Using machine learning to improve predictions and provide insight into fluvial sediment transport
J. William Lund, Joel T. Groten, Diana L. Karwan, Chad Babcock
2022, Hydrological Processes (36)
A thorough understanding of fluvial sediment transport is critical to addressing many environmental concerns such as exacerbated flooding, degradation of aquatic habitat, excess nutrients, and the economic challenges of restoring aquatic systems. Fluvial sediment samples are integral for addressing these environmental concerns but cannot be collected at every river and...
The effects of prolonged drought on vegetation dieback and megafires in southern California chaparral
Jon Keeley, Theresa J Brennan-Kane, Alexandra D. Syphard
2022, Ecosphere (13)
Drought contributed to extensive dieback of southern California chaparral, and normalized difference vegetation index before drought and near the end of the drought was used to estimate this dieback, after accounting for other disturbances recorded in aerial photographs. Within the perimeters of two megafires that occurred after the drought, the...
Simplifying complex fault data for systems-level analysis: Earthquake geology inputs for U.S. NSHM 2023
Alexandra Elise Hatem, Camille Marie Collett, Richard W. Briggs, Ryan D. Gold, Stephen J. Angster, Edward H. Field, Peter M. Powers, Earthquake Geology Working Group
2022, Scientific Data (9)
As part of the U.S. National Seismic Hazard Model (NSHM) update planned for 2023, two databases were prepared to more completely represent Quaternary-active faulting across the western United States: the NSHM23 fault sections database (FSD) and earthquake geology database (EQGeoDB). In prior iterations of NSHM, fault...
Open removal models with temporary emigration and population dynamics to inform invasive animal management
Bradley Udell, Julien Martin, Christina Romagosa, J. Hardin Waddle, Fred Johnson, Bryan Falk, Amy A. Yackel Adams, Sarah Funck, Jennifer Ketterlin Eckles, Eric Suarez, Frank Mazzotti
2022, Ecology and Evolution (12)
Removal sampling data are the primary source of monitoring information for many populations (e.g., invasive species, fisheries). Population dynamics, temporary emigration, and imperfect detection are common sources of variation in monitoring data and are key parameters for informing management. We developed two open robust-design removal models for simultaneously modeling population...
Long-term impacts of impervious surface cover change and roadway deicing agent application on chloride concentrations in exurban and suburban watersheds
Marissa L. Rossi, Peleg Kremer, Charles A. Cravotta III, Krista E. Scheirer, Steven T. Goldsmith
2022, Science of the Total Environment (851)
Roadway deicing agents, including rock salt and brine containing NaCl, have had a profound impact on the water quality and aquatic health of rivers and streams in urbanized areas with temperate climates. Yet, few studies evaluate impacts to watersheds characterized by relatively low impervious surface cover (ISC; < 15 %). Here, we use long-term (1997-2019),...
Seismometer records of ground tilt induced by debris flows
Michaela Wenner, Kate E. Allstadt, Weston Thelen, Andrew Lockhart, Jacob Hirschberg, Brian W. McArdell, Fabian Walter
2022, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (112) 2376-2395
A change in surface loading causes the Earth’s surface to deform. Mass movements, such as debris flows, can cause a tilt large enough to be recorded by nearby instruments, but the signal is strongly dependent on the mass loading and subsurface parameters. Specifically designed sensors for such measurements (tiltmeters) are...
Stress heterogeneity as a driver of aseismic slip during the 2011 Prague, Oklahoma aftershock sequence
Kristina Okamoto, Heather Savage, Elizabeth S. Cochran, Katie M. Keranen
2022, Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth (127)
The interaction of aseismic and seismic slip before and after an earthquake is fundamental for both earthquake nucleation and postseismic stress relaxation. However, it can be difficult to determine where and when aseismic slip occurs within the seismogenic zone because geodetic techniques are limited to detecting moderate to large slip...
Geologic map of MTM −10022 and −15022 quadrangles, Morava Valles and Margaritifer basin, Mars
Sharon A. Wilson, John A. Grant, Kevin K. Williams
2022, Scientific Investigations Map 3489
The landscape in Mars Transverse Mercator (MTM) −10022 and −15022 quadrangles (lat −7.5° N. to −17.5° N. between long 335° E. and 340° E.) in Margaritifer Terra preserves a record of sedimentary and alluvial deposits, volcanic and tectonic structures, and erosional landforms that record a long and complex geologic and...
Vote-processing rules for combining control recommendations from multiple models
William J.M. Probert, Sam Nicol, Matthew J. Ferrari, Shou-Li Li, Katriona Shea, Michael J. Tildesley, Michael C. Runge
2022, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences (380)
Mathematical modelling is used during disease outbreaks to compare control interventions. Using multiple models, the best method to combine model recommendations is unclear. Existing methods weight model projections, then rank control interventions using the combined projections, presuming model outputs are directly comparable. However, the way each model represents the epidemiological...
Vote-processing rules for combining control recommendations from multiple models
William JM Probert, Sam Nicol, Matthew J. Ferrari, Shou-Li Li, Katriona Shea, Michael J. Tildesley, Michael C. Runge
2022, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences (380)
Mathematical modelling is used during disease outbreaks to compare control interventions. Using multiple models, the best method to combine model recommendations is unclear. Existing methods weight model projections, then rank control interventions using the combined projections, presuming model outputs are directly comparable. However, the way each model represents the epidemiological...
Deep and machine learning image classification of coastal wetlands using unpiloted aircraft system multispectral images and lidar datasets
Ali Gonzalez Perez, Amr Abd-Elrahman, Benjamin Wilkinson, Daniel J. Johnson, Raymond Carthy
2022, Remote Sensing (14)
The recent developments of new deep learning architectures create opportunities to accurately classify high-resolution unoccupied aerial system (UAS) images of natural coastal systems and mandate continuous evaluation of algorithm performance. We evaluated the performance of the U-Net and DeepLabv3 deep convolutional network architectures and two traditional machine learning techniques (support...
Brittle faulting at elevated temperature and vanishing effective stress
Nicholas M. Beeler
2022, JGR Solid Earth (127)
If brittle fault strength depends only on friction, slip instability is discouraged at low effective normal stress, σ. Stress drop and the critical stiffness necessary for unstable sliding both vanish with σ; small earthquakes cannot occur. Very low σ is inferred in the source region of low-frequency earthquakes (LFEs) on the San Andreas fault...
Natural and anthropogenic landscape factors shape functional connectivity of an ecological specialist in urban Southern California
Sarah M Wenner, Melanie A. Murphy, Kathleen Semple Delaney, Gregory B. Pauly, Jonathan Q. Richmond, Robert N. Fisher, Jeanne M. Robertson
2022, Molecular Ecology (31) 5214-5230
Identifying how natural (i.e., unaltered by human activity) and anthropogenic landscape variables influence contemporary functional connectivity in terrestrial organisms can elucidate the genetic consequences of environmental change. We examine population genetic structure and functional connectivity among populations of a declining species, the Blainville's horned lizard (Phrynosoma...
Impacts of the ocean-atmosphere coupling into the very short range prediction system during the impact of Hurricane Matthew on Cuba
Liset Vazquez Proveyer, Maibys Sierra Lorenzo, Roberto Carlos Cruz Rodriguez, John C. Warner
2022, Ciência e Natura (44)
The main goal of this investigation is analyzing the impact of insert the ocean-atmosphere coupling into the very short range prediction system of Cuba. The ocean-atmosphere coupled components of the Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere-Wave-Sediment Transport Modeling System are used for this purpose and the hurricane Matthew is selected as study case....
Quantifying large-scale surface change using SAR amplitude images: Crater morphology changes during the 2019-2020 Shishaldin Volcano eruption
Mario Angarita, Ronni Grapenthin, Simon Plank, Franz Meyer, Hannah R. Dietterich
2022, Journal of Geophysical Research - Solid Earth (127)
Morphological processes often induce meter-scale elevation changes. When a volcano erupts, tracking such processes provides insights into the style and evolution of eruptive activity and related hazards. Compared to optical remote-sensing products, synthetic aperture radar (SAR) observes surface change during inclement weather and at night. Differential SAR...
In hot water? Patterns of macroinvertebrate abundance in Arctic thaw ponds and relationships with environmental variables
Kirsty E. B. Gurney, Joshua C. Koch, Joel A. Schmutz, J. H. Schmidt, Mark S. Wipfli
2022, Freshwater Biology (67) 1832-1844
Ongoing environmental change across the Arctic is affecting many freshwater ecosystems, including small thaw ponds that support macroinvertebrates, thus potentially affecting important forage for fish and bird species. To accurately predict how fish and wildlife that depend on these macroinvertebrates will be affected by ecosystem change at high latitudes,...
Using paleoecological data to inform decision making: A deep-time perspective
Harry J. Dowsett, Peter Jacobs, Kim de Mutsert
2022, Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution (10)
Latest climate models project conditions for the end of this century that are generally outside of the human experience. These future conditions affect the resilience and sustainability of ecosystems, alter biogeographic zones, and impact biodiversity. Deep-time records of paleoclimate provide insight into the climate system over millions of years and...
Growth and survival rates of dispersing free embryos and settled larvae of pallid sturgeon (Scaphirhynchus albus) in the Missouri River, Montana and North Dakota
Patrick Braaten, R.J. Holm, J. A. Powell, E.J. Heist, Amy C. Buhman, Colt Taylor Holley, Aaron J. DeLonay, T.M. Haddix, R.H. Wilson, R. B. Jacobson
2022, Environmental Biology of Fishes (105) 993-1014
We released nearly 1.0 million 1-day post-hatch (dph) and 5-dph pallid sturgeon (Scaphirhynchus albus) free embryos in the Missouri River on 1 July 2019 and sequentially captured survivors at multiple sites through a 240-km river reach to quantify daily growth and survival rates during the early life stages. Genetic analysis...
One shell of a problem: Cumulative threat analysis of male sea turtles indicates high anthropogenic threat for migratory individuals and Gulf of Mexico residents
Micah Ashford, James I. Watling, Kristen Hart
2022, Remote Sensing (14)
Human use of oceans has dramatically increased in the 21st century. Sea turtles are vulnerable to anthropogenic stressors in the marine environment because of lengthy migrations between foraging and breeding sites, often along coastal migration corridors. Little is known about how movement and threat interact specifically for...
Effects of an early mass-flowering crop on wild bee communities and traits in power line corridors vary with blooming plants and landscape context
Brianne Du Clos, Francis A. Drummond, Cyndy Loftin
2022, Landscape Ecology (37) 2619-2634
ContextPower line corridors have been repeatedly assessed as habitat for wild bees; however, few studies have examined them as bee habitat relative to nearby crop fields and surrounding landscape context.ObjectivesWe surveyed bee communities in power line corridors near to and isolated from lowbush blueberry fields in...
Tracking geomorphic changes after suburban development with a high density of green stormwater infrastructure practices in Montgomery County, Maryland
Brianna Williams, Kristina G. Hopkins, Marina J. Metes, Daniel K. Jones, Stephanie E. Gordon, William B. Hamilton
2022, Geomorphology (414)
Stream morphology is affected by changes on the surrounding landscape. Understanding the effects of urbanization on stream morphology is a critical factor for land managers to maintain and improve vulnerable stream corridors in urbanizing landscapes. Stormwater practices are used in urban landscapes to...
Sedimentological and geochemical perspectives on a marginal lake environment recorded in the Hartmann’s Valley and Karasburg members of the Murray formation, Gale crater, Mars
Samantha Gwizd, Christopher M. Fedo, John P. Grotzinger, Steven G. Banham, Frances Rivera-Hernandez, Kathryn M. Stack, Kirsten L. Siebach, Michael T. Thorpe, Lucy Thompson, Catherine O’Connell-Cooper, Nathan Stein, Lauren A. Edgar, Sanjeev Gupta, David M. Rubin, Dawn Sumner, Ashwin R. Vasavada
2022, Journal of Geophysical Research Planets (127)
This study utilizes instruments from the Curiosity rover payload to develop an integrated paleoenvironmental and compositional reconstruction for the 65-m thick interval of stratigraphy comprising the Hartmann's Valley and Karasburg members of the Murray formation, Gale crater, Mars. The stratigraphy consists of cross-stratified sandstone (Facies 1), planar-laminated...
Navigating the space between policy and practice: Toward a typology of collaborators in a federal land management agency
Nina Burkardt, Rebecca Thomas
2022, Society and Natural Resources (35) 1333-1351
Navigating the space between policy and on-the-ground natural resource management presents unique challenges. We interviewed 22 U.S. Bureau of Land Management Field Office Managers to understand their perceptions toward, and applications of, collaboration with public and private stakeholders. Interviews were transcribed and open-coded using qualitative data analysis software....
Bathymetry retrieval from CubeSat image sequences with short time lags
Milad Niroumand-Jadidi, Carl J. Legleiter, Francesca Bovolo
2022, International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation (112)
The rapid expansion of CubeSat constellations could revolutionize the way inland and nearshore coastal waters are monitored from space. This potential stems from the ability of CubeSats to provide daily imagery with global coverage at meter-scale spatial resolution. In this study, we...
A model to assess industry vulnerability to disruptions in mineral commodity supplies
Ross Manley, Elisa Alonso, Nedal T. Nassar
2022, Resources Policy (78)
Mineral commodity supply disruptions have the potential to ripple through and impact the economy in many ways. Industrial vulnerability is a crucial component of mineral commodity criticality tools as it provides guidance on the economic importance of these commodities to regional criticality indices. Using an economic model that links mineral commodity end-use data to...
