Ground-water resources of the Clatsop Plains sand-dune area, Clatsop County, Oregon
F. J. Frank
1970, Water Supply Paper 1899-A
Although the average annual precipitation of the Clatsop Plains is 78.5 inches, the area is not without problems of water supply. The Clatsop Plains area ix underlain by Tertiary bedrock of low permeability that stores and yields small quantities of ground water, which may be of poor chemical quality. This...
A proposed streamflow-data program for Montana
F. C. Boner, G.W. Buswell
1970, Open-File Report 70-33
An evaluation of the streamflow data available in Montana was made to provide guidelines for planning future programs. The basic steps in the evaluation procedures were (1) definition of the long-term goals of the streamflow data program, (2) examination and analysis of all available data to determine which goals have...
The Alaska earthquake, March 27, 1964: Lessons and conclusions
Edwin B. Eckel
1970, Professional Paper 546
One of the greatest earthquakes of all time struck south-central Alaska on March 27, 1964. Strong motion lasted longer than for most recorded earthquakes, and more land surface was dislocated, vertically and horizontally, than by any known previous temblor. Never before were so many effects on earth processes and on...
Water resources of the River Rouge basin, southeastern Michigan
R. L. Knutilla
1970, Hydrologic Atlas 356
The River Rouge basin is characterized by moderately hilly topography to the northwest graduating to a relatively level land surface to the south east.Stream gradients near the northwestern basin divide are relatively steep; but many become more steep in reaches where they cross beach lines of former glacial lakes. In...
A continuing program for estimating ground-water pumpage in California--Methods
William Ogilbee, Hugh T. Mitten
1970, Open-File Report 70-246
Municipal and agricultural ground-water pumpage is being estimated for the principal ground-water basins in California. Because of its anticipated use in analog or digital hydrologic models, agricultural pumpage is estimated for unit areas.Estimated municipal pumpage is based on census figures and population projections and on pumpage reported by organizations in...
A modified streamflow-data program for New Jersey
J.E. McCall, A.C. Lendo
1970, Open-File Report 70-205
Chemical and biological conditions in Bald Eagle Creek and prognosis of trophic characteristics of Foster Joseph Sayers Reservoir, Centre County, Pennsylvania
Herbert N. Flippo Jr.
1970, Open-File Report 71-109
Foster Joseph Sayers. Reservoir will b.e impounded on moderately fertile soils; however, its water source, Bald Eagle Creek, is a bicarbonate-water stream that is over~y-enriched with nutrients. About 650 of the 1,730 acres to be inundated in summer are subject to infestation with aquatic weeds. Nuisance algal "blooms" are expected...
Effects of the earthquake of March 27, 1964, on the Alaska Railroad
David S. McCulloch, Manuel G. Bonilla
1970, Professional Paper 545-D
In the 1964 Alaska earthquake, the federally owned Alaska Railroad sustained damage of more than $35 million: 54 percent of the cost for port facilities; 25 percent, roadbed and track; 9 percent, buildings and utilities; 7 percent, bridges and culverts; and 5 percent, landslide removal. Principal causes of damage were:...
Late Miocene nonmarine diatoms from the Kilgore area, Cherry County, Nebraska
G.W. Andrews
1970, Professional Paper 683-A
The Valentine Formation of A. L. Lugn, which is of late Miocene and early Pliocene age, contains diatomaceous and plant-bearing sediments at a locality on the north bluff of the Niobrara River, about 10 miles south of Kilgore, Cherry County, Nebr. The fossil flora has been studied by H. D....
Preliminary digital model studies of the Rio Aconcagua Valley, Chile
O. James Taylor
1970, Open-File Report 71-278
A proposed streamflow-data program for Utah
G.L. Whitaker
1970, Open-File Report 71-322
An evaluation of the streamflow data available in Utah was made to provide guidelines for planning future programs. The basic steps in the evaluation procedure were (1) definition of the long- term goals of the streamflow-data program in quantitative form, (2) examination and analysis of all available data to determine...
Test of airborne fluorometer over land surfaces and geologic materials
George Eimert Stoertz, William R. Hemphill
1970, Open-File Report 70-316
Response of an experimental Fraunhofer line discriminator(FLD) to a wide range of surficial deposits common in deserts and semideserts was tested in the laboratory and from an 1-1-19 helicopter. By design the instrument sensed radiation from the ground specifically at the sodium D2 Fraunhofer line (5890 angstroms). It is capable...
Feasibility of surveying pesticide coverage with airborne fluorometer
George Eimert Stoertz, William R. Hemphill
1970, Open-File Report 70-315
Response of a Fraunhofer line discriminator (FLD) to varying distributions of granulated corncobs stained with varying concentrations of Rhodamine WT dye was tested on the ground and from an H-19 helicopter. By design the instrument detected fluorescence specifically at the sodium D2 Fraunhofer line (5890 angstroms). The granules are used...
Geologic evaluation of 3-5 micrometer infrared imagery and color photography in southern Utah
Robert J. Hackman, Paul L. Williams
1970, Open-File Report 71-140
A comparison of 3-5 micrometer, afternoon and midnight infrared (IR) imagery and color photography with conventional aerial photography shows that IR imagery and color photography have some unique capabilities. In general, the IR imagery provides in shades of gray a record of the relative ground temperature at the time the...
Estimates of the mechanical properties of lunar surface using tracks and secondary impact craters produced by blocks and boulders
H. J. Moore
1970, Open-File Report 70-229
Estimates of bearing capacities of lunar surfaces using tracks and secondary impact craters produced by blocks and boulders shown in photographs taken by Lunar Orbiters II and III are the same order of magnitude as those reported by the Surveyor project, but they are generally less. Static analyses of 48 lunar...
Schmidt hammer test method for field determination of physical properties of zeolitized tuff
John R. Ege, Danny R. Miller, Walter Danilchik
1970, Open-File Report 70-117
The L-type Schmidt hammer is a hand-carried impact instrument that was originally designed and developed to test the compressive strength of concrete. When properly impacted against a stiff material the device measures the amount of rebound of a spring-loaded hammer, with the rebound of the hammer being directly proportional to...
Color infrared film as a negative material
Robert W. Pease
1970, Remote Sensing of Environment (1) 195-198
Original problems encountered in endeavors to use color infraredfilm as a negative material have been overcome by a simple modification in processing. This makes more feasible the production of infrared color prints for field use and yields an infrared counterpart to Aero-Neg....
Interstitial water studies on small core samples, Deep Sea Drilling Project, Leg 5
F.T. Manheim, K.M. Chan, F.L. Sayles
1970, Initial reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project (5) 501-511
Leg 5 samples fall into two categories with respect to interstitial water composition: 1) rapidly deposited terrigenous or appreciably terrigenous deposits, such as in Hole 35 (western Escanaba trough, off Cape Mendocino, California); and, 2) slowly deposited pelagic clays and biogenic muds and oozes. Interstitial waters in the former show...
Geochemical balance of a small watershed and its geomorphic implications
E.T. Cleaves, A.E. Godfrey, O.P. Bricker
1970, Geological Society of America Bulletin (81) 3015-3032
A detailed input-output study of a small forested watershed draining the Wissahickon Formation in the Piedmont of Maryland revealed that chemical solution is five times as effective in removing material as is mechanical erosion. Solution weathering removes 16.9 tons/sq mi/yr of material compared with 3.2 tons/sq mi/yr by mechanical erosion....
A linear programming and least squares computer method for solving petrologic mixing problems
Thomas L. Wright, Patrick C. Doherty
1970, GSA Bulletin (81) 1995-2008
Problems of petrologic mixing have been solved using a two-stage computer-based calculation. First, linear programming is used to obtain an approximate solution and to identify non-negative solution values. Then a conventional least squares calculation is performed using the analyses represented by non-negative solution values as input to yield an optimum...
Mechanism of the Chilean Earthquakes of May 21 and 22, 1960
George Plafker, James C. Savage
1970, GSA Bulletin (81) 1001-1030
The Chilean earthquake sequence of May 21–22, 1960, was accompanied by linear zones of tectonic warping, including both uplift and subsidence relative to sea level. The region involved is more than 200 km wide and about 1000 km long, and lies along the continental margin between latitude 37° and 48°...
Distribution of silver and copper in placer gold derived from the northeastern part of the Colorado Mineral Belt
George A. Desborough, William H. Raymond, Paula J. Iagmin
1970, Economic Geology (65) 937-944
Placer gold grains from the modern streams originating in the Colorado Mineral Belt were examined for silver and copper content on a quantitative basis utilizing the electron microprobe. The variation among grains from a particular locality is large, but the mean silver content of the...
Age of the Morton and Montevideo gneisses and related rocks, southwestern Minnesota
S. S. Goldich, C. E. Hedge, T. W. Stern
1970, Bulletin of the Geological Society of America (81) 3671-3695
Granitic gneisses in the vicinities of Morton and Montevideo in the Minnesota River Valley are dated at 3550 m.y. ago and are the oldest rocks so far found in North America. The gneisses were altered in varying degree by younger events of which two have been dated at 2650 m.y....
Similarities, differences, and some genetic problems of the Wyoming and Colorado plateau types of uranium deposits in sandstone
R. P. Fischer
1970, Economic Geology (65) 778-784
Uranium deposits of the Wyoming roll type and the Colorado Plateau peneconcordant type are the principal domestic resources of uranium. Both types occur in lenticular sandstone beds of continental origin, have a similar suite of elements and minerals, are associated with mildly altered rock, and...
Determining parameters for populations by using structural models
Charles J. Henny, W.S. Overton, H. M. Wight
1970, Journal of Wildlife Management (34) 690-703
A method for calculating parameters necessary to maintain stable populations is described and the management implications of the method are discussed. This method depends upon knowledge of the population mortality rate schedule, the age at which the species reaches maturity, and recruitment rates or age ratios in the population....
