Splint coals of the Central Appalachians: Petrographic and geochemical facies of the Peach Orchard No. 3 split coal bed, southern Magoffin County, Kentucky
James C. Hower, Leslie F. Ruppert
2011, International Journal of Coal Geology (85) 268-275
The Bolsovian (Middle Pennsylvanian) Peach Orchard coal bed is one of the splint coals of the Central Appalachians. Splint coal is a name for the dull, inertinite-rich lithologies typical of coals of the region. The No. 3 Split was sampled at five locations in Magoffin County, Kentucky and analyzed for...
Strong evidence for terrestrial support of zooplankton in small lakes based on stable isotopes of carbon, nitrogen, and hydrogen
J. J. Cole, S.R. Carpenter, J. Kitchell, M. L. Pace, C.T. Solomon, Brian Weidel
2011, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (108) 1975-1980
Cross-ecosystem subsidies to food webs can alter metabolic balances in the receiving (subsidized) system and free the food web, or particular consumers, from the energetic constraints of local primary production. Although cross-ecosystem subsidies between terrestrial and aquatic systems have been well recognized for benthic organisms in streams, rivers, and the...
Challenges, uncertainties, and issues facing gas production from gas-hydrate deposits
G. J. Moridis, Timothy S. Collett, M. Pooladi-Darvish, S. Hancock, C. Santamarina, R. Boswel, T. Kneafsey, J. Rutqvist, M. B. Kowalsky, M. T. Reagan, E. D. Sloan, A. K. Sum, C. A. Koh
2011, SPE Reservoir Evaluation and Engineering (14) 76-112
The current paper complements the Moridis et al. (2009) review of the status of the effort toward commercial gas production from hydrates. We aim to describe the concept of the gas-hydrate (GH) petroleum system; to discuss advances, requirements, and suggested practices in GH prospecting and GH deposit...
Process-based modeling of tsunami inundation and sediment transport
A. Apotsos, G. Gelfenbaum, B. Jaffe
2011, Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface (116)
The infrequent and unpredictable nature of tsunamis precludes the use of field experiments to measure the hydrodynamic and sediment transport processes that occur. Instead, these processes are often approximated from laboratory, numerical, and theoretical studies or inferred from observations of the resultant sediment deposits. Here Delft3D, a three-dimensional numerical model,...
Dissolved organic matter in the Florida everglades: Implications for ecosystem restoration
G. R. Aiken, C.C. Gilmour, D. P. Krabbenhoft, W. Orem
2011, Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology (41) 217-248
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) in the Florida Everglades controls a number of environmental processes important for ecosystem function including the absorption of light, mineral dissolution/precipitation, transport of hydrophobic compounds (e.g., pesticides), and the transport and reactivity of metals, such as mercury. Proposed attempts to return the Everglades to more natural...
Long-term trends in the St. Marys River open water fish community
Jeffrey S. Schaeffer, David G. Fielder, Neal Godby, Anjanette Bowen, Lisa O'Connor, Josh Parrish, Susan Greenwood, Stephen Chong, Greg Wright
2011, Journal of Great Lakes Research (37) 70-79
We examined trends in species composition and abundance of the St. Marys River fish community. Abundance data were available approximately once every six years from 1975 through 2006, and size and age data were available from 1995 through 2006. We also compared survey data in 2006 with results of a...
Integration of remote sensing and in situ ecology for the design and evaluation of marine-protected areas: examples from tropical and temperate ecosystems: Chapter 13
Alan M. Friedlander, L.M. Wedding, Jennifer E. Caselle, Bryan M. Costa
Yeqiao Wang, editor(s)
2011, Book chapter, Remote sensing of protected lands
No abstract available....
Remote sensing of vegetation pattern and condition to monitor changes in everglades biogeochemistry
John Jones
2011, Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology (41) 64-91
Ground-based studies of biogeochemistry and vegetation patterning yield process understanding, but the amount of information gained by ground-based studies can be greatly enhanced by efficient, synoptic, and temporally resolute monitoring afforded by remote sensing. The variety of presently available Everglades vegetation maps reflects both the wide range of application requirements...
Ground-Motion Prediction Equations (GMPEs) from a global dataset: The PEER NGA equations
David M. Boore
Sinan Akkar, Polat Gulkan, Torild van Eck, editor(s)
2011, Book chapter, Earthquake Data in Engineering Seismology: Predictive Models, Data Management, and Networks
The PEER NGA ground-motion prediction equations (GMPEs) were derived by five developer teams over several years, resulting in five sets of GMPEs. The teams used various subsets of a global database of ground motions and metadata from shallow earthquakes in tectonically active regions in the development of the equations. Since...
Identifying nest predators of American avocets (Recurvirostra americana) and black-necked stilts (Himantopus mexicanus) in San Francisco Bay, California
G. Herring, Joshua T. Ackerman, John Y. Takekawa, Collin A. Eagles-Smith, J.M. Eadie
2011, Southwestern Naturalist (56) 35-43
We evaluated predation on nests and methods to detect predators using a combination of infrared cameras and plasticine eggs at nests of American avocets (Recurvirostra americana) and black-necked stilts (Himantopus mexicanus) in Don Edwards San Francisco Bay National Wildlife Refuge, San Mateo and Santa Clara counties, California. Each...
Late Holocene slip rate of the San Andreas fault and its accommodation by creep and moderate-magnitude earthquakes at Parkfield, California
N.A. Toke, J.R. Arrowsmith, Michael J. Rymer, A. Landgraf, D.E. Haddad, M. Busch, J. Coyan, A. Hannah
2011, Geology (39) 243-246
Investigation of a right-laterally offset channel at the Miller's Field paleoseismic site yields a late Holocene slip rate of 26.2 +6.4/−4.3 mm/yr (1σ) for the main trace of the San Andreas fault at Parkfield, California. This is the first well-documented geologic slip rate between the Carrizo and creeping sections of...
San Andreas fault earthquake chronology and Lake Cahuilla history at Coachella, California
B. Philibosian, T. Fumal, R. Weldon
2011, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (101) 13-38
The southernmost ~100 km of the San Andreas fault has not ruptured historically. It is imperative to determine its rupture history to better predict its future behavior. This paleoseismic investigation in Coachella, California, establishes a chronology of at least five and up to seven major earthquakes during the past ~1100...
Estimating earthquake-rupture rates on a fault or fault system
E. H. Field, M.T. Page
2011, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (101) 79-92
Previous approaches used to determine the rates of different earthquakes on a fault have made assumptions regarding segmentation, have been difficult to document and reproduce, and have lacked the ability to satisfy all available data constraints. We present a relatively objective and reproducible inverse methodology for determining the rate of...
The Forecast Interpretation Tool—a Monte Carlo technique for blending climatic distributions with probabilistic forecasts
Gregory J. Husak, Joel Michaelsen, P. Kyriakidis, James P. Verdin, Chris Funk, Gideon Galu
2011, International Journal of Climatology (31) 461-467
Probabilistic forecasts are produced from a variety of outlets to help predict rainfall, and other meteorological events, for periods of 1 month or more. Such forecasts are expressed as probabilities of a rainfall event, e.g. being in the upper, middle, or lower third of the relevant distribution of rainfall in...
Development of soil properties and nitrogen cycling in created wetlands
K.L. Wolf, C. Ahn, G.B. Noe
2011, Wetlands (31) 699-712
Mitigation wetlands are expected to compensate for the loss of structure and function of natural wetlands within 5–10 years of creation; however, the age-based trajectory of development in wetlands is unclear. This study investigates the development of coupled structural (soil properties) and functional (nitrogen cycling) attributes of created non-tidal freshwater...
Spatial and temporal trends of selected trace elements in liver tissue from polar bears (Ursus maritimus) from Alaska, Canada and Greenland
Heli Routti, Robert J. Letcher, Erik W. Born, Marsha Branigan, Rune Dietz, Thomas J. Evans, Aaron T. Fisk, Elizabeth L. Peacock, Christian Sonne
2011, Journal of Environmental Monitoring (13) 2260-2267
Spatial trends and comparative changes in time of selected trace elements were studied in liver tissue from polar bears from ten different subpopulation locations in Alaska, Canadian Arctic and East Greenland. For nine of the trace elements (As, Cd, Cu, Hg, Mn, Pb, Rb, Se and Zn) spatial trends were...
Field observations onsSelectivet tidal-stream transport for postlarval and juvenile pink shrimp in florida bay
Maria M. Criales, Michael B. Robblee, Joan A. Browder, H. Cardenas, Thomas L. Jackson
2011, Journal of Crustacean Biology (31) 26-33
Postlarvae and juveniles of pink shrimp were collected in the summers of 2005 and 2006 at three stations in northwestern Florida Bay, the main nursery ground of this species in South Florida. Collections were made at one- or two-hour intervals during three full moon nights and two new moon nights...
Pre- and post-drill comparison of the Mount Elbert gas hydrate prospect, Alaska North Slope
Myung W. Lee, Warren F. Agena, Timothy S. Collett, T.L. Inks
2011, Marine and Petroleum Geology (28) 578-588
In 2006, the United States Geological Survey (USGS) completed a detailed analysis and interpretation of available 2-D and 3-D seismic data, along with seismic modeling and correlation with specially processed downhole well log data for identifying potential gas hydrate accumulations on the North Slope of Alaska. A methodology was...
Modeling misidentification errors that result from use of genetic tags in capture-recapture studies
J. Yoshizaki, C. Brownie, K. H. Pollock, William A. Link
2011, Environmental and Ecological Statistics (18) 27-55
Misidentification of animals is potentially important when naturally existing features (natural tags) such as DNA fingerprints (genetic tags) are used to identify individual animals. For example, when misidentification leads to multiple identities being assigned to an animal, traditional estimators tend to overestimate population size. Accounting for...
Stochastic population dynamics in populations of western terrestrial garter snakes with divergent life histories
David A. Miller, W.R. Clark, S.J. Arnold, A.M. Bronikowski
2011, Ecology (92) 1658-1671
Comparative evaluations of population dynamics in species with temporal and spatial variation in life‐history traits are rare because they require long‐term demographic time series from multiple populations. We present such an analysis using demographic data collected during the interval 1978–1996 for six populations of western terrestrial garter snakes (Thamnophis elegans)...
Use of hydrologic and hydrodynamic modeling for ecosystem restoration
J. Obeysekera, L. Kuebler, S. Ahmed, M.-L. Chang, V. Engel, Christian D. Langevin, Eric D. Swain, Y. Wan
2011, Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology (41) 447-488
Planning and implementation of unprecedented projects for restoring the greater Everglades ecosystem are underway and the hydrologic and hydrodynamic modeling of restoration alternatives has become essential for success of restoration efforts. In view of the complex nature of the South Florida water resources system, regional-scale (system-wide) hydrologic models have been...
Linking biomarkers to reproductive success of caged fathead minnows in streams with increasing urbanization
J. Crago, Steven R. Corsi, D. Weber, R. Bannerman, R. Klaper
2011, Chemosphere (82) 1669-1674
Reproductive and oxidative stress biomarkers have been recommended as tools to assess the health of aquatic organisms. Though validated in the laboratory, there are few studies that tie a change in gene expression to adverse reproductive or population outcomes in the field. This paper looked at 17 streams with varying...
Growth of plutons by incremental emplacement of sheets in crystal-rich host: Evidence from Miocene intrusions of the Colorado River region, Nevada, USA
C. F. Miller, D.J. Furbish, B.A. Walker, L.L. Claiborne, G.C. Koteas, H.A. Bleick, J.S. Miller
2011, Tectonophysics (500) 65-77
Growing evidence supports the notion that plutons are constructed incrementally, commonly over long periods of time, yet field evidence for the multiple injections that seem to be required is commonly sparse or absent. Timescales of up to several million years, among other arguments, indicate that the dominant volume does...
Developing empirical collapse fragility functions for global building types
K. Jaiswal, D. Wald, D. D’Ayala
2011, Earthquake Spectra (27) 775-795
Building collapse is the dominant cause of casualties during earthquakes. In order to better predict human fatalities, the U.S. Geological Survey’s Prompt Assessment of Global Earthquakes for Response (PAGER) program requires collapse fragility functions for global building types. The collapse fragility is expressed as the probability of collapse at discrete...
Use of habitats by female mallards wintering in Southwestern Louisiana
Paul T. Link, A. D. Afton, R. R. Cox Jr., B.E. Davis
2011, Waterbirds (34) 429-438
Habitat use by wintering Mallards (Anas platyrhychos) on the Gulf Coast Chenier Plain (GCCP) has received little study and quantitative data is needed for management of GCCP waterfowl. Radio-telemetry techniques were used to record habitats used by 135 female Mallards during winters 2004-2005 and 2005-2006 in south-western Louisiana. Habitat use...
