Do well-connected landscapes promote road-related mortality?
C. Grilo, F. Ascensao, M. Santos-Reis, J.A. Bissonette
2011, European Journal of Wildlife Research (57) 707-716
Cost surface (CS) models have emerged as a useful tool to examine the interactions between landscapes patterns and wildlife at large-scale extents. This approach is particularly relevant to guide conservation planning for species that show vulnerability to road networks in human-dominated landscapes. In this study, we measured the functional connectivity...
Effects of a low severity prescribed fire on water-soluble elements in ash from a cork oak (Quercus suber) forest located in the northeast of the Iberian Peninsula
P. Pereira, X. beda, Deborah A. Martin, J. Mataix-Solera, C. Guerrero
2011, Environmental Research (111) 237-247
Wildfire is the major disturbance in Mediterranean forests. Prescribed fire can be an alternative to reduce the amount of fuel and hence decrease the wildfire risk. However the effects of prescribed fire must be studied, especially on ash properties, because ash is an important nutrient source for ecosystem recovery. The...
Mapping the Philippines' mangrove forests using Landsat imagery
Jordan Long, Chandra Giri
2011, Sensors (11) 2972-2981
Current, accurate, and reliable information on the areal extent and spatial distribution of mangrove forests in the Philippines is limited. Previous estimates of mangrove extent do not illustrate the spatial distribution for the entire country. This study, part of a global assessment of mangrove dynamics, mapped the spatial distribution and...
The timing of tertiary metamorphism and deformation in the Albion-Raft River-Grouse Creek metamorphic core complex, Utah and Idaho
A. Strickland, E. L. Miller, J. L. Wooden
2011, Journal of Geology (119) 185-206
The Albion-Raft River-Grouse Creek metamorphic core complex of southern Idaho and northern Utah exposes 2.56-Ga orthogneisses and Neoproterozoic metasedimentary rocks that were intruded by 32-25-Ma granitic plutons. Pluton emplacement was contemporaneous with peak metamorphism, ductile thinning of the country rocks, and top-to-thewest, normal-sense shear along the Middle Mountain shear zone....
Occurrence and fate of the herbicide glyphosate and its degradate aminomethylphosphonic acid in the atmosphere
Feng-Chih Chang, M.F. Simcik, P. D. Capel
2011, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (30) 548-555
This is the first report on the ambient levels of glyphosate, the most widely used herbicide in the United States, and its major degradation product, aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA), in air and rain. Concurrent, weekly integrated air particle and rain samples were collected during two growing seasons in agricultural areas in...
Volatile abundances and oxygen isotopes in basaltic to dacitic lavas on mid-ocean ridges: The role of assimilation at spreading centers
V.D. Wanless, M.R. Perfit, W.I. Ridley, P.J. Wallace, Craig B. Grimes, E.M. Klein
2011, Chemical Geology (287) 54-65
Most geochemical variability in MOR basalts is consistent with low- to moderate-pressure fractional crystallization of various mantle-derived parental melts. However, our geochemical data from MOR high-silica glasses, including new volatile and oxygen isotope data, suggest that assimilation of altered crustal material plays a significant role in the petrogenesis of dacites...
Spatial variability of biotic and abiotic tree establishment constraints across a treeline ecotone in the Alaska Range
K.M. Stueve, R.E. Isaacs, L.E. Tyrrell, R.V. Densmore
2011, Ecology (92) 496-506
Throughout interior Alaska (USA), a gradual warming trend in mean monthly temperatures occurred over the last few decades (∼∼2-–4°°C). The accompanying increases in woody vegetation at many alpine treeline (hereafter treeline) locations provided an opportunity to examine how biotic and abiotic local site conditions interact to control tree establishment patterns...
Does small-perimeter fencing inhibit mule deer or pronghorn use of water developments?
R.T. Larsen, John Bissonette, J.T. Flinders, A.C. Robinson
2011, Journal of Wildlife Management (75) 1417-1425
Wildlife water development can be an important habitat management strategy in western North America for many species, including both pronghorn (Antilocapra americana) and mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus). In many areas, water developments are fenced (often with small-perimeter fencing) to exclude domestic livestock and feral horses. Small-perimeter exclosures could limit wild...
Interannual variation of rare earth element abundances in corals from northern coast of the South China Sea and its relation with sea-level change and human activities
Yajing Liu, Z. Peng, G. Wei, T. Chen, W. Sun, J. He, Gaisheng Liu, C. L. Chou, C.-C. Shen
2011, Marine Environmental Research (71) 62-69
Here we present interannual rare earth element (REE) records spanning the last two decades of the 20th century in two living Porites corals, collected from Longwan Bay, close to the estuarine zones off Wanquan River of Hainan Island and Hong Kong off the Pearl River Delta of Guangdong Province in the northern...
New aerial survey and hierarchical model to estimate manatee abundance
Catherine A. Langtimm, Robert Dorazio, B.M. Stith, T.J. Doyle
2011, Journal of Wildlife Management (75) 399-412
Monitoring the response of endangered and protected species to hydrological restoration is a major component of the adaptive management framework of the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan. The endangered Florida manatee (Trichechus manatus latirostris) lives at the marine-freshwater interface in southwest Florida and is likely to be affected by hydrologic restoration....
Atmospheric stability effects on wind fields and scalar mixing within and just above a subalpine forest in sloping terrain
Sean P. Burns, Jielun Sun, D.H. Lenschow, S.P. Oncley, B.B. Stephens, C. Yi, Dean E. Anderson, Jiawen Hu, Russell K. Monson
2011, Boundary-Layer Meteorology (138) 231-262
Air temperature T a , specific humidity q, CO2 mole fraction χ c , and three-dimensional winds were measured in mountainous terrain from five tall towers within a 1 km region encompassing a wide range of canopy densities. The measurements were sorted by a bulk Richardson number Ri b . For stable conditions, we found vertical scalar differences developed over a “transition”...
Estimating detection and density of the Andean cat in the high Andes
Juan Reppucci, Beth Gardner, Mauro Lucherini
2011, Journal of Mammalogy (92) 140-147
The Andean cat (Leopardus jacobita) is one of the most endangered, yet least known, felids. Although the Andean cat is considered at risk of extinction, rigorous quantitative population studies are lacking. Because physical observations of the Andean cat are difficult to make in the wild, we used a camera-trapping array...
Goldschmidt crater and the Moon's north polar region: Results from the Moon Mineralogy Mapper (M3)
L.C. Cheek, C.M. Pieters, J.W. Boardman, R. N. Clark, J. #NAME? Combe, J.W. Head, P.J. Isaacson, T. B. McCord, D. Moriarty, J.W. Nettles, N.E. Petro, J.M. Sunshine, L.A. Taylor
2011, Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets (116)
Soils within the impact crater Goldschmidt have been identified as spectrally distinct from the local highland material. High spatial and spectral resolution data from the Moon Mineralogy Mapper (M3) on the Chandrayaan-1 orbiter are used to examine the character of Goldschmidt crater in detail. Spectral parameters applied to a north...
Regional contamination versus regional dietary differences: Understanding geographic variation in brominated and chlorinated contaminant levels in polar bears
M.A. McKinney, R. J. Letcher, Jon Aars, E.W. Born, Marsha Branigan, R. Dietz, T.J. Evans, Geir W. Gabrielsen, D.C.G. Muir, Elizabeth L. Peacock, C. Sonne
2011, Environmental Science & Technology (45) 896-902
The relative contribution of regional contamination versus dietary differences to geographic variation in polar bear (Ursus maritimus) contaminant levels is unknown. Dietary variation between Alaska, Canada, East Greenland, and Svalbard subpopulations was assessed by muscle nitrogen and carbon stable isotope (δ15N, δ13C) and adipose fatty acid (FA) signatures relative to...
Challenges in identifying sites climatically matched to the native ranges of animal invaders
G.H. Rodda, C. S. Jarnevich, R.N. Reed
2011, PLoS ONE (6)
Background: Species distribution models are often used to characterize a species' native range climate, so as to identify sites elsewhere in the world that may be climatically similar and therefore at risk of invasion by the species. This endeavor provoked intense public controversy over recent attempts to model areas at...
Direction of unsaturated flow in a homogeneous and isotropic hillslope
N. Lu, B.S. Kaya, J. W. Godt
2011, Water Resources Research (47)
The distribution of soil moisture in a homogeneous and isotropic hillslope is a transient, variably saturated physical process controlled by rainfall characteristics, hillslope geometry, and the hydrological properties of the hillslope materials. The major driving mechanisms for moisture movement are gravity and gradients in matric potential. The latter is solely...
Integrating occupancy modeling and interview data for corridor identification: A case study for jaguars in Nicaragua
K.A. Zeller, S. Nijhawan, R. Salom-Perez, S.H. Potosme, James E. Hines
2011, Biological Conservation (144) 892-901
Corridors are critical elements in the long-term conservation of wide-ranging species like the jaguar (Panthera onca). Jaguar corridors across the range of the species were initially identified using a GIS-based least-cost corridor model. However, due to inherent errors in remotely sensed data and model uncertainties, these corridors warrant field verification...
Monitoring the Earthquake source process in North America
Robert B. Herrmann, H. Benz, C.J. Ammon
2011, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (101) 2609-2625
With the implementation of the USGS National Earthquake Information Center Prompt Assessment of Global Earthquakes for Response system (PAGER), rapid determination of earthquake moment magnitude is essential, especially for earthquakes that are felt within the contiguous United States. We report an implementation of moment tensor processing for application to broad,...
The magnitude distribution of earthquakes near Southern California faults
M.T. Page, D. Alderson, J. Doyle
2011, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (116)
We investigate seismicity near faults in the Southern California Earthquake Center Community Fault Model. We search for anomalously large events that might be signs of a characteristic earthquake distribution. We find that seismicity near major fault zones in Southern California is well modeled by a Gutenberg-Richter distribution, with no evidence...
Landslide stability: Role of rainfall-induced, laterally propagating, pore-pressure waves
G. R. Priest, W.H. Schulz, W. L. Ellis, J.A. Allan, A. R. Niem, W. A. Niem
2011, Environmental & Engineering Geoscience (17) 315-335
The Johnson Creek Landslide is a translational slide in seaward-dipping Miocene siltstone and sandstone (Astoria Formation) and an overlying Quaternary marine terrace deposit. The basal slide plane slopes sub-parallel to the dip of the Miocene rocks, except beneath the back-tilted toe block, where it slopes inland. Rainfall events raise pore-water...
On the use of the beta distribution in probabilistic resource assessments
Ricardo A. Olea
2011, Natural Resources Research (20) 377-388
The triangular distribution is a popular choice when it comes to modeling bounded continuous random variables. Its wide acceptance derives mostly from its simple analytic properties and the ease with which modelers can specify its three parameters through the extremes and the mode. On the negative side, hardly any real...
Spatial variation in transient water table responses: Differences between an upper and lower hillslope zone
D.R.W. Haught, H. J. Van Meerveld
2011, Hydrological Processes (25) 3866-3877
To better understand storage-runoff dynamics, transient groundwater responses were examined in one of the steep watersheds in British Columbia's coastal mountains. Streamflow and piezometric data were collected for 1year to determine the spatial and temporal relations between transient groundwater levels and discharge. Correlations between piezometer responses and lag-time analysis were...
The distribution and abundance of a nuisance native alga, Didymosphen Didymosphenia geminata, in streams of Glacier National Park: Climate drivers and management implications
Schweiger E. William, I.W. Ashton, C.C. Muhlfeld, L.A. Jones, L.L. Bahls
2011, Park Science (28)
Didymosphenia geminata (didymo) is a freshwater alga native to North America, including Glacier National Park, Montana. It has long been considered a cold-water species, but has recently spread to lower latitudes and warmer waters, and increasingly forms large blooms that cover streambeds. We used a comprehensive monitoring data set from...
Pore morphology effect in microlog for porosity prediction in a mature field
W.J. Teh, G.P. Willhite, J.H. Doveton, J.S. Tsau
2011, Conference Paper, SPE Eastern Regional Meeting
In an matured field, developed during the 1950s, no porosity logs were available from sources other than invaded zone resistivity Rxo . The microresistivity porosity is calibrated with the core porosity to yield an accurate estimate of the porosity. However, the procedure of calibrating the porosity with Rxo for a...
InSAR observations of aseismic slip associated with an earthquake swarm in the Columbia River flood basalts
Charles Wicks, W. Thelen, C. Weaver, J. Gomberg, A. Rohay, P. Bodin
2011, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (116)
In 2009 a swarm of small shallow earthquakes occurred within the basalt flows of the Columbia River Basalt Group (CRBG). The swarm occurred within a dense seismic network in the U.S. Department of Energys Hanford Site. Data from the seismic network along with interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) data from...
