Avian malaria Plasmodium relictum in native Hawaiian forest birds: epizootiology and demographic impacts on ‵apapane Himatione sanguinea
Carter T. Atkinson, Michael D. Samuel
2010, Journal of Avian Biology (41) 357-366
The role of introduced avian malaria Plasmodium relictum in the decline and extinction of native Hawaiian forest birds has become a classic example of the potential effect of invasive diseases on biological diversity of naïve populations. However, empirical evidence describing the impact of avian malaria on fitness of Hawai‵i's endemic forest birds...
Quantifying terrestrial ecosystem carbon dynamics in the Jinsha watershed, Upper Yangtze, China from 1975 to 2000
Shuqing Zhao, Shuguang Liu, Runsheng Yin, Zhengpeng Li, Yulin Deng, Kun Tan, Xiangzheng Deng, David Rothstein, Jiaguo Qi
2010, Environmental Management (45) 466-475
Quantifying the spatial and temporal dynamics of carbon stocks in terrestrial ecosystems and carbon fluxes between the terrestrial biosphere and the atmosphere is critical to our understanding of regional patterns of carbon budgets. Here we use the General Ensemble biogeochemical Modeling System to simulate the terrestrial ecosystem carbon dynamics in...
Computer algorithm for analyzing and processing borehole strainmeter data
John O. Langbein
2010, Computers & Geosciences (36) 611-619
The newly installed Plate Boundary Observatory (PBO) strainmeters record signals from tectonic activity, Earth tides, and atmospheric pressure. Important information about tectonic processes may occur at amplitudes at and below tidal strains and pressure loading. If incorrect assumptions are made regarding the background noise in the strain data, then the...
Rayleigh-wave phase-velocity maps and three-dimensional shear velocity structure of the western US from local non-plane surface wave tomography
F. F. Pollitz, J. Arthur Snoke
2010, Geophysical Journal International (180) 1153-1169
We utilize two-and-three-quarter years of vertical-component recordings made by the Transportable Array (TA) component of Earthscope to constrain three-dimensional (3-D) seismic shear wave velocity structure in the upper 200 km of the western United States. Single-taper spectral estimation is used to compile measurements of complex spectral amplitudes from 44 317...
Enhanced reproduction in mallards fed a low level of methylmercury: An apparent case of hormesis
Gary H. Heinz, D. J. Hoffman, Jon D. Klimstra, Katherine R. Stebbins
2010, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (29) 650-653
Breeding pairs of mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) were fed a control diet or a diet containing 0.5 µg/g mercury (Hg) in the form of methylmercury chloride. There were no effects of Hg on adult weights and no overt signs of Hg poisoning in adults. The Hg‐containing diet had no effect on...
Recruitment in a Colorado population of big brown bats: Breeding probabilities, litter size, and first-year survival
T. J. O'Shea, L.E. Ellison, D.J. Neubaum, M.A. Neubaum, C.A. Reynolds, R. A. Bowen
2010, Journal of Mammalogy (91) 418-428
We used markrecapture estimation techniques and radiography to test hypotheses about 3 important aspects of recruitment in big brown bats (Eptesicus fuscus) in Fort Collins, Colorado: adult breeding probabilities, litter size, and 1st-year survival of young. We marked 2,968 females with passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags at multiple sites during...
Spatial variation in keystone effects: Small mammal diversity associated with black-tailed prairie dog colonies
J.F. Cully, S.K. Collinge, R. E. Van Nimwegen, C. Ray, W.C. Johnson, Bala Thiagarajan, D.B. Conlin, B.E. Holmes
2010, Ecography (33) 667-677
Species with extensive geographic ranges may interact with different species assemblages at distant locations, with the result that the nature of the interactions may vary spatially. Black-tailed prairie dogs Cynomys ludovicianus occur from Canada to Mexico in grasslands of the western Great Plains of North America. Black-tailed prairie dogs alter...
Sediment discharges during storm flow from proximal urban and rural karst springs, central Kentucky, USA
T.M. Reed, McFarland J. Todd, A.E. Fryar, A.W. Fogle, J.L. Taraba
2010, Journal of Hydrology (383) 280-290
Since the mid-1990s, various studies have addressed the timing of sediment transport to karst springs during storm flow or the composition and provenance of sediment discharged from springs. However, relatively few studies have focused on the flow thresholds at which sediment is mobilized or total sediment yields across various time...
Ontogenetic variation in food consumption of rusty crayfish (Orconectes rusticus) in a central New York stream
J. H. Johnson, C.C. Nack
2010, Journal of Freshwater Ecology (25) 59-64
We examined feeding periodicity of three size groups of the rusty crayfish (Orconectes rusticus) at four-hour intervals over a 28-hour period during July in a headwater stream of the Susquehanna River drainage in central New York. Feeding activity was expressed as the ratio of stomach weight divided by the crayfish...
Attributes for MRB_E2RF1 Catchments by Major River Basins in the Conterminous United States: Level 3 Nutrient Ecoregions, 2002
Michael Wieczorek, Andrew E. LaMotte
2010, Data Series 491-13
This tabular data set represents the area of each level 3 nutrient ecoregion in square meters compiled for every MRB_E2RF1 catchment of the Major River Basins (MRBs, Crawford and others, 2006). The source data are from the 2002 version of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (USEPA) Aggregations of Level III...
Silica in a Mars analog environment: Ka u Desert, Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii
K.D. Seelos, R. E. Arvidson, B.L. Jolliff, S.M. Chemtob, R.V. Morris, D. W. Ming, G.A. Swayze
2010, Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets (115)
Airborne Visible/Near-Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS) data acquired over the Ka u Desert are atmospherically corrected to ground reflectance and used to identify the mineralogic components of relatively young basaltic materials, including 250-700 and 200-400 year old lava flows, 1971 and 1974 flows, ash deposits, and solfatara incrustations. To provide context,...
Using spatial, seasonal, and diel drift patterns of larval Lost River suckers Deltistes luxatus (Cypriniformes: Catostomidae) and shortnose suckers Chasmistes brevirostris (Cypriniformes: Catostomidae) to help identify a site for a water withdrawal structure on the Williamson River, Oregon
Craig M. Ellsworth, Torrey J. Tyler, Scott P. VanderKooi
2010, Environmental Biology of Fishes (89) 47-57
A small irrigation diversion dam near Chiloquin, Oregon, was removed and replaced with a pump station to improve fish passage for Lost River suckers (Deltistes luxatus) and shortnose suckers (Chasmistes brevirostris) entering the Sprague River on their spawning migrations. During the developmental phase of the pump station, a need was...
Distribution of non-breeding great lakes piping plovers (Charadrius melodus) along Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico coastlines: Ten years of band sightings
J. H. Stucker, F.J. Cuthbert, Brad Winn, B.L. Noel, S.B. Maddock, P.R. Leary, J. Cordes, L.C. Wemmer
2010, Waterbirds (33) 22-32
In 1993, a mark-recapture effort was initiated to band annually all Great Lakes Piping Plover nesting adults and offspring. With voluntary reporting by observers, >430 sightings of 154 individually-marked Great Lakes banded birds were documented on the wintering grounds during 19952005. This paper reports non-breeding distribution and site-fidelity and identifies...
Estimating soil turnover rate from tree uprooting during hurricanes in Puerto Rico
M.T. Lenart, D.A. Falk, F.N. Scatena, W. R. Osterkamp
2010, Forest Ecology and Management (259) 1076-1084
Soil turnover by tree uprooting in primary and secondary forests on the island of Puerto Rico was measured in 42 study plots in the months immediately after the passage of a Category 3 hurricane. Trunk basal area explained 61% of the variability of mound volume and 53% of the variability...
A new look at photometry of the Moon
J.D. Goguen, T.C. Stone, H. H. Kieffer, B. J. Buratti
2010, Icarus (208) 548-557
We use ROLO photometry (Kieffer, H.H., Stone, T.C. [2005]. Astron. J. 129, 2887-2901) to characterize the before and after full Moon radiance variation for a typical highlands site and a typical mare site. Focusing on the phase angle range 45??. <. ??<. 50??, we test two different physical models, macroscopic...
The effect of channelization on floodplain sediment deposition and subsidence along the Pocomoke River, Maryland
D.E. Kroes, C.R. Hupp
2010, Journal of the American Water Resources Association (46) 686-699
The nontidal Pocomoke River was intensively ditched and channelized by the mid-1900s. In response to channelization; channel incision, head-cut erosion, and spoil bank perforation have occurred in this previously nonalluvial system. Six sites were selected for study of floodplain sediment dynamics in relation to channel condition. Short- and long-term sediment...
Migration of northern yellowstone elk: Implications of spatial structuring
P.J. White, K.M. Proffitt, L.D. Mech, S.B. Evans, J.A. Cunningham, K.L. Hamlin
2010, Journal of Mammalogy (91) 827-837
Migration can enhance survival and recruitment of mammals by increasing access to higher-quality forage or reducing predation risk, or both. We used telemetry locations collected from 140 adult female elk during 20002003 and 20072008 to identify factors influencing the migration of northern Yellowstone elk. Elk wintered in 2 semidistinct herd...
Small mammals associated with colonies of black-tailed prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus) in the Southern High Plains
A.L. Pruett, C. W. Boal, M.C. Wallace, Heather A. Whitlaw, J.D. Ray
2010, Southwestern Naturalist (55) 50-56
We compared diversity and abundance of small mammals at colonies of black-tailed prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus) and paired non-colony sites. Of colonies of black-tailed prairie dogs in our study area, >80 were on slopes of playa lakes; thus, we used sites of colonies and non-colonies that were on slopes of...
Detrital zircon evidence for progressive underthrusting in Franciscan metagraywackes, west-central California
C.A. Snow, J. Wakabayashi, W. G. Ernst, J. L. Wooden
2010, Geological Society of America Bulletin (122) 282-291
We present new U/Pb ages for detrital zircons separated from six quartzose metagraywackes collected from different Franciscan Complex imbricate nappes around San Francisco Bay. All six rocks contain a broad spread of Late Jurassic-Cretaceous grains originating from the Klamath-Sierra Nevada volcanic-plutonic arc. Units young structurally downward, consistent with models of...
Marine effect of introduced salmonids: Prey consumption by exotic steelhead and anadromous brown trout in the Patagonian Continental Shelf
J. Ciancio, D.A. Beauchamp, M. Pascual
2010, Limnology and Oceanography (55) 2181-2192
On the basis of stable isotope analysis, we estimated the marine diet of the most abundant anadromous salmonid species in Patagonian Atlantic basins. The results were coupled with bioenergetic and population models to estimate the consumption of food by salmonids and was compared with that by seabirds, the most abundant...
Attributes for MRB_E2RF1 Catchments by Major River Basins in the Conterminous United States: Normalized Atmospheric Deposition for 2002, Ammonium (NH4)
Michael Wieczorek, Andrew E. LaMotte
2010, Data Series 491-14
This tabular data set represents the average normalized (wet) deposition, in kilograms per square kilometer multiplied by 100, of ammonium (NH4) for the year 2002 compiled for every MRB_E2RF1 catchment of the Major River Basins (MRBs, Crawford and others, 2006). Estimates of NH4 deposition are based on National Atmospheric Deposition...
Incubation behavior of king eiders on the coastal plain of Northern Alaska
R.L. Bentzen, A.N. Powell, Laura M. Phillips, R.S. Suydam
2010, Polar Biology (33) 1075-1082
Incubating birds balance their energetic demands during incubation with the needs of the developing embryos. Incubation behavior is correlated with body size; larger birds can accumulate more endogenous reserves and maintain higher incubation constancy. King eiders (Somateria spectabilis) contend with variable and cold spring weather, little nesting cover, and low...
First high-resolution stratigraphic column of the Martian north polar layered deposits
K.E. Fishbaugh, C.S. Hvidberg, S. Byrne, P.S. Russell, Kenneth E. Herkenhoff, M. Winstrup, R. Kirk
2010, Geophysical Research Letters (37)
This study achieves the first high-spatial-resolution, layer-scale, measured stratigraphic column of the Martian north polar layered deposits using a 1m-posting DEM. The marker beds found throughout the upper North Polar Layered Deposits range in thickness from 1.6 m-16.0 m +/-1.4 m, and 6 of 13 marker beds are separated by...
Assessment of multiple sources of anthropogenic and natural chemical inputs to a morphologically complex basin, Lake Mead, USA
Michael R. Rosen, P. C. Van Metre
2010, Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology (294) 30-43
Lakes with complex morphologies and with different geologic and land-use characteristics in their sub-watersheds could have large differences in natural and anthropogenic chemical inputs to sub-basins in the lake. Lake Mead in southern Nevada and northern Arizona, USA, is one such lake. To assess variations in chemical histories from 1935...
Normalized velocity profiles of field-measured turbidity currents
Jingping Xu
2010, Geology (38) 563-566
Multiple turbidity currents were recorded in two submarine canyons with maximum speed as high as 280 cm/s. For each individual turbidity current measured at a fixed station, its depth-averaged velocity typically decreased over time while its thickness increased. Some turbidity currents gained in speed as they traveled downcanyon, suggesting a...
