Determination of the δ13C of dissolved inorganic carbon in water; RSIL lab code 1710
Glenda L. Singleton, Kinga Revesz, Tyler B. Coplen
2012, Techniques and Methods 10-c18
The purpose of the Reston Stable Isotope Laboratory (RSIL) lab code 1710 is to present a method to determine the δ13C of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) of water. The DIC of water is precipitated using ammoniacal strontium chloride (SrCl2) solution to form strontium carbonate (SrCO3). The δ13C is analyzed by...
VARBOOT: A spatial bootstrap program for semivariogram uncertainty assessment
Eulogio Pardo-Iguzquiza, Ricardo A. Olea
2012, Computers & Geosciences (41) 188-198
In applied geostatistics, the semivariogram is commonly estimated from experimental data, producing an empirical semivariogram for a specified number of discrete lags. In a second stage, a model defined by a few parameters is fitted to the empirical semivariogram. As the experimental data are usually few and sparsely located, there...
Response to comments on "Productivity is a poor predictor of plant species richness"
James B. Grace, Peter B. Adler, Eric W. Seabloom, Elizabeth T. Borer, Helmut Hillebrand, Yann Hautier, Andy Hector, W. Stanley Harpole, Lydia R. O’Halloran, T. Michael Anderson, Jonathan D. Bakker, Cynthia S. Brown, Yvonne M. Buckley, Scott L. Collins, Kathryn L. Cottingham, Michael J. Crawley, Ellen Ingman Damschen, Kendi F. Davies, Nicole M. DeCrappeo, Philip A. Fay, Jennifer Firn, Daniel S. Gruner, Nicole Hagenah, Virginia L. Jin, Kevin P. Kirkman, Johannes M.H. Knops, Kimberly J. La Pierre, John G. Lambrinos, Brett A. Melbourne, Charles E. Mitchell, Joslin L. Moore, John W. Morgan, John L. Orrock, Suzanne M. Prover, Carly J. Stevens, Peter D. Wragg, Louie H. Yang
2012, Science (335) 1441-1441
Pan et al. claim that our results actually support a strong linear positive relationship between productivity and richness, whereas Fridley et al. contend that the data support a strong humped relationship. These responses illustrate how preoccupation with bivariate patterns distracts from a deeper understanding of the multivariate mechanisms that control...
Refining the model of barrier island formation along a paraglacial coast in the Gulf of Maine
Christopher J. Hein, Duncan M. FitzGerald, Emily A. Carruthers, Byron D. Stone, Walter A. Barnhardt, Allen M. Gontz
2012, Marine Geology (307-310) 40-57
Details of the internal architecture and local geochronology of Plum Island, the longest barrier in the Gulf of Maine, have refined our understanding of barrier island formation in paraglacial settings. Ground-penetrating radar and shallow-seismic profiles coupled with sediment cores and radiocarbon dates provide an 8000-year evolutionary history of this barrier...
A vegetation management plan for Fort Union Trading Post National Historic Site: Final report for interagency agreement number F154910005
Amy J. Symstad
2012, Report
Summary: This report provides Fort Union Trading Post National Historic Site, a small NPS unit on the border of Montana and North Dakota, a framework and reasonable tools for future vegetation management at the site in the context of probable historic, current, and desired future vegetation....
Looking skyward to study ecosystem carbon dynamics
Dennis G. Dye
2012, Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union (93) 141-143
Between May and October 2011 the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Energy's Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) program, conducted a field campaign at the ARM Southern Great Plains site in north central Oklahoma to evaluate a new instrument for quantitative image-based monitoring of sky conditions...
All solution processed organic thin film transistor-backplane with printing technology for electrophoretic display
Myung W. Lee, C.K. Song
2012, Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (12) 3268-3271
In this study, solution processes were developed for backplane using an organic thin film transistor (OTFT) as a driving device for an electrophoretic display (EPD) panel. The processes covered not only the key device of OTFTs but also interlayer and pixel electrodes. The various materials and printing processes were adopted...
Estimating survival rates with time series of standing age‐structure data
Mark S. Udevitz, Peter J. Gogan
2012, Ecology (93) 726-732
It has long been recognized that age‐structure data contain useful information for assessing the status and dynamics of wildlife populations. For example, age‐specific survival rates can be estimated with just a single sample from the age distribution of a stable, stationary population. For a population that is...
Estimating shorebird populations during spring stopover in rice fields of the Louisiana and Texas Gulf Coastal Plain
Wayne Norling, Clinton W. Jeske, Tyler F. Thigpen, Paul C. Chadwick
2012, Waterbirds (35) 361-370
Migrating shorebird populations using approximately 2% of Louisiana and Texas Gulf Coastal rice fields were surveyed during spring migration (March–May of 1997 and 1998) using biweekly stratified random surveys conducted at 50 roadside survey points and approximately 30,000 shorebirds were observed. Shorebird counts were extrapolated and almost 1.4 million birds...
Changes in shallow groundwater quality beneath recently urbanized areas in the Memphis, Tennessee area
Jeannie R. B. Barlow, James A. Kingsbury, Richard H. Coupe
2012, Journal of the American Water Resources Association (48) 336-354
Memphis, the largest city in the state of Tennessee, and its surrounding suburbs depend on a confined aquifer, the Memphis aquifer, for drinking water. Concern over the potential for downward movement of water from an overlying shallow aquifer to the underlying Memphis aquifer provided impetus for monitoring groundwater quality within...
Identification of metapopulation dynamics among Northern Goshawks of the Alexander Archipelago, Alaska, and Coastal British Columbia
Sarah A. Sonsthagen, Erica L. McClaren, Frank I. Doyle, K. Titus, George K. Sage, Robert E. Wilson, Judy R. Gust, Sandra L. Talbot
2012, Conservation Genetics (13) 1045-1057
Northern Goshawks occupying the Alexander Archipelago, Alaska, and coastal British Columbia nest primarily in old-growth and mature forest, which results in spatial heterogeneity in the distribution of individuals across the landscape. We used microsatellite and mitochondrial data to infer genetic structure, gene flow, and fluctuations in population demography through evolutionary...
Quaternary geologic map of the Havre 1° x 2° quadrangle
David S. Compilations by Fullerton, Roger B. Colton, Charles A. Bush
2012, Open-File Report 2012-1028
The Havre quadrangle encompasses approximately 16,084 km2 (6,210 mi2). The northern boundary is the Montana/Saskatchewan (U.S./Canada) boundary. The quadrangle is in the Northern Plains physiographic province and it includes parts of the Bearpaw Mountains, the Little Rocky Mountains, and the Boundary Plateau. The primary river is the Milk River. The...
Quantity, structure, and habitat selection of natural spawning reefs by walleyes in a north temperate lake: A multiscale analysis
Joshua K. Raabe, Michael A. Bozek
2012, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (141) 1097-1108
Spawning habitat, the cornerstone of self-sustaining, naturally reproducing walleyeSander vitreus populations, has received limited quantitative research. Our goal was to quantitatively describe the structure and quantity of natural walleye spawning habitat and evaluate potential selection of habitat in Big Crooked Lake, Wisconsin. In 2004 and 2005, we located and delineated walleye...
Socio-environmental health analysis in Nogales, Sonora, Mexico
Laura M. Norman, Felipe Caldeira, James Callegary, Floyd Gray, Mary Kay O’ Rourke, Veronica Meranza, Saskia Van Rijn
2012, Water Quality, Exposure, and Health (4) 79-91
In Nogales, Sonora, Mexico, some neighborhoods, or colonias, have intermittent delivery of water through pipes from the city of Nogales’s municipal water-delivery system while other areas lack piped water and rely on water delivered by truck or pipas. This research examined how lifestyles, water quality, and potential disease response, such...
Urbanization eases water crisis in China
Yiping Wu, Shu-Guang Liu, Chen Ji
2012, Environmental Development (2) 142-144
Socioeconomic development in China has resulted in rapid urbanization, which includes a large amount of people making the transition from rural areas to cities. Many have speculated that this mass migration may have worsened the water crisis in many parts of the country. However, this study shows that the water...
Demographic population model for American shad: will access to additional habitat upstream of dams increase population sizes?
Julianne E. Harris, Joseph E. Hightower
2012, Marine and Coastal Fisheries: Dynamics, Management, and Ecosystem Science (4) 262-283
American shad Alosa sapidissima are in decline in their native range, and modeling possible management scenarios could help guide their restoration. We developed a density-dependent, deterministic, stage-based matrix model to predict the population-level results of transporting American shad to suitable spawning habitat upstream of dams on the Roanoke River, North Carolina and...
Variation in spring harvest rates of male wild turkeys in New York, Ohio, and Pennsylvania
Duane R. Diefenbach, Mary Jo Casalena, Michael V. Schiavone, Michael Reynolds, Robert Eriksen, Wendy C. Vreeland, Bryan L. Swift, Robert C. Boyd
2012, Journal of Wildlife Management (76) 514-522
Spring harvest rates of male wild turkeys (Meleagris gallapavo) influence the number and proportion of adult males in the population and turkey population models have treated harvest as additive to other sources of mortality. Therefore, hunting regulations and their effect on spring harvest rates have direct implications for hunter satisfaction....
Using pad‐stripped acausally filtered strong‐motion data
David Boore, Aida Azari Sisi, Sinan Akkar
2012, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (102) 751-760
Most strong‐motion data processing involves acausal low‐cut filtering, which requires the addition of sometimes lengthy zero pads to the data. These padded sections are commonly removed by organizations supplying data, but this can lead to incompatibilities in measures of ground motion derived in the usual way from the padded and...
Empirical improvements for estimating earthquake response spectra with random‐vibration theory
David Boore, Eric M. Thompson
2012, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (102) 761-772
The stochastic method of ground‐motion simulation is often used in combination with the random‐vibration theory to directly compute ground‐motion intensity measures, thereby bypassing the more computationally intensive time‐domain simulations. Key to the application of random‐vibration theory to simulate response spectra is determining the duration (Drms) used in computing the root‐mean‐square...
Recycling of water, carbon, and sulfur during subduction of serpentinites: A stable isotope study of Cerro del Almirez, Spain
Jeffrey C. Alt, Carlos J. Garrido, Wayne C. Shanks III, Alexandra Turchyn, Jose Alberto Padron-Navarta, Vicente Lopez Sanchez-Vizcaino, Maria Teresa Gomez Pugnaire, Claudio Marchesi
2012, Earth and Planetary Science Letters (327-328) 50-60
We use the concentrations and isotope compositions of water, carbon, and sulfur in serpentinites and their dehydration products to trace the cycling of volatiles during subduction. Antigorite serpentinites from the Cerro del Almirez complex, Spain, contain 9–12 wt.% H2O and 910 ± 730 ppm sulfur, and have bulk δ18O values...
Exploring the erodibility of sediments and harmful algal blooms in the Gulf of Maine
Bradford Butman, Patrick J. Dickhudt, Bruce A. Keafer
2012, EcoSystem Indicator Partnership Journal (March/April 2012)
Investigators at the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) are cooperating with scientists at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) to investigate harmful algal blooms along the New England coast in the Gulf of Maine. These blooms are caused by cysts of the dinoflagellate Alexandrium fundyense that overwinter in the bottom sediments and...
Fish assemblage dynamics in a Neotropical floodplain relative to aquatic macrophytes and the homogenizing effect of a flood pulse
L.C. Gomes, C. K. Bulla, A. A. Agostinho, L. P. Vasconcelos, Leandro E. Miranda
2012, Hydrobiologia (685) 97-107
The presence of aquatic macrophytes is a key factor in the selection of habitats by fish in floodplain lakes because these plants enhance the physical and biological complexities of aquatic habitats. The seasonal flood pulse may influence this interaction, but there is no information in the literature about the effects...
Significance of rotating ground motions on nonlinear behavior of symmetric and asymmetric buildings in near fault sites
Erol Kalkan, Juan Carlos Reyes
2012, Book
Building codes in the U.S. require at least two horizontal ground motion components for three-dimensional (3D) response history analysis (RHA) of structures. For sites within 5 km of an active fault, these records should be rotated to fault-normal/fault-parallel (FN/FP) directions, and two RHA analyses should be performed separately (when FN...
Population dynamics of introduced rodents in Hawaii Volcanoes National Park 1986-1990
Pamela Y. Scheffler, D. Foote, Charlotte Forbes-Perry, K. Schlappa, Charles P. Stone
2012, Technical Report 183
We determined seasonal and geographical distribution patterns for four species of introduced rodents in Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park from 1986-1990. We surveyed black rats (Rattus rattus), Polynesian rats (R. exulans), Norway rats (R. norvegicus) and house mice (Mus musculus) along an elevation gradient ranging from 90–1,820 m above sea level...
Conflicting research on the demography, ecology, and social behavior of Gunnison's prairie dogs (Cynomys gunnisoni)
John L. Hoogland, Jack F. Cully Jr., Linda S. Rayor, James P. Fitzgerald
2012, Journal of Mammalogy (93) 1075-1085
Gunnison's prairie dogs (Cynomys gunnisoni) are rare, diurnal, colonial, burrowing, ground-dwelling squirrels. Studies of marked individuals living under natural conditions in the 1970s, 1980s, and 1990s showed that males are heavier than females throughout the year; that adult females living in the same territory are consistently close kin; and that...
