Predicting breeding bird occurrence by stand- and microhabitat-scale features in even-aged stands in the Central Appalachians
M.E. McDermott, Petra B. Wood, G.W. Miller, B.T. Simpson
2011, Forest Ecology and Management (261) 373-380
Spatial scale is an important consideration when managing forest wildlife habitat, and models can be used to improve our understanding of these habitats at relevant scales. Our objectives were to determine whether stand- or microhabitat-scale variables better predicted bird metrics (diversity, species presence, and abundance) and to examine breeding bird...
A counter-intuitive approach to calculating non-exchangeable 2H isotopic composition of hair: treating the molar exchange fraction fE as a process-related rather than compound-specific variable
J.M. Landwehr, W. Meier-Augenstein, H.F. Kemp
2011, Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry (25) 301-306
Hair is a keratinous tissue that incorporates hydrogen from material that an animal consumes but it is metabolically inert following synthesis. The stable hydrogen isotope composition of hair has been used in ecological studies to track migrations of mammals as well as for forensic and archaeological purposes to determine the...
Neoarchean paleoweathering of tonalite and metabasalt: Implications for reconstructions of 2.69Ga early terrestrial ecosystems and paleoatmospheric chemistry
S.G. Driese, M.A. Jirsa, M. Ren, S.L. Brantley, N.D. Sheldon, Dana C. Parker, M. Schmitz
2011, Precambrian Research (189) 1-17
Field and laboratory investigations of a 2690.83 Ma (207Pb/206Pb age of Saganaga Tonalite) unconformity exposed in outcrop in northeastern Minnesota, USA, reveal evidence for development of a deep paleoweathering profile with geochemical biosignatures consistent with the presence of microbial communities and weakly oxygenated conditions. Weathering profiles are characterized by a 5–50 m...
Origin of a rhyolite that intruded a geothermal well while drilling at the Krafla volcano, Iceland
W.A. Elders, G.O. Fridleifsson, R.A. Zierenberg, E.C. Pope, A.K. Mortensen, A. Gudmundsson, Jacob B. Lowenstern, N.E. Marks, L. Owens, D.K. Bird, M. Reed, N.J. Olsen, Peter Schiffmant
2011, Geology (39) 231-234
Magma flowed into an exploratory geothermal well at 2.1 km depth being drilled in the Krafla central volcano in Iceland, creating a unique opportunity to study rhyolite magma in situ in a basaltic environment. The quenched magma is a partly vesicular, sparsely phyric, glass containing ∼1.8% of dissolved volatiles. Based...
An analysis of modern pollen rain from the Maya lowlands of northern Belize
T. Bhattacharya, T. Beach, David B. Wahl
2011, Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology (164) 109-120
In the lowland Maya area, pollen records provide important insights into the impact of past human populations and climate change on tropical ecosystems. Despite a long history of regional paleoecological research, few studies have characterized the palynological signatures of lowland ecosystems, a fact which lowers confidence in ecological inferences made...
An acarologic survey and Amblyomma americanum distribution map with implications for tularemia risk in Missouri
H.E. Brown, K.F. Yates, G. Dietrich, K. MacMillan, C.B. Graham, S.M. Reese, Wm. S. Helterbrand, W.L. Nicholson, K. Blount, P.S. Mead, S.L. Patrick, R.J. Eisen
2011, American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene (84) 411-419
In the United States, tickborne diseases occur focally. Missouri represents a major focus of several tickborne diseases that includes spotted fever rickettsiosis, tularemia, and ehrlichiosis. Our study sought to determine the potential risk of human exposure to human-biting vector ticks in this area. We collected ticks in 79 sites in...
Fire in southern Australia
Jon E. Keeley, William J. Bond, Ross A. Bradstock, Juli G. Pausas, Philip W. Rundel
2011, Book chapter, Fire in Mediterranean ecosystems: Ecology, evolution and management
The mediterranean-type climate (MTC) in Australia spans from the southwestern part of Western Australia to include much of South Australia and western Victoria (Fig. 8.1), which covers a longitudinal distance second only to the Mediterranean Basin MTC region. As in other MTC regions, the highly fire-prone evergreen sclerophyllous shrub and...
Biological and geochemical controls on diel dissolved inorganic carbon cycling in a low-order agricultural stream: Implications for reach scales and beyond
Craig Tobias, J.K. Bohlke
2011, Chemical Geology (283) 18-30
Movement of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) through the hydrologic cycle is an important component of global carbon budgets, but there is considerable uncertainty about the controls of DIC transmission from landscapes to streams, and through river networks to the oceans. In this study, diel measurements of DIC, d13C-DIC, dissolved oxygen...
QuickBird satellite imagery as a tool for restoration and rehabilitation of Lake Sevan, Armenia
Martin A. Stapanian
2011, Hydrobiologia (661) 81-83
Lake Sevan in Armenia is the largest freshwater lake in the Transcaucasus region and is one of the largest high-altitude freshwater lakes in Eurasia (Babayan et al., 2006). Armenia is a small (29,743 km2), land- locked country that is comparatively poor in natural resources and...
Groundwater conditions in Utah, spring of 2011
Carole B. Burden
2011, Cooperative Investigations Report 52
This is the forty-eighth in a series of annual reports that describe groundwater conditions in Utah. Reports in this series, published cooperatively by the U.S. Geological Survey and the Utah Department of Natural Resources, Division of Water Rights, and the Utah Department of Environmental Quality, Division of Water Quality, provide...
Establishment of aerial seeding treatments in blackbrush and pinyon-juniper sites following the 2005 Southern Nevada Complex: Chapter 5
Robert C. Klinger, Matthew L. Brooks, Neil Frakes, John R. Matchett, Randy McKinley, Karen Prentice
2011, Report, Southern Nevada Complex emergency stabilization and rehabilitation final report
No abstract available....
Soil erosion risks following the 2005 Southern Nevada Fire Complex: Chapter 8
John R. Matchett, Matthew L. Brooks
2011, Report, Southern Nevada Complex emergency stabilization and rehabilitation final report
No abstract available....
Random variability explains apparent global clustering of large earthquakes
A.J. Michael
2011, Geophysical Research Letters (38)
The occurrence of 5 Mw ≥ 8.5 earthquakes since 2004 has created a debate over whether or not we are in a global cluster of large earthquakes, temporarily raising risks above long-term levels. I use three classes of statistical tests to determine if the record of M ≥ 7 earthquakes...
Hydrogeomorphic processes of thermokarst lakes with grounded-ice and floating-ice regimes on the Arctic coastal plain, Alaska
C.D. Arp, Benjamin M. Jones, F.E. Urban, G. Grosse
2011, Hydrological Processes (25) 2422-2438
Thermokarst lakes cover > 20% of the landscape throughout much of the Alaskan Arctic Coastal Plain (ACP) with shallow lakes freezing solid (grounded ice) and deeper lakes maintaining perennial liquid water (floating ice). Thus, lake depth relative to maximum ice thickness (1·5–2·0 m) represents an important threshold that impacts permafrost,...
Source and site response study of the 2008 Mount Carmel, Illinois, earthquake
S. Hartzell, C. Mendoza
2011, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (101) 951-963
Two separate inversions are performed using the ground-motion data from the 2008 Mount Carmel, Illinois, earthquake. One uses aftershocks as empirical Green’s functions to determine a finite-fault slip distribution. The second uses mainshock ground-motion spectra to calculate source, path, and site response parameters. The slip inversion reveals a prominent asperity...
Eruption dynamics of Hawaiian-style fountains: The case study of episode 1 of the Kilauea Iki 1959 eruption
W.K. Stovall, Bruce F. Houghton, H. Gonnermann, S.A. Fagents, Don Swanson
2011, Bulletin of Volcanology (73) 511-529
Hawaiian eruptions are characterized by fountains of gas and ejecta, sustained for hours to days that reach tens to hundreds of meters in height. Quantitative analysis of the pyroclastic products from the 1959 eruption of Kīlauea Iki, Kīlauea volcano, Hawai‘i, provides insights into the processes occurring during typical Hawaiian fountaining...
Occurrence of azoxystrobin, propiconazole, and selected other fungicides in US streams, 2005-2006
William A. Battaglin, Mark W. Sandstrom, Kathryn Kuivila, Dana W. Kolpin, Michael T. Meyer
2011, Water, Air, & Soil Pollution (218) 307-322
Fungicides are used to prevent foliar diseases on a wide range of vegetable, field, fruit, and ornamental crops. They are generally more effective as protective rather than curative treatments, and hence tend to be applied before infections take place. Less than 1% of US soybeans were treated with a fungicide...
Inference for occupancy and occupancy dynamics
Allan F. O’Connell, Larissa L. Bailey
Allan F. O’Connell, James D. Nichols, K. Ullas Karanth, editor(s)
2011, Book chapter, Camera traps in animal ecology
This chapter deals with the estimation of occupancy as a state variable to assess the status of, and track changes in, species distributions when sampling with camera traps. Much of the recent interest in occupancy estimation and modeling originated from the models developed by MacKenzie et al. (2002, 2003), although...
Redefinition and global estimation of basal ecosystem respiration rate
W. Yuan, Y. Luo, X. Li, S. Liu, G. Yu, T. Zhou, M. Bahn, A. Black, A.R. Desai, A. Cescatti, B. Marcolla, C. Jacobs, J. Chen, M. Aurela, C. Bernhofer, B. Gielen, G. Bohrer, D.R. Cook, D. Dragoni, A.L. Dunn, D. Gianelle, T. Grnwald, A. Ibrom, M.Y. Leclerc, A. Lindroth, H. Liu, L.B. Marchesini, L. Montagnani, G. Pita, M. Rodeghiero, A. Rodrigues, G. Starr, Paul C. Stoy
2011, Global Biogeochemical Cycles (25) 1-14
Basal ecosystem respiration rate (BR), the ecosystem respiration rate at a given temperature, is a common and important parameter in empirical models for quantifying ecosystem respiration (ER) globally. Numerous studies have indicated that BR varies in space. However, many empirical ER models still use a global constant BR largely due...
Summer nitrate uptake and denitrification in an upper Mississippi River backwater lake: The role of rooted aquatic vegetation
Rebecca Kreiling, William B. Richardson, J.C. Cavanaugh, Lynn Bartsch
2011, Biogeochemistry (104) 309-324
In-stream nitrogen processing in the Mississippi River has been suggested as one mechanism to reduce coastal eutrophication in the Gulf of Mexico. Aquatic macrophytes in river channels and flood plain lakes have the potential to temporarily remove large quantities of nitrogen through assimilation both by themselves and by the attached...
Shallow lithological structure across the Dead Sea Transform derived from geophysical experiments
J. Stankiewicz, G. Munoz, O. Ritter, Paul A. Bedrosian, T. Ryberg, U. Weckmann, M. Weber
2011, Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems (12)
In the framework of the DEad SEa Rift Transect (DESERT) project a 150 km magnetotelluric profile consisting of 154 sites was carried out across the Dead Sea Transform. The resistivity model presented shows conductive structures in the western section of the study area terminating abruptly at the Arava Fault. For...
Seasonal habitat shifts by benthic fishes in headwater streams
Adam V. Rettig, Shannon K. Brewer
2011, Proceedings of the Southeastern Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies (65) 105-111
Fish-habitat associations in streams have been widely studied; however, temporal considerations have been neglected, particularly during the winter. We quantitatively sampled perennial headwater streams in the Missouri Ozarks during the summer (n = 13) and winter (n = 4) to evaluate possible habitat shifts by three benthic fishes at two...
History of wildlife toxicology and the interpretation of contaminant concentrations in tissues
Barnett A. Rattner, Anton M. Scheuhammer, J. E. Elliott
W. Nelson Beyer, James P. Meador, editor(s)
2011, Book chapter, Environmental contaminants in biota: Interpreting tissue concentrations
The detection and interpretation of contaminants in tissues of wildlife belongs to the field of toxicology, a scientific discipline with a long, intriguing, and illustrious history. Concern over poisoning of wildlife began in the late nineteenth century, and initially focused more on identifying environmental problems than determining contaminant concentrations in...
Disaster risk assessment case study: Recent drought on the Navajo Nation, USA
Margaret Hiza, Klara B. Kelley, Harris Francis, Debra Block
2011, Report, 2011 Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction
The Navajo Nation is an ecologically sensitive semi-arid to arid section of the southern Colorado Plateau. In this remote part of the United States, located at the Four Corners (Arizona, New Mexico, Colorado, and Utah), traditional people live a subsistence lifestyle that is inextricably tied to, and dependent upon, landscape...
S is for sunset crater
W. H. Langer
2011, Aggregates Manager (16) 36-36
A scenic trek always includes an interesting landmark - a volcanic cinder cone....
