Validation of a real-time reverse transcriptase-PCR assay for the detection of H7 avian influenza virus
J. Pedersen, M.L. Killian, N. Hines, D. Senne, B. Panigrahy, Hon S. Ip, Erica Spackman
2010, Avian Diseases (54) 639-643
This report describes the validation of an avian influenza virus (AIV) H7 subtype-specific real-time reverse transcriptasePCR (rRT-PCR) assay developed at the Southeast Poultry Research Laboratory (SEPRL) for the detection of H7 AI in North and South American wild aquatic birds and poultry. The validation was a collaborative effort by the...
An approach to quantify sources, seasonal change, and biogeochemical processes affecting metal loading in streams: Facilitating decisions for remediation of mine drainage
B. A. Kimball, R.L. Runkel, K. Walton-Day
2010, Applied Geochemistry (25) 728-740
Historical mining has left complex problems in catchments throughout the world. Land managers are faced with making cost-effective plans to remediate mine influences. Remediation plans are facilitated by spatial mass-loading profiles that indicate the locations of metal mass-loading, seasonal changes, and the extent of biogeochemical processes. Field-scale experiments during both...
Landscape influences on genetic differentiation among bull trout populations in a stream-lake network
M.H. Meeuwig, C.S. Guy, S.T. Kalinowski, W.A. Fredenberg
2010, Molecular Ecology (19) 3620-3633
This study examined the influence of landscape heterogeneity on genetic differentiation between migratory bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus) populations in Glacier National Park, Montana. An information-theoretic approach was used to compare different conceptual models of dispersal associated with barriers, different models of isolation by distance, and the combined effects of barriers,...
Future dryness in the Southwest US and the hydrology of the early 21st century drought
D.R. Cayan, T. Das, D.W. Pierce, T.P. Barnett, Mary Tyree, A. Gershunova
2010, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (107) 21271-21276
Recently the Southwest has experienced a spate of dryness, which presents a challenge to the sustainability of current water use by human and natural systems in the region. In the Colorado River Basin, the early 21st century drought has been the most extreme in over a century of Colorado River...
Impact of sampling techniques on measured stormwater quality data for small streams
R. D. Harmel, R.M. Slade Jr., R.L. Haney
2010, Journal of Environmental Quality (39) 1734-1742
Science-based sampling methodologies are needed to enhance water quality characterization for setting appropriate water quality standards, developing Total Maximum Daily Loads, and managing nonpoint source pollution. Storm event sampling, which is vital for adequate assessment of water quality in small (wadeable) streams, is typically conducted by manual grab or integrated...
Analysis of the Arctic system for freshwater cycle intensification: Observations and expectations
M.A. Rawlins, M. Steele, M.M. Holland, J.C. Adam, J.E. Cherry, J.A. Francis, P.Y. Groisman, L. D. Hinzman, T.G. Huntington, D.L. Kane, J.S. Kimball, R. Kwok, R.B. Lammers, C.M. Lee, D.P. Lettenmaier, K.C. McDonald, E. Podest, J.W. Pundsack, B. Rudels, Mark C. Serreze, A. Shiklomanov, O. Skagseth, T.J. Troy, C. J. Vorosmarty, M. Wensnahan, E.F. Wood, R. Woodgate, D. Yang, K. Zhang, T. Zhang
2010, Journal of Climate (23) 5715-5737
Hydrologic cycle intensification is an expected manifestation of a warming climate. Although positive trends in several global average quantities have been reported, no previous studies have documented broad intensification across elements of the Arctic freshwater cycle (FWC). In this study, the authors examine the character and quantitative significance of changes...
Environmental controls on drainage behavior of an ephemeral stream
K.W. Blasch, T.P.A. Ferre, J.A. Vrugt
2010, Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment (24) 1077-1087
Streambed drainage was measured at the cessation of 26 ephemeral streamflow events in Rillito Creek, Tucson, Arizona from August 2000 to June 2002 using buried time domain reflectometry (TDR) probes. An unusual drainage response was identified, which was characterized by sharp drainage from saturation to near field capacity at each...
Postglacial vegetation history of Mitkof Island, Alexander Archipelago, southeastern Alaska
T. A. Ager, P. E. Carrara, Jane L. Smith, V. Anne, J. Johnson
2010, Quaternary Research (73) 259-268
An AMS radiocarbon-dated pollen record from a peat deposit on Mitkof Island, southeastern Alaska provides a vegetation history spanning ∼12,900 cal yr BP to the present. Late Wisconsin glaciers covered the entire island; deglaciation occurred > 15,400 cal yr BP. The earliest known vegetation to develop on the island (∼12,900...
Geochronology and paleoclimatic implications of the last deglaciation of the Mauna Kea Ice Cap, Hawaii
Faron S. Anslow, P.U. Clark, M.D. Kurz, S. W. Hostetler
2010, Earth and Planetary Science Letters (297) 234-248
We present new 3He surface exposure ages on moraines and bedrock near the summit of Mauna Kea, Hawaii, which refine the age of the Mauna Kea Ice Cap during the Local Last Glacial Maximum (LLGM) and identify a subsequent fluctuation of the ice margin. The 3He ages, when combined with...
The Medieval Climate Anomaly and Little Ice Age in Chesapeake Bay and the North Atlantic Ocean
T. M. Cronin, K. Hayo, R.C. Thunell, G. S. Dwyer, C. Saenger, Debra A. Willard
2010, Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology (297) 299-310
A new 2400-year paleoclimate reconstruction from Chesapeake Bay (CB) (eastern US) was compared to other paleoclimate records in the North Atlantic region to evaluate climate variability during the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA) and Little Ice Age (LIA). Using Mg/Ca ratios from ostracodes and oxygen isotopes from benthic foraminifera as proxies...
Hubble Space Telescope observations of Europa in and out of eclipse
W.B. Sparks, M. McGrath, K. Hand, H.C. Ford, P. Geissler, J.H. Hough, E.L. Turner, C.F. Chyba, R. Carlson, M. Turnbull
2010, Conference Paper, International Journal of Astrobiology
Europa is a prime target for astrobiology and has been prioritized as the next target for a National Aeronautics and Space Administration flagship mission. It is important, therefore, that we advance our understanding of Europa, its ocean and physical environment as much as possible. Here, we describe observations of Europa...
Allocating monitoring effort in the face of unknown unknowns
B.A. Wintle, M.C. Runge, S.A. Bekessy
2010, Ecology Letters (13) 1325-1337
There is a growing view that to make efficient use of resources, ecological monitoring should be hypothesis-driven and targeted to address specific management questions. 'Targeted' monitoring has been contrasted with other approaches in which a range of quantities are monitored in case they exhibit an alarming trend or provide ad...
A physiological approach to quantifying thermal habitat quality for redband rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss gairdneri) in the south Fork John Day River, Oregon
J.W. Feldhaus, S.A. Heppell, H. Li, M.G. Mesa
2010, Environmental Biology of Fishes (87) 277-290
We examined tissue-specific levels of heat shock protein 70 (hsp70) and whole body lipid levels in juvenile redband trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss gairdneri) from the South Fork of the John Day River (SFJD), Oregon, with the goal of determining if these measures could be used as physiological indicators of thermal habitat...
Debris flows resulting from glacial-lake outburst floods in tibet, China
P. Cui, C. Dang, Z. Cheng, K. Scott
2010, Physical Geography (31) 508-527
During the last 70 years of general climatic amelioration, 18 glacial-lake outburst floods (GLOFs) and related debris flows have occurred from 15 moraine-dammed lakes in Tibet, China. Catastrophic loss of life and property has occurred because of the following factors: the large volumes of water discharged, the steep gradients of...
A physiologically based toxicokinetic model for methylmercury in female American kestrels
J.W. Nichols, R.S. Bennett, R. Rossmann, John B. French, K.G. Sappington
2010, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (29) 1854-1867
A physiologically based toxicokinetic (PBTK) model was developed to describe the uptake, distribution, and elimination of methylmercury (CH 3Hg) in female American kestrels. The model consists of six tissue compartments corresponding to the brain, liver, kidney, gut, red blood cells, and remaining carcass. Additional compartments describe the elimination of CH3Hg...
Linking MODFLOW with an agent-based land-use model to support decision making
H. W. Reeves, M.L. Zellner
2010, Ground Water (48) 649-660
The U.S. Geological Survey numerical groundwater flow model, MODFLOW, was integrated with an agent-based land-use model to yield a simulator for environmental planning studies. Ultimately, this integrated simulator will be used as a means to organize information, illustrate potential system responses, and facilitate communication within a participatory modeling framework. Initial...
Striped Bass, morone saxatilis, egg incubation in large volume jars
C.J. Harper, B.M. Wrege, Isely J. Jeffery
2010, Journal of the World Aquaculture Society (41) 633-639
The standard McDonald jar was compared with a large volume jar for striped bass, Morone saxatilis, egg incubation. The McDonald jar measured 16 cm in diameter by 45 cm in height and had a volume of 6 L. The experimental jar measured 0.4 m in diameter by 1.3 m in...
Influences of immunocontraception on time budgets, social behavior, and body condition in feral horses
J.I. Ransom, B.S. Cade, N.T. Hobbs
2010, Applied Animal Behaviour Science (124) 51-60
Managers concerned with shrinking habitats and limited resources for wildlife seek effective tools for limiting population growth in some species. Fertility control is one such tool, yet little is known about its impacts on the behavioral ecology of wild, free-roaming animals. We investigated influences of the immunocontraceptive porcine zona pellucida...
Trace elements have limited utility for studying migratory connectivity in shorebirds that winter in Argentina
J. Torres-Dowdall, A.H. Farmer, M. Abril, E.H. Bucher, I. Ridley
2010, Condor (112) 490-498
Trace-element analysis has been suggested as a tool for the study of migratory connectivity because (1) trace-element abundance varies spatially in the environment, (2) trace elements are assimilated into animals' tissues through the diet, and (3) current technology permits the analysis of multiple trace elements in a small tissue sample,...
NASA's explorer school and spaceward bound programs: Insights into two education programs designed to heighten public support for space science initiatives
Matthew Allner, Christopher P McKay, Liza Coe, Jon Rask, Jim Paradise, J. Judson Wynne
2010, Acta Astronautica (66) 1280-1284
IntroductionNASA has played an influential role in bringing the enthusiasm of space science to schools across the United States since the 1980s. The evolution of this public outreach has led to a variety of NASA funded education programs designed to promote student interest in science, technology, engineering, math,...
Response of Colorado river runoff to dust radiative forcing in snow
T. H. Painter, J.S. Deems, J. Belnap, A.F. Hamlet, C. C. Landry, B. Udall
2010, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (107) 17125-17130
The waters of the Colorado River serve 27 million people in seven states and two countries but are overallocated by more than 10% of the river's historical mean. Climate models project runoff losses of 7-20% from the basin in this century due to human-induced climate change. Recent work has shown...
Spider-mediated flux of PCBs from contaminated sediments to terrestrial ecosystems and potential risks to arachnivorous birds
D.M. Walters, M.A. Mills, K.M. Fritz, D.F. Raikow
2010, Environmental Science & Technology (44) 2849-2856
We investigated aquatic insect utilization and PCB exposure in riparian spiders at the Lake Hartwell Superfund site (Clemson, SC). We sampled sediments, adult chironomids, terrestrial insects, riparian spiders (Tetragnathidae, Araneidae, and Mecynogea lemniscata), and upland spiders (Araneidae) along a sediment contamination gradient. Stable isotopes (?13C, ? 15N) indicated that riparian...
The relative influence of nutrients and habitat on stream metabolism in agricultural streams
J.D. Frankforter, H.S. Weyers, J. D. Bales, P.W. Moran, D.L. Calhoun
2010, Environmental Monitoring and Assessment (168) 461-479
Stream metabolism was measured in 33 streams across a gradient of nutrient concentrations in four agricultural areas of the USA to determine the relative influence of nutrient concentrations and habitat on primary production (GPP) and respiration (CR-24). In conjunction with the stream metabolism estimates, water quality and algal biomass samples...
Prey use by Swainson's Hawks in the lesser prairie-chicken range of the southern high plains of Texas
A.C. Behney, C. W. Boal, Heather A. Whitlaw, D.R. Lucia
2010, Journal of Raptor Research (44) 317-322
[No abstract available]...
Comparison of thiaminase activity in fish using the radiometric and 4-nitrothiophenol colorimetric methods
D. C. Honeyfield, J.W. Hanes, L. Brown, C.E. Kraft, T.P. Begley
2010, Journal of Great Lakes Research (36) 641-645
NoticeThis publication has been retracted. See the retraction notice....
