in the Mexicali Valley 30 km southeast of Mexicali, Baja California, is probably deforming due to (1) the extraction of large volumes of steam and hot water, and (2) active tectonism. Two networks of precise horizontal control were established in Mexicali Valley by the U.S....
Simulation of wetlands forest vegetation dynamics
Richard L. Phipps
1979, Ecological Modelling (7) 257-288
A computer program, SWAMP, was designed to simulate the effects of flood frequency and depth to water table on southern wetlands forest vegetation dynamics. By incorporating these hydrologic characteristics into the model, forest vegetation and vegetation dynamics can be simulated. The model, based on data from the White River National...
Lunar magnetic anomalies detected by the Apollo substatellite magnetometers
L. L. Hood, P.J. Coleman Jr., C.T. Russell, D.E. Wilhelms
1979, Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors (20) 291-311
Properties of lunar crustal magnetization thus far deduced from Apollo subsatellite magnetometer data are reviewed using two of the most accurate presently available magnetic anomaly maps - one covering a portion of the lunar near side and the other a part of the far side. The largest single anomaly found...
Modeling and optimizing a gas-water reservoir: Enhanced recovery with waterflooding
M.E. Johnson, E.A. Monash, M.S. Waterman
1979, Journal of the International Association for Mathematical Geology (11) 63-74
Accepted practice dictates that waterflooding of gas reservoirs should commence, if ever, only when the reservoir pressure has declined to the minimum production pressure. Analytical proof of this hypothesis has yet to appear in the literature however. This paper considers a model for a gas-water reservoir with a variable production...
Chemical composition of Mars
J. W. Morgan, E. Anders
1979, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (43) 1601-1610
The composition of Mars has been calculated from the cosmochemical model of Ganapathy and Anders (1974) which assumes that planets and chondrites underwent the same 4 fractionation processes in the solar nebula. Because elements of similar volatility stay together in these processes, only 4 index elements (U, Fe, K and Tl or...
Dynamics of volcanic plumes on Io
A. F. Cook, E.M. Shoemaker, B.A. Smith
1979, Nature (280) 743-746
Ballistic and aerodynamic models are proposed to explain the volcanic plumes on Io, with particular reference to Plumes 1 and 3 which seem to have the same origin....
Digital model of the Bayou Bartholomew alluvial aquifer stream system, Arkansas
J.E. Reed, Matthew E. Broom
1979, Open-File Report 79-685
A digital model of the Bayou Bartholomew aquifer-stream system in Arkansas was calibrated for the purpose of predicting hydrologic responses to stresses of water development. The simulated-time span for model calibration was from 1953 to 1970, during which time the system was stressed largely by ground- and surface-water diversions for...
b values and ω−γ seismic source models: Implications for tectonic stress variations along active crustal fault zones and the estimation of high-frequency strong ground motion
Thomas C. Hanks
1979, Conference Paper
In this study the tectonic stress along active crustal fault zones is taken to be of the form , where is the average tectonic stress at depth y and Δσp(x, y) is a seismologically observable, essentially...
