Slab1.0: A three-dimensional model of global subduction zone geometries
Gavin P. Hayes, David J. Wald, Rebecca L. Johnson
2012, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (117)
We describe and present a new model of global subduction zone geometries, called Slab1.0. An extension of previous efforts to constrain the two-dimensional non-planar geometry of subduction zones around the focus of large earthquakes, Slab1.0 describes the detailed, non-planar, three-dimensional geometry of approximately 85% of subduction zones worldwide. While the...
Crucial nesting habitat for gunnison sage-grouse: A spatially explicit hierarchical approach
Cameron L. Aldridge, D.J. Saher, T.M. Childers, K.E. Stahlnecker, Z.H. Bowen
2012, Journal of Wildlife Management (76) 391-406
Gunnison sage-grouse (Centrocercus minimus) is a species of special concern and is currently considered a candidate species under Endangered Species Act. Careful management is therefore required to ensure that suitable habitat is maintained, particularly because much of the species' current distribution is faced with exurban development pressures. We assessed hierarchical...
The use of multiobjective calibration and regional sensitivity analysis in simulating hyporheic exchange
Ramon C. Naranjo, Richard G. Niswonger, Mark Stone, Clinton Davis, Alan McKay
2012, Water Resources Research (48)
We describe an approach for calibrating a two-dimensional (2-D) flow model of hyporheic exchange using observations of temperature and pressure to estimate hydraulic and thermal properties. A longitudinal 2-D heat and flow model was constructed for a riffle-pool sequence to simulate flow paths and flux rates for variable discharge conditions....
Intra- and inter-annual trends in phosphorus loads and comparison with nitrogen loads to Rehoboth Bay, Delaware (USA)
J.A. Volk, J.R. Scudlark, K.B. Savidge, A.S. Andres, R.J. Stenger, W.J. Ullman
2012, Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science (96) 139-150
Monthly phosphorus loads from uplands, atmospheric deposition, and wastewater to Rehoboth Bay (Delaware) were determined from October 1998 to April 2002 to evaluate the relative importance of these three sources of P to the Bay. Loads from a representative subwatershed were determined and used in an areal extrapolation to estimate the upland load from the...
Impacts of biofuels production alternatives on water quantity and quality in the Iowa River Basin
Y. Wu, S. Liu
2012, Biomass and Bioenergy (36) 182-191
Corn stover as well as perennial grasses like switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) and miscanthus are being considered as candidates for the second generation biofuel feedstocks. However, the challenges to biofuel development are its effects on the environment, especially water quality. This study evaluates the long-term impacts of biofuel production alternatives (e.g.,...
Rootless shield and perched lava pond collapses at Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai'i
Matthew R. Patrick, Tim R. Orr
2012, Bulletin of Volcanology (74) 67-78
Effusion rate is a primary measurement used to judge the expected advance rate, length, and hazard potential of lava flows. At basaltic volcanoes, the rapid draining of lava stored in rootless shields and perched ponds can produce lava flows with much higher local effusion rates and advance velocities than would...
Kansas Energy Sources: A Geological Review
D. F. Merriam, L. L. Brady, K.D. Newell
2012, Natural Resources Research (21) 163-175
Kansas produces both conventional energy (oil, gas, and coal) and nonconventional (coalbed gas, wind, hydropower, nuclear, geothermal, solar, and biofuels) and ranks the 22nd in state energy production in the U.S. Nonrenewable conventional petroleum is the most important energy source with nonrenewable, nonconventional coalbed methane gas becoming increasingly important. Many...
Generation and evolution of hydrothermal fluids at Yellowstone: Insights from the Heart Lake Geyser Basin
J. B. Lowenstern, D. Bergfeld, William C. Evans, S. Hurwitz
2012, Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems (13)
We sampled fumaroles and hot springs from the Heart Lake Geyser Basin (HLGB), measured water and gas discharge, and estimated heat and mass flux from this geothermal area in 2009. The combined data set reveals that diverse fluids share an origin by mixing of deep solute-rich parent water with dilute...
Foraging segregation and genetic divergence between geographically proximate colonies of a highly mobile seabird
Anne E. Wiley, Andreanna J. Welch, P.H. Ostrom, Helen F. James, Craig A. Stricker, R.C. Fleischer, H. Gandhi, Josh Adams, D. G. Ainley, F. Duvall, N. Holmes, D. Hu, S. Judge, J. Penniman, K.A. Swindle
2012, Oecologia (168) 119-130
Foraging segregation may play an important role in the maintenance of animal diversity, and is a proposed mechanism for promoting genetic divergence within seabird species. However, little information exists regarding its presence among seabird populations. We investigated genetic and foraging divergence between two colonies of endangered Hawaiian petrels (Pterodroma sandwichensis)...
Migration of Sakhalin taimen (Parahucho perryi): Evidence of freshwater resident life history types
Christian E. Zimmerman, P.S. Rand, M. Fukushima, S.F. Zolotukhin
2012, Environmental Biology of Fishes (93) 223-232
Sakhalin taimen (Parahucho perryi) range from the Russian Far East mainland along the Sea of Japan coast, and Sakhalin, Kuril, and Hokkaido Islands and are considered to primarily be an anadromous species. We used otolith strontium-to-calcium ratios (Sr/Ca) to determine the chronology of migration between freshwater and saltwater and identify...
Reducing uncertainty about objective functions in adaptive management
Byron K. Williams
2012, Ecological Modelling (225) 61-65
This paper extends the uncertainty framework of adaptive management to include uncertainty about the objectives to be used in guiding decisions. Adaptive decision making typically assumes explicit and agreed-upon objectives for management, but allows for uncertainty as to the structure of the decision process that generates change through time. Yet...
Holocene aridification of India
C. Ponton, L. Giosan, T.I. Eglinton, D.Q. Fuller, J.E. Johnson, P. Kumar, Timothy S. Collett
2012, Geophysical Research Letters (39)
Spanning a latitudinal range typical for deserts, the Indian peninsula is fertile instead and sustains over a billion people through monsoonal rains. Despite the strong link between climate and society, our knowledge of the long‐term monsoon variability is incomplete over the Indian subcontinent. Here we reconstruct the Holocene paleoclimate in...
Histologic, immunologic and endocrine biomarkers indicate contaminant effects in fishes of the Ashtabula River
L. R. Iwanowicz, V. S. Blazer, N.P. Hitt, S. D. McCormick, D.S. Devault, C. A. Ottinger
2012, Ecotoxicology (21) 165-182
The use of fish as sentinels of aquatic ecosystem health is a biologically relevant approach to environmental monitoring and assessment. We examined the health of the Ashtabula River using histologic, immunologic, and endocrine biomarkers in brown bullhead (BB; Ameiurus nebulosus) and largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) and compared fish collected from...
El Niño-Southern oscillation variability from the late cretaceous marca shale of California
Andrew Davies, Alan E.S. Kemp, Graham P. Weedon, John A. Barron
2012, Geology (40) 15-18
Changes in the possible behavior of El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) with global warming have provoked interest in records of ENSO from past “greenhouse” climate states. The latest Cretaceous laminated Marca Shale of California permits a seasonal-scale reconstruction of water column flux events and hence interannual paleoclimate variability. The annual flux...
Has the magnitude of floods across the USA changed with global CO 2 levels?
R.M. Hirsch, K.R. Ryberg
2012, Hydrological Sciences Journal (57) 1-9
Statistical relationships between annual floods at 200 long-term (85-127 years of record) streamgauges in the coterminous United States and the global mean carbon dioxide concentration (GMCO2) record are explored. The streamgauge locations are limited to those with little or no regulation or urban development. The coterminous US is divided into...
Tectonic setting of Cretaceous basins on the NE Tibetan Plateau: Insights from the Jungong basin
William Craddock, E. Kirby, Z. Dewen, L. Jianhui
2012, Basin Research (24) 51-69
Quantifying the Cenozoic growth of high topography in the Indo‐Asian collision zone remains challenging, due in part to significant shortening that occurred within Eurasia before collision. A growing body of evidence suggests that regions far removed from the suture zone experienced deformation before and during the early phases of Himalayan...
Fate of 4-nonylphenol and 17β-estradiol in the Redwood River of Minnesota
Jeffrey H. Writer, Joseph N. Ryan, Steffanie H. Keefe, Larry B. Barber
2012, Environmental Science & Technology (46) 860-868
The majority of previous research investigating the fate of endocrine-disrupting compounds has focused on single processes generally in controlled laboratory experiments, and limited studies have directly evaluated their fate and transport in rivers. This study evaluated the fate and transport of 4-nonylphenol, 17β-estradiol, and estrone in a 10-km reach of...
CO2–rock–brine interactions in Lower Tuscaloosa Formation at Cranfield CO2 sequestration site, Mississippi, U.S.A.
Jiemin Lu, Yousif K. Kharaka, James J. Thordsen, Juske Horita, Athanasios Karamalidis, Craig Griffith, J. Alexandra Hakala, Gil Ambats, David R. Cole, Tommy J. Phelps, Michael A. Manning, Paul J. Cook, Susan D. Hovorka
2012, Chemical Geology (291) 269-277
A highly integrated geochemical program was conducted at the Cranfield CO2-enhanced oil recovery (EOR) and sequestration site, Mississippi, U.S.A.. The program included extensive field geochemical monitoring, a detailed petrographic study, and an autoclave experiment under in situ reservoir conditions. Results show that mineral reactions in the Lower Tuscaloosa reservoir were...
USGS42 and USGS43: Human-hair stable hydrogen and oxygen isotopic reference materials and analytical methods for forensic science and implications for published measurement results
T.B. Coplen, H. Qi
2012, Forensic Science International (214) 135-141
Because there are no internationally distributed stable hydrogen and oxygen isotopic reference materials of human hair, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has prepared two such materials, USGS42 and USGS43. These reference materials span values commonly encountered in human hair stable isotope analysis and are isotopically homogeneous at sample sizes larger...
Response of an algal assemblage to nutrient enrichment and shading in a Hawaiian stream
S.H. Stephens, A.M.D. Brasher, C.M. Smith
2012, Hydrobiologia (683) 135-150
To investigate the effects of nitrate enrichment, phosphate enrichment, and light availability on benthic algae, nutrient-diffusing clay flowerpots were colonized with algae at two sites in a Hawaiian stream during spring and autumn 2002 using a randomized factorial design. The algal assemblage that developed under the experimental conditions was investigated...
Occurrence and geochemistry of radium in water from principal drinking-water aquifer systems of the United States
Z. Szabo, Vincent T. DePaul, J.M. Fischer, T. F. Kraemer, E. Jacobsen
2012, Applied Geochemistry (27) 729-752
A total of 1270 raw-water samples (before treatment) were collected from 15 principal and other major aquifer systems (PAs) used for drinking water in 45 states in all major physiographic provinces of the USA and analyzed for concentrations of the Ra isotopes 224Ra, 226Ra and 228Ra establishing...
Effects of sample size, number of markers, and allelic richness on the detection of spatial genetic pattern
E.L. Landguth, B.C. Fedy, Sara J. Oyler-McCance, A.L. Garey, S.L. Emel, M. Mumma, H.H. Wagner, M.-J. Fortin, S.A. Cushman
2012, Molecular Ecology Resources (12) 276-284
The influence of study design on the ability to detect the effects of landscape pattern on gene flow is one of the most pressing methodological gaps in landscape genetic research. To investigate the effect of study design on landscape genetics inference, we used a spatially‐explicit, individual‐based program to simulate gene...
Do environmental changes or juvenile competition act as mechanisms of species displacement in crayfishes?
Jacob T. Westhoff, R.J. DiStefano, Daniel D. Magoulick
2012, Hydrobiologia (683) 43-51
The Big Creek Crayfish, Orconectes peruncus, is native to the St. Francis River drainage in Missouri, USA and is often absent where the introduced Woodland Crayfish, Orconectes hylas, has established. We performed a field experiment to determine whether effects of current abiotic conditions and interspecific competition with O. hylas were responsible for displacement of O....
Origins of mineral deposits, Belt-Purcell Basin, United States and Canada: An introduction
Stephen E. Box, Arthur A. Bookstrom, Robert G. Anderson
2012, Economic Geology (107) 1081-1088
The fill of the Mesoproterozoic Belt-Purcell Basin, which straddles the United States-Canada border within the Rocky Mountains of western North America (Fig. 1), consists of marine and nonmarine clastic and carbonate strata 15 to 20 km thick. Three giant metal-producing ore deposits or districts account...
Science in support of the Deepwater Horizon response
Jane Lubchenco, Marcia K. McNutt, Gabrielle Dreyfus, Steven A. Murawski, David M. Kennedy, Paul T. Anastas, Steven Chu, Tom Hunter
2012, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (109) 20212-20221
This introduction to the Special Feature presents the context for science during the Deepwater Horizon oil spill response, summarizes how scientific knowledge was integrated across disciplines and statutory responsibilities, identifies areas where scientific information was accurate and where it was not, and considers lessons learned and recommendations for future research...
