Dissipation of Titans north polar cloud at northern spring equinox
S. Le Mouelic, P. Rannou, S. Rodriguez, Christophe Sotin, C.A. Griffith, L. Le Corre, J. W. Barnes, R. H. Brown, K. H. Baines, B. J. Buratti, Roger N. Clark, P. D. Nicholson, G. Tobie
2012, Planetary and Space Science (60) 86-92
Saturn's Moon Titan has a thick atmosphere with a meteorological cycle. We report on the evolution of the giant cloud system covering its north pole using observations acquired by the Visual and Infrared Mapping Spectrometer onboard the Cassini spacecraft. A radiative transfer model in spherical geometry shows that the clouds are found at an altitude between 30 and...
Measuring Historical Coastal Change using GIS and the Change Polygon Approach
M.J. Smith, R.G. Cromley
2012, Transactions in GIS (16) 3-15
This study compares two automated approaches, the transect‐from‐baseline technique and a new change polygon method, for quantifying historical coastal change over time. The study shows that the transect‐from‐baseline technique is complicated by choice of a proper baseline as well as generating transects that intersect with each other rather than with...
Beach response dynamics of a littoral cell using a 17-year single-point time series of sand thickness
Patrick L. Barnard, D.M. Hubbard, J.E. Dugan
2012, Geomorphology (139-140) 588-598
A 17-year time series of near-daily sand thickness measurements at a single intertidal location was compared with 5 years of semi-annual 3-dimensional beach surveys at the same beach, and at two other beaches within the same littoral cell. The daily single point measurements correlated extremely well with the mean beach elevation...
Hybrid-optimization algorithm for the management of a conjunctive-use project and well field design
Yung-Chia Chiu, Tracy Nishikawa, Peter Martin
2012, Ground Water (50) 103-117
Hi‐Desert Water District (HDWD), the primary water‐management agency in the Warren Groundwater Basin, California, plans to construct a waste water treatment plant to reduce future septic‐tank effluent from reaching the groundwater system. The treated waste water will be reclaimed by recharging the groundwater basin via recharge ponds as part of...
On valuing patches: Estimating contributions to metapopulation growth with reverse-time capture-recapture modelling
J.S. Sanderlin, P.M. Waser, J.E. Hines, J.D. Nichols
2012, Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences (279) 480-488
Metapopulation ecology has historically been rich in theory, yet analytical approaches for inferring demographic relationships among local populations have been few. We show how reverse-time multi-state capture–recapture models can be used to estimate the importance of local recruitment and interpopulation dispersal to metapopulation growth. We use ‘contribution metrics’ to infer...
Roost networks of northern myotis (Myotis septentrionalis) in a managed landscape
J.B. Johnson, W. Mark Ford, J.W. Edwards
2012, Forest Ecology and Management (266) 223-231
Maternity groups of many bat species conform to fission–fusion models and movements among diurnal roost trees and individual bats belonging to these groups use networks of roost trees. Forest disturbances may alter roost networks and characteristics of roost trees. Therefore, at the Fernow Experimental Forest in West Virginia, we examined...
PhyloChipTM microarray comparison of sampling methods used for coral microbial ecology
Christina A. Kellogg, Yvette M. Piceno, Lauren M. Tom, Todd Z. DeSantis, David G. Zawada, Gary L. Andersen
2012, Journal of Microbiological Methods (88) 103-109
Interest in coral microbial ecology has been increasing steadily over the last decade, yet standardized methods of sample collection still have not been defined. Two methods were compared for their ability to sample coral-associated microbial communities: tissue punches and foam swabs, the latter being less invasive and preferred by reef...
Microbial water quality before and after the repair of a failing onsite wastewater treatment system adjacent to coastal waters
K.E. Conn, M.Y. Habteselassie, Blackwood A. Denene, R.T. Noble
2012, Journal of Applied Microbiology (112) 214-224
Aims: The objective was to assess the impacts of repairing a failing onsite wastewater treatment system (OWTS, i.e., septic system) as related to coastal microbial water quality. Methods and Results: Wastewater, groundwater and surface water were monitored for environmental parameters, faecal indicator bacteria (total coliforms, Escherichia coli, enterococci) and the...
Forest structure affects trophic linkages: How silvicultural disturbance impacts bats and their insect prey
L.E. Dodd, M.J. Lacki, E.R. Britzke, D.A. Buehler, P.D. Keyser, J.L. Larkin, A.D. Rodewald, T.B. Wigley, P.B. Wood, L.K. Rieske
2012, Forest Ecology and Management (267) 262-270
Vertebrate insectivores such as bats are a pervasive top-down force on prey populations in forest ecosystems. Conservation focusing on forest-dwelling bats requires understanding of community-level interactions between these predators and their insect prey. Our study assessed bat activity and insect occurrence (abundance and diversity) across a gradient of forest disturbance...
Why farmers adopt best management practice in the United States: A meta-analysis of the adoption literature
Adam Baumgart-Getz, Linda Stalker Prokopy, Kristin Floress
2012, Journal of Environmental Management (96) 17-25
This meta-analysis of both published and unpublished studies assesses factors believed to influence adoption of agricultural Best Management Practices in the United States. Using an established statistical technique to summarize the adoption literature in the United States, we identified the following variables as having the largest impact on adoption: access...
Slab1.0: A three-dimensional model of global subduction zone geometries
Gavin P. Hayes, David J. Wald, Rebecca L. Johnson
2012, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (117)
We describe and present a new model of global subduction zone geometries, called Slab1.0. An extension of previous efforts to constrain the two-dimensional non-planar geometry of subduction zones around the focus of large earthquakes, Slab1.0 describes the detailed, non-planar, three-dimensional geometry of approximately 85% of subduction zones worldwide. While the...
Crucial nesting habitat for gunnison sage-grouse: A spatially explicit hierarchical approach
Cameron L. Aldridge, D.J. Saher, T.M. Childers, K.E. Stahlnecker, Z.H. Bowen
2012, Journal of Wildlife Management (76) 391-406
Gunnison sage-grouse (Centrocercus minimus) is a species of special concern and is currently considered a candidate species under Endangered Species Act. Careful management is therefore required to ensure that suitable habitat is maintained, particularly because much of the species' current distribution is faced with exurban development pressures. We assessed hierarchical...
The use of multiobjective calibration and regional sensitivity analysis in simulating hyporheic exchange
Ramon C. Naranjo, Richard G. Niswonger, Mark Stone, Clinton Davis, Alan McKay
2012, Water Resources Research (48)
We describe an approach for calibrating a two-dimensional (2-D) flow model of hyporheic exchange using observations of temperature and pressure to estimate hydraulic and thermal properties. A longitudinal 2-D heat and flow model was constructed for a riffle-pool sequence to simulate flow paths and flux rates for variable discharge conditions....
Intra- and inter-annual trends in phosphorus loads and comparison with nitrogen loads to Rehoboth Bay, Delaware (USA)
J.A. Volk, J.R. Scudlark, K.B. Savidge, A.S. Andres, R.J. Stenger, W.J. Ullman
2012, Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science (96) 139-150
Monthly phosphorus loads from uplands, atmospheric deposition, and wastewater to Rehoboth Bay (Delaware) were determined from October 1998 to April 2002 to evaluate the relative importance of these three sources of P to the Bay. Loads from a representative subwatershed were determined and used in an areal extrapolation to estimate the upland load from the...
Advancing representation of hydrologic processes in the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) through integration of the TOPographic MODEL (TOPMODEL) features
J. Chen, Y. Wu
2012, Journal of Hydrology (420-421) 319-328
This paper presents a study of the integration of the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model and the TOPographic MODEL (TOPMODEL) features for enhancing the physical representation of hydrologic processes. In SWAT, four hydrologic processes, which are surface runoff, baseflow, groundwater re-evaporation and deep aquifer percolation, are modeled by...
Goals and objectives
Victoria Johnston, Jonathan Bart
Jonathan Bart, Victoria Johnston, editor(s)
2012, Book chapter, Arctic shorebirds in North America: A decade of monitoring
We report results from shorebird surveys in the North American Arctic, defined here as Bird Conservation Regions 2 and 3 of the North American Bird Conservation Initiative (http://www.nabci.net/International/English/bcrmap.html). The surveys estimate population size and trend, and provide information on habitat relationships, at the regional and Arctic-wide scale (Table 1, Fig...
Influence of fault trend, bends, and convergence on shallow structure and geomorphology of the Hosgri strike-slip fault, offshore central California
Samuel Y. Johnson, Janet Tilden Watt
2012, Geosphere (8) 1632-1656
We mapped an ∼94-km-long portion of the right-lateral Hosgri fault zone in offshore central California using a dense network of high-resolution seismic reflection profiles, marine magnetic data, and multibeam bathymetry. These data document the location, length, and continuity of multiple fault strands, highlight fault-zone heterogeneity, and demonstrate the importance...
Upper Klamath Basin Landsat Image for June 17, 2004: Path 45 Rows 30 and 31
Daniel T. Snyder
2012, Report
This image is a mosaic of Landsat-5 images of the upper Klamath Basin. The original images were obtained from the U.S. Geological Survey Earth Resources Observation and Science Center (EROS). EROS is responsible for archive management and distribution of Landsat data products. The Landsat-5 satellite is part of an ongoing...
Slip rate on the San Diego trough fault zone, inner California Borderland, and the 1986 Oceanside earthquake swarm revisited
Holly F. Ryan, James E. Conrad, C. K. Paull, Mary McGann
2012, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (102) 2300-2312
The San Diego trough fault zone (SDTFZ) is part of a 90-km-wide zone of faults within the inner California Borderland that accommodates motion between the Pacific and North American plates. Along with most faults offshore southern California, the slip rate and paleoseismic history of the SDTFZ are unknown. We present...
Net trophic transfer efficiencies of polychlorinated biphenyl congeners to lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) from its prey
Charles P. Madenjian, Solomon R. David, Richard R. Rediske, James P. O’Keefe
2012, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (31) 2821-2827
Lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) were fed bloater (Coregonus hoyi) in eight laboratory tanks over a 135-d experiment. At the start of the experiment, four to nine fish in each tank were sacrificed, and the concentrations of 75 polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners within these fish were determined. Polychlorinated biphenyl congener concentrations...
Summary
Jonathan Bart, Paul A. Smith
Jonathan Bart, Victoria Johnston, editor(s)
2012, Book chapter, Arctic shorebirds in North America: a decade of monitoring
This chapter summarizes results in previous chapters by providing estimated densities and population sizes, in the areas we have surveyed, for Alaska, Canada, and both regions combined. A total of 1,554 rapid plots, covering 232 km2, and 83 intensive plots were surveyed during the study. The monograph presents >600 density...
Small-scale and reconnaissance surveys
Jonathan Bart, Brad A. Andres, Kyle Elliott, Charles M. Francis, Victoria Johnston, R. I. G. Morrison, Elin P. Pierce, Jennie Rausch
Jonathan Bart, Victoria Johnston, editor(s)
2012, Book chapter, Arctic shorebirds in North America: a decade of monitoring
This brief chapter addresses two related issues: how effort should be allocated to different parts of the sampling plan and, given optimal allocation, how large a sample will be required to achieve the PRISM accuracy target. Simulations based on data collected to date showed that 2 plots per cluster on...
Design of future surveys
Jonathan Bart, Paul A. Smith
Jonathan R. Bart, Victoria H. Johnston, editor(s)
2012, Book chapter, Arctic shorebirds in North America: A decade of monitoring
This brief chapter addresses two related issues: how effort should be allocated to different parts of the sampling plan and, given optimal allocation, how large a sample will be required to achieve the PRISM accuracy target. Simulations based on data collected to date showed that 2 plots per cluster on...
Associations between forest fragmentation patterns and geneticstructure in Pfrimer’s Parakeet (Pyrrhura pfrimeri), an endangered endemic to central Brazil’s dry forests
Susan M. Haig, Leonard F. Miller, Carlos Bianchi, Thomas D. Mullins
2012, Conservation Genetics (13)
When habitat becomes fragmented, populations of species may become increasingly isolated. In the absence of habitat corridors, genetic structure may develop and populations risk reductions in genetic diversity from increased genetic drift and inbreeding. Deforestation of the Cerrado biome of Brazil, particularly of the dry forests within the Parana˜ River...
A new method of calculating electrical conductivity with applications to natural waters
R. Blaine McCleskey, D. Kirk Nordstrom, J. N. Ryan, J. W. Ball
2012, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (77) 369-382
A new method is presented for calculating the electrical conductivity of natural waters that is accurate over a large range of effective ionic strength (0.0004–0.7 mol kg−1), temperature (0–95 °C), pH (1–10), and conductivity (30–70,000 μS cm−1). The method incorporates a reliable set of equations to...
