Laboratory evaluation of a walleye (Sander vitreus) bioenergetics model
C.P. Madenjian, C. Wang, T. P. O’Brien, M.J. Holuszko, L.M. Ogilvie, R.G. Stickel
2010, Fish Physiology and Biochemistry (36) 45-53
Walleye (Sander vitreus) is an important game fish throughout much of North America. We evaluated the performance of the Wisconsin bioenergetics model for walleye in the laboratory. Walleyes were fed rainbow smelt (Osmerus mordax) in four laboratory tanks during a 126-day experiment. Based on a statistical comparison of bioenergetics model...
Estimate of herpetofauna depredation by a population of wild pigs
D.B. Jolley, S.S. Ditchkoff, B.D. Sparklin, L.B. Hanson, M.S. Mitchell, J.B. Grand
2010, Journal of Mammalogy (91) 519-524
Herpetofauna populations are decreasing worldwide, and the range of wild pigs (Sus scrofa) is expanding. Depredation of threatened reptile and amphibian populations by wild pigs could be substantial. By understanding depredation characteristics and rates, more resources can be directed toward controlling populations of wild pigs coincident with threatened or endangered...
Occurrence of avian Plasmodium and West Nile virus in culex species in Wisconsin
T. Hughes, P. Irwin, E. Hofmeister, S.M. Paskewitz
2010, Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association (26) 24-31
The occurrence of multiple pathogens in mosquitoes and birds could affect the dynamics of disease transmission. We collected adult Culex pipiens and Cx. restuans (Cx. pipiens/restuans hereafter) from sites in Wisconsin and tested them for West Nile virus (WNV) and for avian malaria (Plasmodium). Gravid Cx. pipiens/restuans were tested for...
National ecosystem assessments supported by scientific and local knowledge
J. E. Herrick, V.C. Lessard, K.E. Spaeth, P.L. Shaver, R.S. Dayton, D.A. Pyke, L. Jolley, J.J. Goebel
2010, Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment (8) 403-408
An understanding of the extent of land degradation and recovery is necessary to guide land-use policy and management, yet currently available land-quality assessments are widely known to be inadequate. Here, we present the results of the first statistically based application of a new approach to national assessments that integrates scientific...
Effects of littoral habitat complexity and sunfish composition on fish production
Michael P. Carey, K.O. Maloney, S. R. Chipps, David H. Wahl
2010, Ecology of Freshwater Fish (19) 466-476
Habitat complexity is a key driver of food web dynamics because physical structure dictates resource availability to a community. Changes in fish diversity can also alter trophic interactions and energy pathways in food webs. Few studies have examined the direct, indirect, and interactive effects of biodiversity and habitat complexity on...
Perspectives on animal welfare legislation and study considerations for field-oriented studies of raptors in the United States
C. W. Boal, M.C. Wallace, B. Strobel
2010, Journal of Raptor Research (44) 268-276
Concern for the welfare of animals used in research and teaching has increased over the last 50 yr. Animal welfare legislation has resulted in guidelines for the use of animals in research, but the guidelines can be problematic because they focus on animals used in laboratory and agriculture research. Raptor...
Fire helps restore natural disturbance regime to benefit rare and endangered marsh birds endemic to the Colorado River
C.J. Conway, C.P. Nadeau, L. Piest
2010, Ecological Applications (20) 2024-2035
Large flood events were part of the historical disturbance regime within the lower basin of most large river systems around the world. Large flood events are now rare in the lower basins of most large river systems due to flood control structures. Endemic organisms that are adapted to this historical...
Correlation of aptian-albian carbon isotope excursions in continental strata of the cretaceous Foreland Basin, Eastern Utah, U.S.A.
Greg A. Ludvigson, R. M. Joeckel, Luis A. Gonzalez, E.L. Gulbranson, E.T. Rasbury, G.J. Hunt, J.I. Kirkland, S. Madsen
2010, Journal of Sedimentary Research (80) 955-974
Nodular carbonates ("calcretes") in continental foreland-basin strata of the Early Cretaceous Cedar Mountain Formation (CMF) in eastern Utah yield ??13C and ??O records of changes in the exogenic carbon cycle related to oceanic anoxic events (OAEs), and terrestrial paleoclimate. Chemostratigraphic profiles of both forebulge and foredeep sections show two prominent...
Moisture and vegetation controls on decadal-scale accrual of soil organic carbon and total nitrogen in restored grasslands
S. L. O’Brien, J.D. Jastrow, D.A. Grimley, M. A. Gonzalez-Meler
2010, Global Change Biology (16) 2573-2588
Revitalization of degraded landscapes may provide sinks for rising atmospheric CO2, especially in reconstructed prairies where substantial belowground productivity is coupled with large soil organic carbon (SOC) deficits after many decades of cultivation. The restoration process also provides opportunities to study the often-elusive factors that regulate soil processes. Although the...
Sharing the floodplain: Mediated modeling for environmental management
S.S. Metcalf, E. Wheeler, T. K. BenDor, S.J. Lubinski, B.M. Hannon
2010, Environmental Modelling and Software (25) 1282-1290
Complex ecosystems, such as the Upper Mississippi River (UMR), present major management challenges. Such systems often provide a range of ecosystem services that are differentially valued by stakeholders representing distinct interests (e.g., agriculture, conservation, navigation) or institutions (e.g., federal and state agencies). When no single entity has the knowledge or...
NASA's explorer school and spaceward bound programs: Insights into two education programs designed to heighten public support for space science initiatives
Matthew Allner, Christopher P McKay, Liza Coe, Jon Rask, Jim Paradise, J. Judson Wynne
2010, Acta Astronautica (66) 1280-1284
IntroductionNASA has played an influential role in bringing the enthusiasm of space science to schools across the United States since the 1980s. The evolution of this public outreach has led to a variety of NASA funded education programs designed to promote student interest in science, technology, engineering, math,...
Influences of immunocontraception on time budgets, social behavior, and body condition in feral horses
J.I. Ransom, B.S. Cade, N.T. Hobbs
2010, Applied Animal Behaviour Science (124) 51-60
Managers concerned with shrinking habitats and limited resources for wildlife seek effective tools for limiting population growth in some species. Fertility control is one such tool, yet little is known about its impacts on the behavioral ecology of wild, free-roaming animals. We investigated influences of the immunocontraceptive porcine zona pellucida...
New synonymies in the bee genus Nomada from North America (Hymenoptera: Apidae)
Sam Droege, M.G. Rightmyer, C.S. Sheffield, S.G. Brady
2010, Zootaxa 1-32
We provide diagnostic morphological characters to help distinguish males and females of the following species of Nomada: N. augustiana Mitchell, N. bethunei Cockerell, N. fervida Smith, N. fragariae Mitchell, N. lehighensis Cockerell, N. texana Cresson, and N. tiftonensis Cockerell. Based on morphological and DNA barcoding evidence we newly synonymize the...
Arsenic in groundwater in the North Carolina Eastern slate belt (Esb): Nash and halifax counties, north carolina
J.C. Reid, W.T. Haven, D.D. Eudy, R.M. Milosh, E.G. Stafford
2010, Southeastern Geology (47) 117-122
Naturally occurring arsenic-contaminated groundwater is present within the Eastern Slate Belt (ESB) of North Carolina. Long-term, integrated geologic and geo-chemical investigations havedetermined the presence of arsenic by analyzing precipitates from first and second order streams under base flow conditions. When groundwater discharges into streams, arsenic and other metals are precipitated...
Contribution of glacier runoff to freshwater discharge into the Gulf of Alaska
Edward G. Neal, Eran Hood, K. Smikrud
2010, Geophysical Research Letters (37)
Watersheds along the Gulf of Alaska (GOA) are undergoing climate warming, glacier volume loss, and shifts in the timing and volume of freshwater delivered to the eastern North Pacific Ocean. We estimate recent mean annual freshwater discharge to the GOA at 870 km3 yr−1. Small distributed coastal drainages contribute 78%...
Probable causes of increasing brucellosis in free-ranging elk of the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem
Paul C. Cross, E.K. Cole, A. P. Dobson, W.H. Edwards, K.L. Hamlin, G. Luikart, A.D. Middleton, B.M. Scurlock, P.J. White
2010, Ecological Applications (20) 278-288
While many wildlife species are threatened, some populations have recovered from previous overexploitation, and data linking these population increases with disease dynamics are limited. We present data suggesting that free-ranging elk (Cervus elaphus) are a maintenance host for Brucella abortus in new areas of the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem (GYE). Brucellosis...
Current lineages of the epithelioma papulosum cyprini (EPC) cell line are contaminated with fathead minnow, Pimephales promelas, cells
J. Winton, W. Batts, P. DeKinkelin, M. LeBerre, M. Bremont, N. Fijan
2010, Journal of Fish Diseases (33) 701-704
Initially established from proliferative skin lesions of the common carp, Cyprinus carpio L., the epithelioma papulosum cyprini (EPC) cell line (Fijan, Sulimanovic, Bearzotti, Muzinic, Zwillenberg, Chilmonczyk, Vautherot & de Kinkelin 1983) has become one of the most widely used tools for research on fish viruses and the diagnosis of fish...
Natural chlorate in the environment: Application of a new IC-ESI/MS/MS method with a Cl18O3- internal standard
Balaji Rao, Paul B. Hatzinger, J.K. Bohlke, Neil C. Sturchio, Brian J. Andraski, Frank D. Eckardt, W. Andrew Jackson
2010, Environmental Science & Technology (44) 8429-8434
A new ion chromatography electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (IC-ESI/MS/MS) method has been developed for quantification and confirmation of chlorate (ClO3−) in environmental samples. The method involves the electro-chemical generation of isotopically labeled chlorate internal standard (Cl18O3−) using 18O water (H218O). The standard was added to all samples prior to analysis...
Stress and fish reproduction: The roles of allostasis and hormesis
C.B. Schreck
2010, General and Comparative Endocrinology (165) 549-556
This paper is a review of the effects of stress on reproduction in fishes. I hope to further the development of the concepts of allostasis and hormesis as relevant to understanding reproduction in general and in fish in particular. The main contentions I derive in this review are the following:...
Genetic characterization of Neotropical Jabiru Storks: Insights for conservation
I.F. Lopes, S. M. Haig, S.N.D. Lama
2010, Waterbirds (33) 425-437
Jabiru Stork (Jabiru mycteria is listed under Appendix I of CITES and considered threatened in Central America. The first population genetic analysis of Jabiru Storks was carried out using mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control region sequences (520 bp) and five heterologous microsatellite loci. Samples were collected from the field (N =...
A physiologically based toxicokinetic model for methylmercury in female American kestrels
J.W. Nichols, R.S. Bennett, R. Rossmann, John B. French, K.G. Sappington
2010, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (29) 1854-1867
A physiologically based toxicokinetic (PBTK) model was developed to describe the uptake, distribution, and elimination of methylmercury (CH 3Hg) in female American kestrels. The model consists of six tissue compartments corresponding to the brain, liver, kidney, gut, red blood cells, and remaining carcass. Additional compartments describe the elimination of CH3Hg...
Postglacial vegetation history of Mitkof Island, Alexander Archipelago, southeastern Alaska
T. A. Ager, P. E. Carrara, Jane L. Smith, V. Anne, J. Johnson
2010, Quaternary Research (73) 259-268
An AMS radiocarbon-dated pollen record from a peat deposit on Mitkof Island, southeastern Alaska provides a vegetation history spanning ∼12,900 cal yr BP to the present. Late Wisconsin glaciers covered the entire island; deglaciation occurred > 15,400 cal yr BP. The earliest known vegetation to develop on the island (∼12,900...
The role of African dust in the formation of Quaternary soils on Mallorca, Spain and implications for the genesis of Red Mediterranean soils
D.R. Muhs, J. Budahn, A. Avila, G. Skipp, J. Freeman, D. Patterson
2010, Quaternary Science Reviews (29) 2518-2543
African dust additions explain the origin of terra rossa soils that are common on the carbonate-platform island of Mallorca, Spain. Mineralogical and geochemical analyses indicate that Quaternary carbonate eolianites on Mallorca have a very high purity, usually composed of more than 90% carbonate minerals (calcite, dolomite, and aragonite). In contrast,...
Validation of a real-time reverse transcriptase-PCR assay for the detection of H7 avian influenza virus
J. Pedersen, M.L. Killian, N. Hines, D. Senne, B. Panigrahy, Hon S. Ip, Erica Spackman
2010, Avian Diseases (54) 639-643
This report describes the validation of an avian influenza virus (AIV) H7 subtype-specific real-time reverse transcriptasePCR (rRT-PCR) assay developed at the Southeast Poultry Research Laboratory (SEPRL) for the detection of H7 AI in North and South American wild aquatic birds and poultry. The validation was a collaborative effort by the...
Protein expression and genetic structure of the coral Porites lobata in an environmentally extreme Samoan back reef: Does host genotype limit phenotypic plasticity?
D.J. Barshis, J.H. Stillman, R.D. Gates, R.J. Toonen, L.W. Smith, C. Birkeland
2010, Molecular Ecology (19) 1705-1720
The degree to which coral reef ecosystems will be impacted by global climate change depends on regional and local differences in corals' susceptibility and resilience to environmental stressors. Here, we present data from a reciprocal transplant experiment using the common reef building coral Porites lobata between a highly fluctuating back...
