Response of aquatic macrophytes to human land use perturbations in the watersheds of Wisconsin lakes, U.S.A.
Laura L. Sass, Michael A. Bozek, Jennifer A. Hauxwell, Kelly Wagner, Susan Knight
2010, Aquatic Botany (93) 1-8
Aquatic macrophyte communities were assessed in 53 lakes in Wisconsin, U.S.A. along environmental and land use development gradients to determine effects human land use perturbations have on aquatic macrophytes at the watershed and riparian development scales. Species richness and relative frequency were surveyed in lakes from two ecoregions: the Northern...
August 2008 eruption of Kasatochi volcano, Aleutian Islands, Alaska-resetting an Island Landscape
William E. Scott, Christopher J. Nye, Christopher F. Waythomas, Christina A. Neal
2010, Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research (42) 250-259
Kasatochi Island, the subaerial portion of a small volcano in the western Aleutian volcanic arc, erupted on 7-8 August 2008. Pyroclastic flows and surges swept the island repeatedly and buried most of it and the near-shore zone in decimeters to tens of meters of deposits. Several key seabird rookeries in...
Influence of elevated temperature and acid mine drainage on mortality of the crayfish Cambarus bartonii
K.J. Hartman, C.D. Hom, P. M. Mazik
2010, Journal of Freshwater Ecology (25) 19-30
Effects of elevated temperature and acid mine drainage (AMD) on crayfish mortality were investigated in the Stony River, Grant County, West Virginia. During summers 2003 and 2004, four-week in situ bioassays were performed along a thermal and AMD gradient with the native crayfish Cambarus bartonii. Crayfish mortality was analyzed in conjunction with temperature and...
Incubation behavior of king eiders on the coastal plain of Northern Alaska
R.L. Bentzen, A.N. Powell, Laura M. Phillips, R.S. Suydam
2010, Polar Biology (33) 1075-1082
Incubating birds balance their energetic demands during incubation with the needs of the developing embryos. Incubation behavior is correlated with body size; larger birds can accumulate more endogenous reserves and maintain higher incubation constancy. King eiders (Somateria spectabilis) contend with variable and cold spring weather, little nesting cover, and low...
The impact of rare taxa on a fish index of biotic integrity
H. Wan, C.J. Chizinski, C.L. Dolph, B. Vondracek, B.N. Wilson
2010, Ecological Indicators (10) 781-788
The index of biotic integrity (IBI) is a commonly used bioassessment tool that integrates abundance and richness measures to assess water quality. In developing IBIs that are both responsive to human disturbance and resistant to natural variability and sampling error, water managers must decide how to weigh information about rare...
A new capture fraction method to map how pumpage affects surface water flow
S. A. Leake, H. W. Reeves, J.E. Dickinson
2010, Ground Water (48) 690-700
All groundwater pumped is balanced by removal of water somewhere, initially from storage in the aquifer and later from capture in the form of increase in recharge and decrease in discharge. Capture that results in a loss of water in streams, rivers, and wetlands now is a concern in many...
Measurement and modeling of polychlorinated biphenyl bioaccumulation from sediment for the marine polychaete neanthes arenaceodentata and response to sorbent amendment
E.M.-L. Janssen, Marie Noele Croteau, S. N. Luoma, R.G. Luthy
2010, Environmental Science & Technology (44) 2857-2863
Bioaccumulation rates of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) for the marine polychaete Neanthes arenaceodentata were characterized, including PCB uptake rates from water and sediment, and the effect of sorbent amendment to the sediment on PCB bioavailability, organism growth, and lipid content. Physiological parameters were incorporated into a biodynamic model to predict contaminant...
Recorded motions of the 6 April 2009 Mw 6.3 L'Aquila, Italy, earthquake and implications for building structural damage: Overview
M. Çelebi, P. Bazzurro, L. Chiaraluce, P. Clemente, L. Decanini, A. Desortis, W. Ellsworth, A. Gorini, E. Kalkan, S. Marcucci, G. Milana, F. Mollaioli, M. Olivieri, R. Paolucci, D. Rinaldis, A. Rovelli, F. Sabetta, C. Stephens
2010, Earthquake Spectra (26) 651-684
The normal-faulting earthquake of 6 April 2009 in the Abruzzo Region of central Italy caused heavy losses of life and substantial damage to centuriesold buildings of significant cultural importance and to modern reinforcedconcrete- framed buildings with hollow masonry infill walls. Although structural deficiencies were significant and widespread, the study of...
Attributes for MRB_E2RF1 Catchments by Major River Basins in the Conterminous United States: NLCD 2001 Tree Canopy
Michael Wieczorek, Andrew E. LaMotte
2010, Data Series 491-06
This tabular data set represents the mean percent tree canopy from the Canopy Layer of the National Land Cover Dataset 2001 (LaMotte and Wieczorek, 2010), compiled for every MRB_E2RF1 catchment of Major River Basins (MRBs, Crawford and others, 2006). The source data set represents tree canopy percentage for the conterminous...
Soil organic carbon stocks in Alaska estimated with spatial and pedon data
Norman B. Bliss, J. Maursetter
2010, Soil Science Society of America Journal (74) 565-579
Temperatures in high-latitude ecosystems are increasing faster than the average rate of global warming, which may lead to a positive feedback for climate change by increasing the respiration rates of soil organic C. If a positive feedback is confirmed, soil C will represent a source of greenhouse gases that is...
Predicting the probability and volume of postwildfire debris flows in the intermountain western United States
S.H. Cannon, J.E. Gartner, M.G. Rupert, J. A. Michael, A. H. Rea, C. Parrett
2010, Geological Society of America Bulletin (122) 127-144
Empirical models to estimate the probability of occurrence and volume of postwildfire debris flows can be quickly implemented in a geographic information system (GIS) to generate debris-flow hazard maps either before or immediately following wildfires. Models that can be used to calculate the probability of debris-flow production from individual drainage...
Upper Cambrian chitons (Mollusca, polyplacophora) from Missouri, USA
J. Pojeta Jr., M.J. Vendrasco, G. Darrough
2010, Bulletins of American Paleontology (2010) 1-88
Numerous new specimens reveal a greater presence of chitons in Upper Cambrian rocks than previously suspected. Evidence is presented showing that the chiton esthete sensory system is present in all chiton species in this study at the very beginning of the known polyplacophoran fossil record. The stratigraphic occurrences and paleobiogeography...
Structural analysis of three extensional detachment faults with data from the 2000 Space-Shuttle Radar Topography Mission
J.E. Spencer
2010, GSA Today (20) 4-10
The Space-Shuttle Radar Topography Mission provided geologists with a detailed digital elevation model of most of Earth's land surface. This new database is used here for structural analysis of grooved surfaces interpreted to be the exhumed footwalls of three active or recently active extensional detachment faults. Exhumed fault footwalls, each...
40Ar/39Ar geochronology and geochemical reconnaissance of the Eocene Lowland Creek volcanic field, west-central Montana
F.O. Dudas, V.O. Ispolatov, S. S. Harlan, L.W. Snee
2010, Journal of Geology (118) 295-304
We report geochronological and geochemical data for the calc-alkalic Lowland Creek volcanic field (LCVF) in westcentral Montana. 40Ar/ 39Ar age determinations show that the LCVF was active from 52.9 to 48.6 Ma, with tuff-forming eruptions at 52.9 ?? 0.14 and 51.8 ?? 0.14 Ma. These dates span the age range...
Snowmelt hydrograph interpretation: Revealing watershed scale hydrologic characteristics of the Yellowstone volcanic plateau
Gardner W. Payton, D. D. Susong, Solomon D. Kip, H. Heasler
2010, Journal of Hydrology (383) 209-222
Snowmelt hydrograph analysis and groundwater age dates of cool water springs on the Yellowstone volcanic plateau provide evidence of high volumes of groundwater circulation in watersheds comprised of quaternary Yellowstone volcanics. Ratios of maximum to minimum mean daily discharge and average recession indices are calculated for watersheds within and surrounding...
Spatial trends in tidal flat shape and associated environmental parameters in South San Francisco Bay
J.A. Bearman, Carl T. Friedrichs, B. E. Jaffe, A.C. Foxgrover
2010, Journal of Coastal Research (26) 342-349
Spatial trends in the shape of profiles of South San Francisco Bay (SSFB) tidal flats are examined using bathymetric and lidar data collected in 2004 and 2005. Eigenfunction analysis reveals a dominant mode of morphologic variability related to the degree of convexity or concavity in the cross-shore profileindicative of (i)...
At-sea observations of marine birds and their habitats before and after the 2008 eruption of Kasatochi volcano, Alaska
G.S. Drew, Donald E. Dragoo, M. Renner, John F. Piatt
2010, Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research (42) 325-334
Kasatochi volcano, an island volcano in the Aleutian chain, erupted on 7-8 August 2008. The resulting ash and pyroclastic flows blanketed the island, covering terrestrial habitats. We surveyed the marine environment surrounding Kasatochi Island in June and July of 2009 to document changes in abundance or distribution of nutrients, fish,...
Effects of topographic position and geology on shaking damage to residential wood-framed structures during the 2003 San Simeon earthquake, western San Luis obispo county, California
T.P. McCrink, C.J. Wills, C.R. Real, M.W. Manson
2010, Earthquake Spectra (26) 779-802
A statistical evaluation of shaking damage to wood-framed houses caused by the 2003 M6.5 San Simeon earthquake indicates that both the rate and severity of damage, independent of structure type, are significantly greater on hilltops compared to hill slopes when underlain by Cretaceous or Tertiary sedimentary rocks. This increase in...
Redwoods, restoration, and implications for carbon budgets
Mary Ann Madej
2010, Geomorphology (116) 264-273
The coast redwoods (Sequoia sempervirens) of California have several unique characteristics that influence interactions between vegetation and geomorphic processes. Case studies, using a combination of in-channel wood surveys and an air photo inventory of landslides, illustrate current conditions in a redwood-dominated watershed undergoing restoration work, and the influence of wood...
Reclaimed mineland curve number response to temporal distribution of rainfall
R.C. Warner, C.T. Agouridis, P.T. Vingralek, A.W. Fogle
2010, Journal of the American Water Resources Association (46) 724-732
The curve number (CN) method is a common technique to estimate runoff volume, and it is widely used in coal mining operations such as those in the Appalachian region of Kentucky. However, very little CN data are available for watersheds disturbed by surface mining and then reclaimed using traditional techniques....
Complete mitochondrial genome of a Pleistocene jawbone unveils the origin of polar bear
Charlotte Lindqvist, Stephan C. Schuster, Yazhou Sun, Sandra L. Talbot, Ji Qi, Aakrosh Ratan, Lynn P. Tomsho, Lindsay Kasson, Eve Zeyl, Jon Aars, Webb Miller, Olafur Ingolfsson, Lutz Bachmann, Øystein Wiig
2010, PNAS (107) 5053-5057
The polar bear has become the flagship species in the climate-change discussion. However, little is known about how past climate impacted its evolution and persistence, given an extremely poor fossil record. Although it is undisputed from analyses of mitochondrial (mt) DNA that polar bears constitute a lineage within the genetic...
Organic intermediates in the anaerobic biodegradation of coal to methane under laboratory conditions
William H. Orem, Mary A. Voytek, Elizabeth J. Jones, Harry E. Lerch, Anne L. Bates, M.D. Corum, Peter D. Warwick, Arthur C. Clark
2010, Organic Geochemistry (41) 997-1000
Organic intermediates in coal fluids produced by anaerobic biodegradation of geopolymers in coal play a key role in the production of methane in natural gas reservoirs. Laboratory biodegradation experiments on sub-bituminous coal from Texas, USA, were conducted using bioreactors to examine the organic intermediates relevant to methane production. Production of...
Applying the silver-tube introduction method for thermal conversion elemental analyses and a new δ2H value for NBS 22 oil
Tyler B. Coplen, Haiping Qi
2010, Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry (24) 2269-2276
The δ2HVSMOW–SLAP value of total hydrogen of the international measurement standard NBS 22 oil was determined by a new method of sealing water in silver tubes for use in a thermal conversion elemental analysis (TC/EA) reduction unit. The isotopic fractionation of water due to evaporation is virtually non-existent in this...
11-Deoxycortisol is a corticosteroid hormone in the lamprey
D.A. Close, S.-S. Yun, S. D. McCormick, A.J. Wildbill, W. Li
2010, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (107) 13942-13947
Corticosteroid hormones are critical for controlling metabolism, hydromineral balance, and the stress response in vertebrates. Although corticosteroid hormones have been well characterized in most vertebrate groups, the identity of the earliest vertebrate corticosteroid hormone has remained elusive. Here we provide evidence that 11-deoxycortisol is the corticosteroid hormone in the lamprey,...
Empirical evaluation of predator-driven diel vertical migration in Lake Superior
J.D. Stockwell, T.R. Hrabik, O.P. Jensen, D.L. Yule, M. Balge
2010, Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences (67) 473-485
Recent studies on Lake Superior suggest that diel vertical migration (DVM) of prey (generalized Coregonus spp.) may be influenced by the density of predatory siscowet (Salvelinus namaycush). We empirically evaluated this hypothesis using data from acoustic, midwater trawl, and bottom trawl sampling at eight Lake Superior sites during three seasons...
