Habitat and prey availability attributes associated with juvenile and early adult pallid sturgeon occurrence in the Missouri River, USA
Bryan D. Spindler, Steven R. Chipps, Robert A. Klumb, Brian D. S. Graeb, Michael C. Wimberly
2012, Endangered Species Research (16) 225-234
The pallid sturgeon Scaphirhynchus albus is a federally endangered species native to the Missouri and lower Mississippi Rivers, USA. As part of recovery efforts, over 360000 pallid sturgeon have been stocked into the Missouri River since 1994, and a standardized, long-term monitoring program was initiated in 2003. Understanding the distribution...
ViscoSim Earthquake Simulator
Frederick Pollitz
2012, Seismological Research Letters (83) 979-982
Synthetic seismicity simulations have been explored by the Southern California Earthquake Center (SCEC) Earthquake Simulators Group in order to guide long‐term forecasting efforts related to the Unified California Earthquake Rupture Forecast (Tullis et al., 2012a). In this study I describe the viscoelastic earthquake simulator (ViscoSim) of Pollitz, 2009. Recapitulating...
Stress imparted by the great 2004 Sumatra earthquake shut down transforms and activated rifts up to 400 km away in the Andaman Sea
Volkan Sevilgen, Ross S. Stein, Fred F. Pollitz
2012, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (109) 15152-15156
The origin and prevalence of triggered seismicity and remote aftershocks are under debate. As a result, they have been excluded from probabilistic seismic hazard assessment and aftershock hazard notices. The 2004 M = 9.2 Sumatra earthquake altered seismicity in the Andaman backarc rift-transform system. Here we show that over a 300-km-long largely...
Climate variability during the Medieval Climate Anomaly and Little Ice Age based on ostracod faunas and shell geochemistry from Biscayne Bay, Florida
Thomas M. Cronin, G. Lynn Wingard, Gary S. Dwyer, Peter K. Swart, Debra A. Willard, Jessica Albietz
2012, Book chapter, Ostracoda as proxies for quaternary climate change
An 800-year-long environmental history of Biscayne Bay, Florida, is reconstructed from ostracod faunal and shell geochemical (oxygen, carbon isotopes, Mg/Ca ratios) studies of sediment cores from three mudbanks in the central and southern parts of the bay. Using calibrations derived from analyses of modern Biscayne and Florida Bay ostracods, palaeosalinity...
An application and extension of the constraints–effects–mitigation model to Minnesota waterfowl hunting
Susan A. Schroeder, David C. Fulton, Jeffrey S. Lawrence, Steven D. Cordts
2012, Human Dimensions of Wildlife (17) 174-192
This study extends modeling work on the leisure constraint negotiation process from physically active leisure and celebrity fandom to hunting. We test a model derived from the constraints–effects–mitigation model of leisure participation. The model is examined in the context of continued Minnesota waterfowl hunting among a sample of Minnesota residents...
Nutrient and algal responses to winterkilled fish-derived nutrient subsidies in eutrophic lakes
Casey W. Schoenebeck, Michael L. Brown, Steven R. Chipps, David R. German
2012, Lake and Reservoir Management (28) 189-199
Fishes inhabiting shallow, glacial lakes of the Prairie Pothole Region in the United States and Canada periodically experience hypoxia in severe winters that can lead to extensive fish mortality resulting in high biomasses of dead fish. However, the role of carcass-derived nutrient subsidies in shallow, eutrophic lakes translocated to pelagic...
Adding the ocean to the study of seabirds: A brief history of at-sea seabird research
David G. Ainley, Christine A. Ribic, Eric J. Woehler
2012, Marine Ecology Progress Series (451) 231-243
We review the history of how research directed towards marine ornithology has led to an appreciation of seabirds as highly specialized marine organisms. Beginning with R. C. Murphy (Pacific), V. C. Wynne-Edwards (Atlantic), and associates in the early 1900s, the research approach grew from an emphasis on seabird single-species ecology...
Has the magnitude of floods across the USA changed with global CO2 levels?
Robert M. Hirsch, Karen R. Ryberg
2012, Hydrological Sciences Journal (57) 1-9
Statistical relationships between annual floods at 200 long-term (85–127 years of record) streamgauges in the coterminous United States and the global mean carbon dioxide concentration (GMCO2) record are explored. The streamgauge locations are limited to those with little or no regulation or urban development. The coterminous US is divided into...
The Neoacadian orogenic core of the souther Appalachians: A geo-traverse through the migmatitic inner Piedmont from the Brushy Mountains to Lincolnton, North Carolina
Arthur J. Merschat, Robert D. Hatcher Jr., Heather E. Byars, G. Williams
Martha Cary Eppes, Mervin J. Bartholomew, editor(s)
2012, Book chapter, From the Blue Ridge to the coastal plain: Field excursions in the southeastern United States
The Inner Piedmont extends from North Carolina to Alabama and comprises the Neoacadian (360–345 Ma) orogenic core of the southern Appalachian orogen. Bordered to west by the Blue Ridge and the exotic Carolina superterrane to the east, the Inner Piedmont is cored by an extensive region of migmatitic, sillimanite-grade rocks....
Building on crossvalidation for increasing the quality of geostatistical modeling
Ricardo A. Olea
2012, Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment (26) 73-82
The random function is a mathematical model commonly used in the assessment of uncertainty associated with a spatially correlated attribute that has been partially sampled. There are multiple algorithms for modeling such random functions, all sharing the requirement of specifying various parameters that have critical influence on the results. The...
Effects of suture material and ultrasonic transmitter size on survival, growth, wound healing, and tag expulsion in rainbow trout
Tomas J. Ivasauskas, Phillip William Bettoli, T. Holt
2012, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (141) 100-106
We examined the effects of suture material (braided silk versus Monocryl) and relative ultrasonic transmitter size on healing, growth, mortality, and tag retention in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss. In experiment 1, 40 fish (205–281 mm total length [TL], 106–264 g) were implanted with Sonotronics IBT‐96–2 (23 × 7 mm; weight in...
Soil C and N patterns in a semiarid piñon-juniper woodland: Topography of slope and ephemeral channels add to canopy-intercanopy heterogeneity
Darin J. Law, David D. Breshears, Michael H. Ebinger, Clifton W. Meyer, Craig D. Allen
2012, Journal of Arid Environments (79) 20-24
Carbon and nitrogen are crucial to semiarid woodlands, determining decomposition, production and redistribution of water and nutrients. Carbon and nitrogen are often greater beneath canopies than intercanopies. Upslope vs. downslope position and ephemeral channels might also cause variation in C and N. Yet, few studies have simultaneously evaluated spatial variation...
Climate change and human health: Spatial modeling of water availability, malnutrition, and livelihoods in Mali, Africa
Marta M. Jankowska, David Lopez-Carr, Chris Funk, Gregory J. Husak, Z.A. Chafe
2012, Applied Geography (33) 4-15
This study develops a novel approach for projecting climate trends in the Sahel in relation to shifting livelihood zones and health outcomes. Focusing on Mali, we explore baseline relationships between temperature, precipitation, livelihood, and malnutrition in 407 Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) clusters with a total of 14,238 children, resulting...
Climate model simulations of the mid-Pliocene: Earth's last great interval of global warmth
A.M. Dolan, A.M. Haywood, H.J. Dowsett
2012, Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union (93) 18-18
Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project Workshop; Reston, Virginia, 2–4 August 2011 The Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project (PlioMIP), supported by the U.S. Geological Survey's (USGS) Pliocene Research, Interpretation and Synoptic Mapping (PRISM) project and Powell Center, is an integral part of a third iteration of the Paleoclimate Modelling Intercomparison Project (PMIP3). PlioMIP's...
Trophic cascades linking wolves (Canis lupus), coyotes (Canis latrans), and small mammals
B.J. Miller, H.J. Harlow, T.S. Harlow, D. Biggins, W. J. Ripple
2012, Canadian Journal of Zoology (90) 70-78
When large carnivores are extirpated from ecosystems that evolved with apex predators, these systems can change at the herbivore and plant trophic levels. Such changes across trophic levels are called cascading effects and they are very important to conservation. Studies on the effects of reintroduced wolves in Yellowstone National Park...
Community-level response of fishes and aquatic macroinvertebrates to stream restoration in a third-order tributary of the Potomac River, USA
S.M. Selego, C.L. Rose, G.T. Merovich Jr., Stuart A. Welsh, James T. Anderson
2012, International Journal of Ecology (2012)
Natural stream channel design principles and riparian restoration practices were applied during spring 2010 to an agriculturally impaired reach of the Cacapon River, a tributary of the Potomac River which flows into the Chesapeake Bay. Aquatic macroinvertebrates and fishes were sampled from the restoration reach, two degraded control, and two...
Variation in reproductive life history traits between two populations of Blackbanded Darters (Percina nigrofasciata)
Myra C. Hughey, David C. Heins, Howard L. Jelks, Bridget A. Ory, Frank Jordan
2012, Copeia (4) 714-721
We examined the life history of Blackbanded Darters (Percina nigrofasciata) from two streams in the Choctawhatchee River drainage, Florida, over a three-year study period. Blackbanded Darters from Turkey Creek were longer than fish from Ten Mile Creek; however, size-adjusted clutch and egg sizes were similar between populations. Larger females produced...
Mineral resource of the month: manganese
Lisa A. Corathers
2012, Earth (57) 23-23
Manganese is a silver-colored metal resembling iron and often found in conjunction with iron. The earliest-known human use of manganese compounds was in the Stone Age, when early humans used manganese dioxide as pigments in cave paintings. In ancient Rome and Egypt, people started using it to color or remove...
Effects of Bromus tectorum invasion on microbial carbon and nitrogen cycling in two adjacent undisturbed arid grassland communities
Sean M. Schaeffer, Susan E. Ziegler, Jayne Belnap, R.D. Evans
2012, Biogeochemistry (111) 427-441
Soil nitrogen (N) is an important component in maintaining ecosystem stability, and the introduction of non-native plants can alter N cycling by changing litter quality and quantity, nutrient uptake patterns, and soil food webs. Our goal was to determine the effects of Bromus tectorum (C3) invasion on soil microbial N...
Reproductive endocrine disruption in smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu) in the Potomac River basin: spatial and temporal comparisons of biological effects
Vicki Blazer, Luke R. Iwanowicz, Holly Henderson, Patricia M. Mazik, Jill A. Jenkins, David A. Alvarez, John A. Young
2012, Environmental Monitoring and Assessment (184) 4309-4334
A high prevalence of intersex or testicular oocytes (TO) in male smallmouth bass within the Potomac River drainage has raised concerns as to the health of the river. Studies were conducted to document biomarker responses both temporally and spatially to better understand the influence of normal physiological cycles, as well...
Multi-gauge Calibration for modeling the Semi-Arid Santa Cruz Watershed in Arizona-Mexico Border Area Using SWAT
Rewati Niraula, Laura A. Norman, Thomas Meixner, James B. Callegary
2012, Air, Soil and Water Research (2012) 41-57
In most watershed-modeling studies, flow is calibrated at one monitoring site, usually at the watershed outlet. Like many arid and semi-arid watersheds, the main reach of the Santa Cruz watershed, located on the Arizona-Mexico border, is discontinuous for most of the year except during large flood events, and therefore the...
Reaching toward the integration of research into resource management activities: A 20 year evaluation of Colorado Biennial Conferences
Martha E. Lee, Carena J. van Riper, Charles van Riper III, Gerard T. Kyle
Charles van Riper III, Miguel L. Villarreal, Carena J. van Riper, M. J. Johnson, editor(s)
2012, Book chapter, The Colorado Plateau V: Research, environmental planning, and management for collaborative conservation
No abstract available....
Recent thermal history influences thermal tolerance in freshwater mussel species (Bivalvia: Unionoida)
Heather S. Galbraith
2012, Freshwater Science (31) 83-92
Understanding species’ temperature tolerances in the context of concurrent environmental stressors is critical because thermal regimes of freshwater ecosystems are changing. We evaluated the critical thermal maximum (CTM) of 3 freshwater mussel species (Alasmidonta varicosa, Elliptio complanata, and Strophitus undulatus) acclimated to 2 temperatures (15 and 25°C) and exposed to...
The Middle Ordovician Knox unconformity in the Black Warrior Basin
Gary S. Dwyer, John E. Repetski
2012, Book chapter, The great American carbonate bank: The geology and economic resources of the Cambrian-Ordovician Sauk megasequence of Laurentia
Analysis of well core and cuttings from the Black Warrior Basin in Mississippi reveals the presence of a Middle Ordovician (Whiterockian) erosional unconformity interpreted to be equivalent to the well-known Knox-Beekmantown unconformity in eastern North America. The unconformity occurs at the top of a peritidal dolostone unit known informally as...
Dissolved organic matter enhances microbial mercury methylation under sulfidic conditions
Andrew M. Graham, George R. Aiken, Cynthia Gilmour
2012, Environmental Science & Technology (46) 2715-2723
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is generally thought to lower metal bioavailability in aquatic systems due to the formation of metal–DOM complexes that reduce free metal ion concentrations. However, this model may not be pertinent for metal nanoparticles, which are now understood to be ubiquitous, sometimes dominant, metal species in the...
