Regulation of a putative corticosteroid, 17, 21-dihydroxypregn-4-ene, 3, 20-one, in sea lamprey, Petromyzon marinus
Brent W. Roberts, Wes Didier, Satbir Rai, Nicholas S. Johnson, Scot V. Libants, Sang-Seon Yun, David Close
2013, General and Comparative Endocrinology (196) 17-25
In higher vertebrates, in response to stress, the hypothalamus produces corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), which stimulates cells in the anterior pituitary to produce adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), which in turn stimulates production of either cortisol (F) or corticosterone (B) by the adrenal tissues. In lampreys, however, neither of these steroids is present....
Hyporheic zone denitrification: controls on effective reaction depth and contribution to whole-stream mass balance
Judson W. Harvey, John Karl Böhlke, Mary A. Voytek, Durelle Scott, Craig R. Tobias
2013, Water Resources Research (49) 6298-6316
Stream denitrification is thought to be enhanced by hyporheic transport but there is little direct evidence from the field. To demonstrate at a field site, we injected 15NO3−, Br (conservative tracer), and SF6 (gas exchange tracer) and compared measured whole-stream denitrification with in situ hyporheic denitrification in shallow and deeper...
Obligate brood parasites show more functionally effective innate immune responses: an eco-immunological hypothesis
D. Caldwell Hahn, Scott G. Summers, Kenneth J. Genovese, Haiqi He, Michael H. Kogut
2013, Evolutionary Biology (40) 554-561
Immune adaptations of obligate brood parasites attracted interest when three New World cowbird species (Passeriformes, Icteridae, genus Molothrus) proved unusually resistant to West Nile virus. We have used cowbirds as models to investigate the eco-immunological hypothesis that species in parasite-rich environments characteristically have enhanced immunity as a life history adaptation....
Paleomagnetic contributions to the Klamath Mountains terrane puzzle-a new piece from the Ironside Mountain batholith, northern California
Edward A. Mankinen, C. Sherman Gromme, W. Porter Irwin
2013, Tectonophysics (608) 401-407
We obtained paleomagnetic samples from six sites within the Middle Jurassic Ironside Mountain batholith (~170 Ma), which constitutes the structurally lowest part of the Western Hayfork terrane, in the Klamath Mountains province of northern California and southern Oregon. Structural attitudes measured in the coeval Hayfork Bally Meta-andesite were used...
Watershed Regressions for Pesticides (WARP) models for predicting stream concentrations of multiple pesticides
Wesley W. Stone, Charles G. Crawford, Robert J. Gilliom
2013, Journal of Environmental Quality (42) 1838-1851
Watershed Regressions for Pesticides for multiple pesticides (WARP-MP) are statistical models developed to predict concentration statistics for a wide range of pesticides in unmonitored streams. The WARP-MP models use the national atrazine WARP models in conjunction with an adjustment factor for each additional pesticide. The WARP-MP models perform best for...
Spatial ecological processes and local factors predict the distribution and abundance of spawning by steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) across a complex riverscape
Jeffrey A. Falke, Jason B. Dunham, Christopher E. Jordan, Kris M. McNyset, Gordon H. Reeves
2013, PLoS ONE (8)
Processes that influence habitat selection in landscapes involve the interaction of habitat composition and configuration and are particularly important for species with complex life cycles. We assessed the relative influence of landscape spatial processes and local habitat characteristics on patterns in the distribution and abundance of spawning steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss),...
Odor-conditioned rheotaxis of the sea lamprey: Modeling, analysis and validation
Jongeun Choi, Soo Jean, Nicholas S. Johnson, Cory O. Brant, Weiming Li
2013, Bioinspiration and Biomimetics (8)
Mechanisms for orienting toward and locating an odor source are sought in both biology and engineering. Chemical ecology studies have demonstrated that adult female sea lamprey show rheotaxis in response to a male pheromone with dichotomous outcomes: sexually mature females locate the source of the pheromone whereas immature females swim...
Detection of salt marsh vegetation stress and recovery after the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill in Barataria Bay, Gulf of Mexico using AVIRIS data
Shruti Khanna, Maria J. Santos, Susan L. Ustin, Alexander Koltunov, Raymond F. Kokaly, Dar A. Roberts
2013, PLoS ONE (8)
The British Petroleum Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill in the Gulf of Mexico was the biggest oil spill in US history. To assess the impact of the oil spill on the saltmarsh plant community, we examined Advanced Visible Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS) data flown over Barataria Bay, Louisiana in September 2010...
Factors controlling floc settling velocity along a longitudinal estuarine transect
A.J. Manning, David H. Schoellhamer
Patrick L. Barnard, Bruce E. Jaffe, David H. Schoellhamer, editor(s)
2013, Marine Geology (345) 266-280
A 147 km longitudinal transect of flocculated cohesive sediment properties in San Francisco Bay (SFB) was conducted on June 17th, 2008. Our aim was to determine the factors that control floc settling velocity along the longitudinal axis of the estuary. The INSSEV-LF video system was used to measure floc diameters...
Understanding processes controlling sediment transports at the mouth of a highly energetic inlet system (San Francisco Bay, CA)
Edwin P.L. Elias, Jeff E. Hansen
Patrick L. Barnard, Bruce E. Jaffe, David H. Schoellhamer, editor(s)
2013, Marine Geology (345) 207-220
San Francisco Bay is one of the largest estuaries along the U.S. West Coast and is linked to the Pacific Ocean through the Golden Gate, a 100 m deep bedrock inlet. A coupled wave, flow and sediment transport model is used to quantify the sediment linkages between San Francisco Bay,...
Atmospheric deposition and critical loads for nitrogen and metals in Arctic Alaska: Review and current status
Greg L. Linder, William G. Brumbaugh, Peter Neitlich, Edward Little
2013, Open Journal of Air Pollution (2) 76-99
To protect important resources under their bureau’s purview, the United States National Park Service’s (NPS) Arctic Network (ARCN) has developed a series of “vital signs” that are to be periodically monitored. One of these vital signs focuses on wet and dry deposition of atmospheric chemicals and further, the establishment of...
Constraints on the age of the Great Sand Dunes, Colorado, from subsurface stratigraphy and OSL dates
Richard F. Madole, Shannon Mahan, Joseph H. Romig, Jeremy C. Havens
2013, Quaternary Research (80) 435-446
The age of the Great Sand Dunes has been debated for nearly 150 yr. Seven ages ranging from Miocene to late Holocene have been proposed for them. This paper presents new information—chiefly subsurface stratigraphic data, OSL dates, and geomorphic evidence—that indicates that the Great Sand Dunes began to form in...
Prolonged magmatic activity on Mars inferred from the detection of felsic rocks
James J. Wray, Sarah T. Hansen, Josef Dufek, Gregg A. Swayze, Scott L. Murchie, Frank P. Seelos, John R. Skok, Rossman P. Irwin III, Mark S. Ghiorso
2013, Nature Geoscience (6) 1013-1017
Rocks dominated by the silicate minerals quartz and feldspar are abundant in Earth’s upper continental crust. Yet felsic rocks have not been widely identified on Mars, a planet that seems to lack plate tectonics and the associated magmatic processes that can produce evolved siliceous melts on Earth. If Mars once...
Chronology and provenance of last-glacial (Peoria) loess in western Iowa and paleoclimatic implications
Daniel R. Muhs, E. Arthur Bettis III, Helen M. Roberts, Stephen S. Harlan, James B. Paces, Richard L. Reynolds
2013, Quaternary Research (80) 468-481
Geologic archives show that the Earth was dustier during the last glacial period. One model suggests that increased gustiness (stronger, more frequent winds) enhanced dustiness. We tested this at Loveland, Iowa, one of the thickest deposits of last-glacial-age (Peoria) loess in the world. Based on K/Rb and Ba/Rb, loess was...
Comparing bacterial community composition between healthy and white plague-like disease states in Orbicella annularis using PhyloChip™ G3 microarrays
Christina A. Kellogg, Yvette M. Piceno, Lauren M. Tom, Todd Z. DeSantis, Michael A. Gray, David G. Zawada, Gary L. Andersen
2013, PLoS ONE (8)
Coral disease is a global problem. Diseases are typically named or described based on macroscopic changes, but broad signs of coral distress such as tissue loss or discoloration are unlikely to be specific to a particular pathogen. For example, there appear to be multiple diseases that manifest the rapid tissue...
Predicting invasion in grassland ecosystems: Is exotic dominance the real embarrassment of richness?
Eric Seabloom, Elizabeth Borer, Yvonne Buckley, Elsa E. Cleland, Kendi Davies, Jennifer Firn, W. Stanley Harpole, Yann Hautier, Eric M. Lind, Andrew MacDougall, John L. Orrock, Suzanne M. Prober, Peter Adler, Juan Alberti, T. Michael Anderson, Jonathan D. Bakker, Lori A. Biederman, Dana Blumenthal, Cynthia S. Brown, Lars A. Brudvig, Maria Caldeira, Cheng-Jin Chu, Michael J. Crawley, Pedro Daleo, Ellen Ingman Damschen, Carla M. D'Antonio, Nicole M. DeCrappeo, Chris R. Dickman, Guozhen Du, Philip A. Fay, Paul Frater, Daniel S. Gruner, Nicole Hagenah, Andrew Hector, Aveliina Helm, Helmut Hillebrand, Kirsten S. Hofmockel, Hope C. Humphries, Oscar Iribarne, Virginia L. Jin, Adam Kay, Kevin P. Kirkman, Julia A. Klein, Johannes M.H. Knops, Kimberly J. La Pierre, Laura M. Ladwig, Lambrinos, G. John, Andrew D.B. Leakey, Qi Li, Wei Li, Rebecca McCulley, Brett Melbourne, Mitchell, E. Charles, Joslin L. Moore, John Morgan, Brent Mortensen, Lydia R. O’Halloran, Meelis Pärtel, Jesus Pascual, David A. Pyke, Anita C. Risch, Roberto Salguero-Gomez, Mahesh Sankaran, Martin Schuetz, Anna Simonsen, Melinda Smith, Carly Stevens, Lauren Sullivan, Glenda M. Wardle, Elizabeth M. Wolkovich, Peter D. Wragg, Justin Wright, Louie Yang
2013, Global Change Biology (19) 3677-3687
Invasions have increased the size of regional species pools, but are typically assumed to reduce native diversity. However, global-scale tests of this assumption have been elusive because of the focus on exotic species richness, rather than relative abundance. This is problematic because low invader richness can indicate invasion resistance by...
Geophysical constraints on Rio Grande rift structure in the central San Luis Basin, Colorado and New Mexico
Benjamin J. Drenth, V. J. Grauch, Brian D. Rodriguez
2013, GSA Special Papers (494) 75-99
Interpretation of gravity, aeromagnetic, and magnetotelluric (MT) data reveals patterns of rifting, rift-sediment thicknesses, distribution of pre-rift volcanic and sedimentary rocks, and distribution of syn-rift volcanic rocks in the central San Luis...
Nitrogen cycling responses to mountain pine beetle disturbance in a high elevation whitebark pine ecosystem
Megan P. Keville, Sasha C. Reed, Cory C. Cleveland
2013, PLoS ONE (8)
Ecological disturbances can significantly affect biogeochemical cycles in terrestrial ecosystems, but the biogeochemical consequences of the extensive mountain pine beetle outbreak in high elevation whitebark pine (WbP) (Pinus albicaulis) ecosystems of western North America have not been previously investigated. Mountain pine beetle attack has driven widespread WbP mortality, which could...
Oceanographic controls on sedimentary and geochemical facies on the Peru outer shelf and upper slope
Michael A. Arthur, Walter E. Dean
2013, Open-File Report 2013-1105
Concentrations and characteristics of organic matter in surface sediments deposited under an intense oxygen-minimum zone (OMZ) on the Peru margin were mapped and studied in samples from deck-deployed box cores and push cores acquired by submersible on two east-west transects spanning depths of 75 to 1,000 meters (m) at 12°S...
Bayes and empirical Bayes estimators of abundance and density from spatial capture-recapture data
Robert M. Dorazio
2013, PLoS ONE (8)
In capture-recapture and mark-resight surveys, movements of individuals both within and between sampling periods can alter the susceptibility of individuals to detection over the region of sampling. In these circumstances spatially explicit capture-recapture (SECR) models, which incorporate the observed locations of individuals, allow population density and abundance to be estimated...
Rangewide glaciation in the Sierra Nevada, California
James G. Moore, Barry C. Moring
2013, Geosphere (9) 1804-1818
The 600-km-long Sierra Nevada underwent extensive Pleistocene glaciation except for its southernmost 100 km. Presently, ∼1700 small glaciers and ice masses near the crest of the range occur above 3250 m in elevation; these covered an area of ∼50 km2 in 1972. Fourteen of the largest glaciers decreased by about one...
Inferring the relative resilience of alternative states
David G. Angeler, Craig R. Allen, Carmen Rojo, Miguel Alvarez-Cobelas, Maria A. Rodrigo, Salvador Sanchez-Carrillo
2013, PLoS ONE (8)
Ecological systems may occur in alternative states that differ in ecological structures, functions and processes. Resilience is the measure of disturbance an ecological system can absorb before changing states. However, how the intrinsic structures and processes of systems that characterize their states affects their resilience remains unclear. We analyzed time...
A model of strength
Douglas H. Johnson, R.D. Cook
2013, Science (342) 192-193
In her AAAS News & Notes piece "Can the Southwest manage its thirst?" (26 July, p. 362), K. Wren quotes Ajay Kalra, who advocates a particular method for predicting Colorado River streamflow "because it eschews complex physical climate models for a statistical data-driven modeling approach." A preference for data-driven models...
Previously unrecognized regional structure of the Coastal Belt of the Franciscan Complex, northern California, revealed by magnetic data
Victoria E. Langenheim, Robert C. Jachens, Carl M. Wentworth, Robert J. McLaughlin
2013, Geosphere (9) 1-17
Magnetic anomalies provide surprising structural detail within the previously undivided Coastal Belt, the westernmost, youngest, and least-metamorphosed part of the Franciscan Complex of northern California. Although the Coastal Belt consists almost entirely of arkosic graywacke and shale of mainly Eocene age, new detailed aeromagnetic data show that it is pervasively...
Lake shoreline in the contiguous United States: Quantity, distribution and sensitivity to observation resolution
Luke A. Winslow, Jordan S. Read, Paul C. Hanson, Emily H. Stanley
2013, Freshwater Biology
1. Quantifying lake biogeochemical processing at broad spatial scales requires that we scale processes along with physical metrics. Past work has primarily scaled lentic processes using estimates of lake surface area. However, many processes important to lakes, such as material, energy and biological fluxes and biogeochemical cycling, scale with lake...
