Modern configuration of the southwest Florida carbonate slope: Development by shelf margin progradation
G. R. Brooks, C. W. Holmes
1990, Marine Geology (94) 301-315
Depositional patterns and sedimentary processes influencing modern southwest Florida carbonate slope development have been identified based upon slope morphology, seismic facies and surface sediment characteristics. Three slope-parallel zones have been identified: (1) an upper slope progradational zone (100–500 m) characterized by...
Prediction of stream volatilization coefficients
Ronald E. Rathbun
1990, Journal of Environmental Engineering (116) 615-631
Equations are developed for predicting the liquid-film and gas-film reference-substance parameters for quantifying volatilization of organic solutes from streams. Molecular weight and molecular-diffusion coefficients of the solute are used as correlating parameters. Equations for predicting molecular-diffusion coefficients of organic solutes in water and air are developed, with molecular weight and...
A quantitative micropaleontologic method for shallow marine peleoclimatology: Application to Pliocene deposits of the western North Atlantic Ocean
T. M. Cronin, H.J. Dowsett
1990, Marine Micropaleontology (16) 117-147
A transfer function was developed to estimate summer and winter paleotemperatures for arctic to tropical regions of the western North Atlantic Ocean using fossil ostracode assemblages. Q-mode factor analysis was run on ostracode assemblages from 100 modern bottom sediment samples from continental shelves of North America, Greenland and the Caribbean...
Conductivity and transit time estimates of a soil liner
I.G. Krapac, K. Cartwright, S.V. Panno, B.R. Hensel, K.H. Rehfeldt, B.L. Herzog
1990, Conference Paper
A field-scale soil linear was built to assess the feasibilty of constructing a liner to meet the saturated hydraulic conductivity requirement of the U.S. EPA (i.e., less than 1 ?? 10-7 cm/s), and to determine the breakthrough and transit times of water and tracers through the liner. The liner, 8...
Fe(III)-reducing bacteria in deeply buried sediments of the Atlantic Coastal Plain
Derek R. Lovley, F. H. Chapelle, Elizabeth J.P. Phillips
1990, Geology (18) 954-957
The possibility that microorganisms are catalyzing the ongoing reduction of Fe(III) in the sediments of deep (20-250 m) aquifers was investigated. Acetate-oxidizing, Fe(III)-reducing bacteria were recovered from deep subsurface sediments, but only from sediments in which it appeared that Fe(III) reduction was the terminal electron-accepting process for oxidation of organic...
Sediment movement along the U.S. east coast continental shelf-II. Modelling suspended sediment concentration and transport rate during storms
V.D. Lyne, B. Butman, W.D. Grant
1990, Continental Shelf Research (10) 429-460
Long-term near-bottom wave and current observations and a one-dimensional sediment transport model are used to calculate the concentration and transport of sediment during winter storms at 60-80 m water depth along the southern flank of Georges Bank and in the Mid-Atlantic Bight. Calculations are presented for five stations, separated by...
The uniqueness of humic substances in each of soil, stream and marine environments
Ronald L. Malcolm
1990, Analytica Chimica Acta (232) 19-30
Definitive compositional differences are shown to exist for both fulvic acids and humic acids from soil, stream and marine environments by five different methods (1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, 14C age and ?? 13C isotopic analyses, amino acid analyses and pyrolysis-mass spectrometry). Definitive differences are also found between fulvic acids...
Vapor-pressure osmometric study of the molecular weight and aggregation tendency of a reference-soil fulvic acid
J.A. Marinsky, M.M. Reddy
1990, Analytica Chimica Acta (232) 123-130
The molecular weight and aggregation tendency of a reference-soil fulvic acid in Armadale horizon Bh were determined by vapor-pressure osmometry using tetrahydrofuran and water as solvents. With tetrahydrofuran, number-average molecular weight values of 767 ?? 34 and 699 ?? 8 daltons were obtained from two separate sets of measurements. Two...
Distribution and transport of sediment-bound metal contaminants in the Rio Grande de Tarcoles, Costa Rica (Central America)
C. C. Fuller, J.A. Davis, D.J. Cain, P. J. Lamothe, T.L.G. Fries Fernandez, J.A. Vargas, M.M. Murillo
1990, Water Research (24) 805-812
A reconnaissance survey of the extent of metal contamination in the Rio Grande de Tarcoles river system of Costa Rica indicated high levels of chromium (Cr) in the fine-grain bed sediments (<60 μm) of tributaries downstream from leather tanneries (50–83 times Cr background or 3000–5000 μg/g). In the main channel of...
D/H on Mars: Effects of floods, volcanism, impacts, and polar processes
M. H. Carr
1990, Icarus (87) 210-227
Water in the Martian atmosphere is 5.1 times more enriched in deuterium than terrestial water. The enrichment has been previously attributed to either a massive loss of water early in the planet's history or the presence of only a very small...
Episodic changes in lateral transport and phytoplankton distribution in South San Francisco Bay
L.M. Huzzey, J. E. Cloern, T.M. Powell
1990, Limnology and Oceanography (35) 472-478
Increased lateral flows were directed to the west and may explain the large fluctuations in phytoplankton biomass observed over the broad eastern shoal during spring. -from Authors...
Determination of trace concentrations of volatile organic compounds in ground water using closed-loop stripping, Edwards aquifer, Texas
P.M. Buszka, S.D. Zaugg, M.G. Werner
1990, Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology (45) 507-515
No abstract available....
Multidisciplinary hydrologic investigations at Yucca Mountain, Nevada
William W. Dudley Jr.
1990, Conference Paper
Future climatic conditions and tectonic processes have the potential to cause significant changes of the hydrologic system in the southern Great Basin, where a nuclear-waste repository is proposed for construction above the water table at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. Geothermal anomalies in the vicinity of Yucca Mountain probably result from the...
Kinetically influenced terms for solute transport affected by heterogeneous and homogeneous classical reactions
Jean M. Bahr
1990, Water Resources Research (26) 21-34
Simulation of transport affected by heterogeneous or homogeneous reversible reactions requires a choice between local equilibrium-based and kinetics-based models. The error associated with the use of equilibrium-based models is equivalent to the error of neglecting certain mathematical terms in the governing kinetics-based transport equations. Identification and evaluation of these kinetically...
Sediment movement along the U.S. east coast continental shelf-I. Estimates of bottom stress using the Grant-Madsen model and near-bottom wave and current measurements
V.D. Lyne, B. Butman, W.D. Grant
1990, Continental Shelf Research (10) 397-428
Bottom stress is calculated for several long-term time-series observations, made on the U.S. east coast continental shelf during winter, using the wave-current interaction and moveable bed models of Grant and Madsen (1979, Journal of Geophysical Research, 84, 1797-1808; 1982, Journal of Geophysical Research, 87, 469-482). The wave and current measurements...
Paleoclimatic implications of the high stand of Lake Lahontan derived from models of evaporation and lake level
S. Hostetler, L. V. Benson
1990, Climate Dynamics (4) 207-217
Based on previous climate model simulations of a split of the polar jet stream during the late Pleistocene, we hypothesize that (1) 20-13.5 ka BP, season-to-season variation in the latitudinal maximum of the jet stream core led to enhanced wetness in the Great Basin, and (2) after 13.5 ka BP,...
Holocene paleoclimatic evidence and sedimentation rates from a core in southwestern Lake Michigan
Steven M. Colman, Glenn A. Jones, R. M. Forester, D.S. Foster
1990, Journal of Paleolimnology (4) 269-284
Preliminary results of a multidisciplinary study of cores in southwestern Lake Michigan suggest that the materials in these cores can be interpreted in terms of both isostatically and climatically induced changes in lake level. Ostracodes and mollusks are well preserved in the Holocene sediments, and they provide paleolimnologic and paleoclimatic...
The role of soil processes in determining mechanisms of slope failure and hillslope development in a humid-tropical forest eastern Puerto Rico
A. Simon, M. C. Larsen, C.R. Hupp
1990, Geomorphology (3) 263-286
Translational failures, with associated downslope earthflow components and shallow slides, appear to be the primary mechanism of hillslope denudation in the humid tropical forests of the mountains of eastern Puerto Rico. In-situ weathering of quartz diorite and marine-deposited volcaniclastics produces residual soil (saprolite; up to 21 m deep) / weathered...
Application of a hollow-fiber, tangential-flow device for sampling suspended bacteria and particles from natural waters
J.S. Kuwabara, R.W. Harvey
1990, Journal of Environmental Quality (19) 625-629
The design and application of a hollow-fiber tangential-flow filtration device has been used to concentrate bacteria and suspended particles from large volume surface water and groundwater samples (i.e., hundreds of liters). Filtrate tlux rates (4–8 L min−1) are equal to or faster than those of other devices that are based...
Radium and radon in Charlotte Harbor Estuary, Florida
R. L. Miller, T. F. Kraemer, B. F. McPherson
1990, Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science (31) 439-457
Radium-226 and 222Rn activities are greater in the estuarine waters of northern Charlotte Harbor and the lower tidal Peace and Myakka Rivers, Florida, than in either the freshwater reaches of the rivers or waters of the lower estuary and the Gulf of Mexico. The activity of 226Ra in the tidal rivers increases...
Vapor-phase interactions and diffusion of organic solvents in the unsaturated zone
William R. Roy, R. A. Griffin
1990, Environmental Geology and Water Sciences (15) 101-110
This article presents an analysis of the interactions and static movement of 37 organic solvents as vapors through the unsaturated soil zone. The physicochemical interactions of the organic vapors with unsaturated soil materials were emphasized with focus on diffusive, and adsorptive interactions. Fick's Law and porous media diffusion coefficients for...
Adsorption of selenium by amorphous iron oxyhydroxide and manganese dioxide
Laurie S. Balistrieri, T. T. Chao
1990, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (54) 739-751
This work compares and models the adsorption of selenium and other anions on a neutral to alkaline surface (amorphous iron oxyhydroxide) and an acidic surface (manganese dioxide). Selenium adsorption on these oxides is examined as a function of pH, particle concentration, oxidation state, and competing anion concentration in order to...
Temporal and spatial variations in the solute content of an alpine stream, Colorado Front Range
N. Caine, E.M. Thurman
1990, Geomorphology (4) 55-72
Seven years of discharge and water quality records define temporal and spatial patterns of solute movement in a Colorado alpine stream system. Dissolved solids concentrations are low, generally less than 30 mg 1−1 and occasionally less than 3 mg 1−1 at the highest elevations....
Transformation of Monoaromatic hydrocarbons to organic acids in anoxic groundwater environment
I.M. Cozzarelli, R.P. Eganhouse, M.J. Baedecker
1990, Environmental Geology and Water Sciences (16) 135-141
The transformation of benzene and a series of alkylbenzenes was studied in anoxic groundwater of a shallow glacial-outwash aquifer near Bemidji, Minnesota, U.S.A. Monoaromatic hydrocarbons, the most water-soluble components of crude oil, were transported downgradient of an oil spill, forming a plume of contaminated groundwater. Organic acids that were not...
Coastal retreat and shoreface profile variations in the Canadian Beaufort Sea
A. Hequette, P. W. Barnes
1990, Marine Geology (91) 113-132
The coastline of the southern Canadian Beaufort Sea consists primarily of unconsolidated bluffs. Although the sea is ice-free for 3 months of the year and wave energy is restricted by pack ice, the coast is undergoing regional retreat with erosion rates as...
