Evaluating the impacts of wildland fires on caribou in interior Alaska
Kyle Joly, Layne G. Adams, Bruce W. Dale, William Collins
2002, Arctic Research of the United States (16) 63-67
Caribou are found throughout the boreal forests of interior Alaska, a region subject to chronic and expansive wildland fires. Fruticose lichens, if available, constitute the majority of the winter diet of caribou throughout their range and are common in mature boreal forests but largely absent from early successional stages. Fire,...
Absolute timing of sulfide and gold mineralization: A comparison of Re-Os molybdenite and Ar-Ar mica methods from the Tintina Gold Belt, Alaska
D. Selby, R.A. Creaser, C.J.R. Hart, C.S. Rombach, J. F. H. Thompson, Moira T. Smith, A.A. Bakke, R.J. Goldfarb
2002, Geology (30) 791-794
New Re-Os molybdenite dates from two lode gold deposits of the Tintina Gold Belt, Alaska, provide direct timing constraints for sulfide and gold mineralization. At Fort Knox, the Re-Os molybdenite date is identical to the U-Pb zircon age for the host intrusion, supporting an intrusive-related origin for the deposit. However,...
Bryophytes from Tuxedni Wilderness area, Alaska
Wilfred B. Schofield, Stephen S. Talbot, Sandra L. Talbot
2002, Journal of the Hattori Botanical Laboratory (92) 91-123
The bryoflora of two small maritime islands, Chisik and Duck Island (2,302 ha), comprising Tuxedni Wilderness in western lower Cook Inlet, Alaska, was examined to determine species composition in an area where no previous collections had been reported. The field study was conducted from sites selected to represent the totality...
Persistent organochlorine pollutants in ringed seals and polar bears collected from northern Alaska
J.R. Kucklick, W.D.J. Struntz, P.R. Becker, G.W. York, T. M. O'Hara, J.E. Bohonowych
2002, Science of the Total Environment (287) 45-59
Blubber samples from ringed seal (Phoca hispida; n=8) and polar bear subcutaneous fat (Ursus maritimus; n=5) were collected near Barrow, Alaska in 1996 as part of the Alaska Marine Mammal Tissue Archival Project (AMMTAP) and retained in the National Biomonitoring Specimen Bank at the National Institute of Standards and Technology...
Magmatic inflation at a dormant stratovolcano: 1996-1998 activity at Mount Peulik volcano, Alaska, revealed by satellite radar interferometry
Zhong Lu, Charles W. Wicks Jr., Daniel Dzurisin, John A. Power, Seth C. Moran, Wayne R. Thatcher
2002, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (107) ETG 4-1-ETG 4-13
A series of ERS radar interferograms that collectively span the time interval from July 1992 to August 2000 reveal that a presumed magma body located 6.6 ??? 0.5 km beneath the southwest flank of the Mount Peulik volcano inflated 0.051 ??? 0.005 km3 between October 1996 and September 1998. Peulik...
Mercury in vegetation and soils at abandoned mercury mines in southwestern Alaska, USA
E. A. Bailey, J. E. Gray, P. M. Theodorakos
2002, Geochemistry: Exploration, Environment, Analysis (2) 275-285
We chemically analysed vegetation (willow and alder) and soil samples collected at three abandoned mercury (Hg) mines and at background sites in southwestern Alaska and compared Hg concentrations, speciation and distribution. Total Hg and methylmercury (MeHg) concentrations were higher in vegetation and soil samples from all the mine sites compared...
Educational background and professional participation by federal wildlife biologists: Implications for science, management, and The Wildlife Society
Joel A. Schmutz
2002, Wildlife Society Bulletin (30) 594-598
Over 2,000 people are employed in wildlife biology in the United States federal government. The size of this constituency motivated me to examine the amount of formal education federal biologists have received and the extent of continuing education they undertake by reading journals or attending scientific meetings. Most federal biologists...
Microsatellite DNA and mitochondrial DNA variation in remnant and translocated sea otter (Enhydra lutris) populations
Shawn E. Larson, Ronald J. Jameson, James L. Bodkin, Michelle Staedler, Paul Bentzen
2002, Journal of Mammalogy (83) 893-906
All existing sea otter (Enhydra lutris) populations have suffered at least 1, and in some cases 2, population bottlenecks. The 1st occurred during the 18th and 19th centuries as a result of commercial hunting that eliminated sea otters from much their native range and reduced surviving populations to small remnants....
The effects of partial cutting on stand structure and growth of western hemlock-Sitka spruce stands in southeast Alaska
R.L. Deal, J. C. Tappeiner
2002, Forest Ecology and Management (159) 173-186
The effects of partial cutting on species composition, new and residual-tree cohorts, tree size distribution, and tree growth was evaluated on 73 plots in 18 stands throughout southeast Alaska. These partially cut stands were harvested 12-96 years ago, when 16-96% of the former stand basal area was removed. Partial cutting...
Discharge of debris from ice at the margin of the Greenland ice sheet
P. G. Knight, R. I. Waller, C. J. Patterson, A. P. Jones, Z. P. Robinson
2002, Journal of Glaciology (48) 192-198
Sediment production at a terrestrial section of the ice-sheet margin in West Greenland is dominated by debris released through the basal ice layer. The debris flux through the basal ice at the margin is estimated to be 12–45 m3 m−1 a−1. This is three orders of magnitude higher than...
Mesozoic thermal history and timing of structural events for the Yukon-Tanana Upland, east-central Alaska: 40Ar/39Ar data from metamorphic and plutonic rocks
Cynthia Dusel-Bacon, Marvin A. Lanphere, W.D. Sharp, P.W. Layer, V. L. Hansen
2002, Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences (39) 1013-1051
We present new 40Ar/39Ar ages for hornblende, muscovite, and biotite from metamorphic and plutonic rocks from the YukonTanana Upland, Alaska. Integration of our data with published 40Ar/39Ar, kinematic, and metamorphic pressure (P) and temperature (T) data confirms and refines the complex interaction of metamorphism...
Genetic characterization of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus of coastal salmonid stocks in Washington State
E.J. Emmenegger, Gael Kurath
2002, Journal of Aquatic Animal Health (14) 25-34
Infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) is a pathogen that infects many Pacific salmonid stocks from the watersheds of North America. Previous studies have thoroughly characterized the genetic diversity of IHNV isolates from Alaska and the Hagerman Valley in Idaho. To enhance understanding of the evolution and viral transmission patterns of...
Evaluation of terrestrial carbon cycle models with atmospheric CO2 measurements: Results from transient simulations considering increasing CO2, climate, and land-use effects
R.J. Dargaville, Martin Heimann, A. D. McGuire, I. C. Prentice, D. W. Kicklighter, F. Joos, Joy S. Clein, G. Esser, J. Foley, J. Kaplan, R.A. Meier, J. M. Melillo, B. Moore III, N. Ramankutty, T. Reichenau, A. Schloss, S. Sitch, H. Tian, L.J. Williams, U. Wittenberg
2002, Global Biogeochemical Cycles (16) 39-1-39-15
An atmospheric transport model and observations of atmospheric CO2 are used to evaluate the performance of four Terrestrial Carbon Models (TCMs) in simulating the seasonal dynamics and interannual variability of atmospheric CO2 between 1980 and 1991. The TCMs were forced with time varying atmospheric CO2 concentrations, climate, and land use to simulate the...
Genetic parentage and mate guarding in the Arctic-breedng Western Sandpiper
D. Blomqvist, Bart Kempenaers, Richard B. Lanctot, B. K. Sandercock
2002, The Auk (119) 228-232
Extrapair copulations and fertilizations are common among birds, especially in passerines. So far, however, few studies have examined genetic mating systems in socially monogamous shorebirds. Here, we examine parentage in the Western Sandpiper (Calidris mauri). Given that Western Sandpipers nest at high densities on the Arctic tundra, have separate nesting...
A new population of Aleutian shield fern (Polystichum aleuticum C. Christens.) on Adak Island, Alaska
Sandra L. Talbot, Stephen S. Talbot
2002, American Fern Journal (92) 288-293
We report and describe a new population of the endangered Aleutian shield fern (Polystichum aleuticum C. Christens.) discovered on Mount Reed, Adak Island, Alaska. The new population is located at a lower elevation than the other known populations, placing the species' known elevational range between 338 m and 525 m....
Variation in foraging behavior and body mass in broods of Emperor Geese (Chen canagica): Evidence for interspecific density dependence
Joel A. Schmutz, K.K. Laing
2002, The Auk (119) 996-1009
Broods of geese spend time feeding according to availability and quality of food plants, subject to inherent foraging and digestive constraints. We studied behavioral patterns of broods of Emperor Geese (Chen canagica) on the Yukon–Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska, and examined how feeding and alert behavior varied in relation to habitat and...
Sea otter population structure and ecology in Alaska
James L. Bodkin, Daniel H. Monson
2002, Arctic Research of the United States (16) 31-35
Sea otters are the only fully marine otter. They share a common ancestry with the Old World land otters, but their route of dispersal to the New World is uncertain. The historic range of the species is along the northern Pacific Ocean rim, between central Baja California and the islands...
The polar bear management agreement for the southern Beaufort Sea: An evaluation of the first ten years of a unique conservation agreement
C.D. Brower, A. Carpenter, M.L. Branigan, W. Calvert, T. Evans, Anthony S. Fischbach, J.A. Nagy, S. Schliebe, I. Stirling
2002, Arctic (55) 362-372
Polar bears (Ursus maritimus) of the southern Beaufort Sea population, distributed from approximately Icy Cape, west of Point Barrow, to Pearce Point, east of Paulatuk in Canada, are harvested by hunters from both countries. In Canada, quotas to control polar bear hunting have been in place, with periodic modifications, since...
Magma storage prior to the 1912 eruption at Novarupta, Alaska
J.E. Hammer, M.J. Rutherford, W. Hildreth
2002, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology (144) 144-162
New analytical and experimental data constrain the storage and equilibration conditions of the magmas erupted in 1912 from Novarupta in the 20th century's largest volcanic event. Phase relations at H2O+CO2 fluid saturation were determined for an andesite (58.7 wt% SiO2) and a dacite (67.7 wt%) from the compositional extremes of...
Fault structure and kinematics of the Long Valley Caldera region, California, revealed by high-accuracy earthquake hypocenters and focal mechanism stress inversions
Stephanie Prejean, William L. Ellsworth, Mark Zoback, Felix Waldhauser
2002, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (107) ESE 9-1-ESE 9-19
We have determined high-resolution hypocenters for 45,000+ earthquakes that occurred between 1980 and 2000 in the Long Valley caldera area using a double-difference earthquake location algorithm and routinely determined arrival times. The locations reveal numerous discrete fault planes in the southern caldera and adjacent Sierra Nevada block (SNB). Intracaldera faults...
Harlequin duck population recovery following the 'Exxon Valdez' oil spill: Progress, process and constraints
Daniel Esler, Timothy D. Bowman, Kimberly A. Trust, Brenda E. Ballachey, Thomas A. Dean, Stephen C. Jewett, Charles E. O’Clair
2002, Marine Ecology Progress Series (241) 271-286
Following the 1989 'Exxon Valdez' oil spill in Prince William Sound, Alaska, we studied the status of recovery of harlequin duck Histrionicus histrionicus populations during 1995 to 1998. We evaluated potential constraints on full recovery, including (1) exposure to residual oil; (2) food limitation; and (3) intrinsic demographic limitations on...
Muskoxen
Patricia E. Reynolds, Kenneth J. Wilson, David R. Klein
David C. Douglas, Patricia E. Reynolds, E. B. Rhode, editor(s)
2002, Biological Science Report 2002-0001-7
Muskoxen (Ovibos moschatus) disappeared from Alaska in the late 1800s, but returned to the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge when animals were reestablished into areas of former range in 1969-1970 (Klein 1988). Released at Barter Island (Kaktovik) and the Kavik River, muskoxen initially moved into regions that encompassed the 1002 Area...
Conservation status of the buff-breasted sandpiper: Historic and contemporary distribution and abundance in south America
Richard B. Lanctot, D.E. Blanco, Rafael A. Dias, Juan P. Isacch, Verena A. Gill, Juliana Bose de Almeida, Kaspar Delhey, Pablo F. Petracci, Glayson A. Bencke, Rodrigo A. Balbueno
2002, The Wilson Bulletin (114) 44-72
We present historic and contemporary information on the distribution and abundance of Buff-breasted Sandpipers (Tryngites subruficollis) in South America. Historic information was collated from the literature, area ornithologists, and museums, whereas contemporary data were derived from surveys conducted throughout the main wintering range in Argentina, Uruguay, and Brazil during the...
Land cover
Janet C. Jorgenson, Peter C. Joria, David C. Douglas
David C. Douglas, Patricia E. Reynolds, E. B. Rhode, editor(s)
2002, Biological Science Report 2002-0001-2
Documenting the distribution of land-cover types on the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge coastal plain is the foundation for impact assessment and mitigation of potential oil exploration and development. Vegetation maps facilitate wildlife studies by allowing biologists to quantify the availability of important wildlife habitats, investigate the relationships between animal locations...
Sea otter (Enhydra lutris) perspective: Part A. Sea otter population status and the process of recovery from the 1989 Exxon Valdez oil spill
James L. Bodkin, Brenda E. Ballachey, Thomas A. Dean, Allan K. Fukuyama, Stephen C. Jewett, Lyman L. McDonald, Daniel H. Monson, Charles E. O’Clair, Glenn R. VanBlaricom
Leslie E. Holland-Bartels, editor(s)
2002, Report, Mechanisms of impact and potential recovery of nearshore vertebrate predators following the 1989 <i>Exxon Valdez</i> oil spill
Sea otter (Enhydra lutris) populations were severely affected by the 1989 Exxon Valdez oil spill in western Prince William Sound, AK, and had not fully recovered by 2000. Here we present results of population surveys and incorporate findings from related studies to identify current population status and factors affecting recovery....
