Mineral resource of the month: indium
Amy C. Tolcin
2011, Earth (56) 27-27
Geologically, the occurrence of indium minerals is rare. The element most often occurs as a sulfide inclusion or substitutes in other base-metal minerals, including cassiterite, chalcopyrite, sphalerite and stannite. Indium’s abundance in the crust is estimated to be 0.05 parts per million, which makes it more abundant than silver, but...
Adaption of egg and larvae sampling techniques for lake sturgeon and broadcast spawning fishes in a deep river
Edward F. Roseman, James Boase, Gregory W. Kennedy, Jaquelyn M. Craig, Karen Soper
2011, Journal of Applied Ichthyology (27) 89-92
In this report we describe how we adapted two techniques for sampling lake sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens) and other fish early life history stages to meet our research needs in the Detroit River, a deep, flowing Great Lakes connecting channel. First, we developed a buoy‐less method for sampling fish eggs and...
Swimming and other activities: applied aspects of fish swimming performance
Theodore R. Castro-Santos
A.P. Farrell, editor(s)
2011, Book chapter, Encyclopedia of fish physiology: from genome to the environment
Human activities such as hydropower development, water withdrawals, and commercial fisheries often put fish species at risk. Engineered solutions designed to protect species or their life stages are frequently based on assumptions about swimming performance and behaviors. In many cases, however, the appropriate data to support these designs are either...
Novel tetra-nucleotide microsatellite DNA markers for assessing the evolutionary genetics and demographics of Northern Snakehead (Channa argus) invading North America
Tim L. King, Robin L. Johnson
2011, Conservation Genetics Resources (3) 1-4
We document the isolation and characterization of 19 tetra-nucleotide microsatellite DNA markers in northern snakehead (Channa argus) fish that recently colonized Meadow Lake, New York City, New York. These markers displayed moderate levels of allelic diversity (averaging 6.8 alleles/locus) and heterozygosity (averaging 74.2%). Demographic analyses suggested that the...
Biological and geochemical controls on diel dissolved inorganic carbon cycling in a low-order agricultural stream: Implications for reach scales and beyond
Craig Tobias, J.K. Bohlke
2011, Chemical Geology (283) 18-30
Movement of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) through the hydrologic cycle is an important component of global carbon budgets, but there is considerable uncertainty about the controls of DIC transmission from landscapes to streams, and through river networks to the oceans. In this study, diel measurements of DIC, d13C-DIC, dissolved oxygen...
Drought effect on selection of conservation reserve program grasslands by white-tailed deer on the Northern Great Plains
T.W. Grovenburg, C.N. Jacques, R. W. Klaver, J.A. Jenks
2011, American Midland Naturalist (166) 147-162
Limited information exists regarding summer resource selection of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in grassland regions of the Northern Great Plains. During summers 2005-2006, we analyzed habitat selection of adult female white-tailed deer in north-central South Dakota. We collected 1905 summer locations and used 21 and 30 home ranges during 2005...
Notes on the geology and meteorology of sites infected with white-nose syndrome before July 2010 in Southeastern United States
Christopher S. Swezey, Christopher P. Garrity
2011, NSS News (2011) 16-25
Since 2006, numerous bat colonies in North America have experienced unusually high incidences of mortality. In these colonies, bats are infected by a white fungus named Geomyces destructans, which has been observed on bat muzzles, noses, ears, and (or) wings. Although it is not exactly certain how and why these...
On the Hydrologic Adjustment of Climate-Model Projections: The Potential Pitfall of Potential Evapotranspiration
Paul C.D. Milly, Krista A. Dunne
2011, Earth Interactions (15) 1-14
Hydrologic models often are applied to adjust projections of hydroclimatic change that come from climate models. Such adjustment includes climate-bias correction, spatial refinement ("downscaling"), and consideration of the roles of hydrologic processes that were neglected in the climate model. Described herein is a quantitative analysis of the effects of hydrologic...
Measurement of net nitrogen and phosphorus mineralization in wetland soils using a modification of the resin-core technique
Gregory B. Noe
2011, Biogeochemistry (75) 760-770
A modification of the resin-core method was developed and tested for measuring in situ soil N and P net mineralization rates in wetland soils where temporal variation in bidirectional vertical water movement and saturation can complicate measurement. The modified design includes three mixed-bed ion-exchange resin bags located above and three...
Mountain-block recharge, present and past, in the eastern Espanola Basin, New Mexico, USA
Andrew H. Manning
2011, Hydrogeology Journal (19) 379-397
Noble gas recharge temperatures (NGTs) and radiocarbon ages were determined for 43 groundwater samples collected in the eastern Española Basin, New Mexico (USA), to identify mountain-block recharge in waters <10 thousand years (ka) old and to evaluate possible changes in mountain-block recharge over the past ∼35 ka. For Holocene samples from...
The influence of irrigation water on the hydrology and lake water budgets of two small arid-climate lakes in Khorezm, Uzbekistan
J. Scott, Michael R. Rosen, L. Saito, D.L. Decker
2011, Journal of Hydrology (410) 114-125
Little is known regarding the origins and hydrology of hundreds of small lakes located in the western Uzbekistan province of Khorezm, Central Asia. Situated in the Aral Sea Basin, Khorezm is a productive agricultural region, growing mainly cotton, wheat, and rice. Irrigation is provided by an extensive canal network that...
Superficial simplicity of the 2010 El Mayorg-Cucapah earthquake of Baja California in Mexico
S. Wei, E. Fielding, S. Leprince, A. Sladen, J.-P. Avouac, D. Helmberger, E. Hauksson, R. Chu, M. Simons, K. Hudnut, T. Herring, R. Briggs
2011, Nature Geoscience (4) 615-618
The geometry of faults is usually thought to be more complicated at the surface than at depth and to control the initiation, propagation and arrest of seismic ruptures<a id="ref-link-section-d18013e479" title="Bouchon, M., Campillo, M. & Cotton, F. Stress field associated with the rupture of the 1992 Landers, California, earthquake and its...
QuickBird satellite imagery as a tool for restoration and rehabilitation of Lake Sevan, Armenia
Martin A. Stapanian
2011, Hydrobiologia (661) 81-83
Lake Sevan in Armenia is the largest freshwater lake in the Transcaucasus region and is one of the largest high-altitude freshwater lakes in Eurasia (Babayan et al., 2006). Armenia is a small (29,743 km2), land- locked country that is comparatively poor in natural resources and...
Mineral resource of the month: garnet
Donald W. Olson
2011, Earth (56) 29-29
Garnet, the birthstone for the month of January, has been used as a gemstone for centuries. Garnet necklaces dating from the Bronze Age have been found in graves, and garnet is found among the ornaments adorning the oldest Egyptian mummies. However, garnet’s characteristics, such as its relatively high hardness and...
And last comes XYZ
Bill Langer
2011, Aggregates Manager (16) 52-52
Catesian Coordinates can be used to specify the position of any point in three-dimensional space by measuring its distances from three mutually perpendicular planes....
Ecological strategies in california chaparral: Interacting effects of soils, climate, and fire on specific leaf area
Brian Anacker, Nishanta Rajakaruna, David Ackerly, Susan Harrison, Jon E. Keeley, Michael Vasey
2011, Plant Ecology and Diversity (4) 179-188
Background: High values of specific leaf area (SLA) are generally associated with high maximal growth rates in resource-rich conditions, such as mesic climates and fertile soils. However, fire may complicate this relationship since its frequency varies with both climate and soil fertility, and fire frequency selects for regeneration strategies (resprouting...
Establishment of aerial seeding treatments in blackbrush and pinyon-juniper sites following the 2005 Southern Nevada Complex: Chapter 5
Robert C. Klinger, Matthew L. Brooks, Neil Frakes, John R. Matchett, Randy McKinley, Karen Prentice
2011, Report, Southern Nevada Complex emergency stabilization and rehabilitation final report
No abstract available....
The 16 May 1909 northern Great Plains earthquake
W. H. Bakun, M. C. Stickney, Gary C. Rogers
2011, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (101) 3065-3071
The largest historical earthquake in the northern Great Plains occurred on 16 May 1909. Our analysis of intensity assignments places the earthquake location (48.81° N, 105.38° W) close to the Montana–Saskatchewan border with an intensity magnitude MI of 5.3–5.4. Observations from two seismic observatories in Europe give an average Ms...
Deep rock damage in the san andreas fault revealed by P- and S-type fault-zone-guided waves
William L. Ellsworth, Peter E. Malin
2011, Geological Society Special Publication (359) 39-53
Damage to fault-zone rocks during fault slip results in the formation of a channel of low seismic-wave velocities. Within such channels guided seismic waves, denoted by Fg, can propagate. Here we show with core samples, well logs and Fg-waves that such a channel is crossed by the SAFOD (San Andreas...
A mass-balance model to separate and quantify colloidal and solute redistributions in soil
C.R. Bern, O.A. Chadwick, A.S. Hartshorn, L.M. Khomo, J. Chorover
2011, Chemical Geology (282) 113-119
Studies of weathering and pedogenesis have long used calculations based upon low solubility index elements to determine mass gains and losses in open systems. One of the questions currently unanswered in these settings is the degree to which mass is transferred in solution (solutes) versus suspension (colloids). Here we show...
Ratios of total suspended solids to suspended sediment concentrations by particle size
W.R. Selbig, R.T. Bannerman
2011, Journal of Environmental Engineering (137) 1075-1081
Wet-sieving sand-sized particles from a whole storm-water sample before splitting the sample into laboratory-prepared containers can reduce bias and improve the precision of suspended-sediment concentrations (SSC). Wet-sieving, however, may alter concentrations of total suspended solids (TSS) because the analytical method used to determine TSS may not have included the sediment...
Reassessment of stable continental regions of Southeast Asia
R. L. Wheeler
2011, Seismological Research Letters (82) 971-983
Probabilistic seismic-hazard assessments of the central and eastern United States (CEUS) require estimates of the size of the largest possible earthquake (Mmax). In most of the CEUS, sparse historical seismicity does not provide a record of moderate and large earthquakes that is sufficient to constrain Mmax. One remedy for the...
Survey of stranded gas and delivered costs to Europe of selected gas resources
Emil D. Attanasi, Philip A. Freeman
2011, Conference Paper
Two important trends affecting the expected growth of global gas markets are (1) the shift by many industrialized countries from coal-fired electricity generation to the use of natural gas to generate electricity and (2) the industrialization of the heavily populated Asian countries of India and China. This paper surveys discovered...
Shared bacterial and viral respiratory agents in bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis), domestic sheep (Ovis aries), and goats (Capra hircus) in Montana
David S. Miller, Glen C. Weiser, Keith Aune, Brent Roeder, Mark Atkinson, Neil Anderson, Thomas J. Roffe, Kim A. Keating, Phillip L. Chapman, Cleon Kimberling, Jack C. Rhyan, P. Ryan Clarke
2011, Veterinary Medicine International (2011)
Transmission of infectious agents from livestock reservoirs has been hypothesized to cause respiratory disease outbreaks in bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis), and land management policies intended to limit this transmission have proven controversial. This cross-sectional study compares the infectious agents present in multiple populations of bighorn sheep near to and distant...
Evaluation of Nobuto filter paper strips for the detection of avian influenza virus antibody in waterfowl
Robert J. Dusek, Jeffrey S. Hall, Sean W. Nashold, Joshua L. Teslaa, Hon S. Ip
2011, Avian Diseases (55) 674-676
The utility of using Nobuto paper strips for the detection of avian influenza antibodies was examined in mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) experimentally infected with low pathogenic avian influenza viruses. Blood was collected 2 wk after infection and was preserved either as serum or whole blood absorbed onto Nobuto strips. Analysis of...
