A Bayesian approach to identifying structural nonlinearity using free-decay response: Application to damage detection in composites
J.M. Nichols, W.A. Link, K.D. Murphy, C.C. Olson
2010, Journal of Sound and Vibration (329) 2995-3007
This work discusses a Bayesian approach to approximating the distribution of parameters governing nonlinear structural systems. Specifically, we use a Markov Chain Monte Carlo method for sampling the posterior parameter distributions thus producing both point and interval estimates for parameters. The method is first used to identify both linear and...
Wound repair in Montipora capitata
Thierry M. Work, Greta S. Aeby
2010, Journal of Invertebrate Pathology (105) 116-119
We documented the microscopic morphology of tissue healing in Montipora capitata. Fragments from two healthy coral colonies were traumatized by scraping tissue and skeleton and monitored in flow-through seawater tables every 2-4. days for 40. days for gross and cellular changes. Grossly, corals appeared healed and repigmented by Day 40....
Long generation time delays the genetic response to habitat fragmentation in the threatened florida sand skink
E.D. McCoy, J.Q. Richmond, H.R. Mushinsky, E.J. Britt, J.S. Godley
2010, Conference Paper, Journal of Herpetology
A recent study showed that populations of the threatened Florida Sand Skink had limited loss of genetic diversity over the past 60 yr as a consequence of anthropogenic fragmentation. This study assumed that 60 yr represents 3037 generations for the Florida Sand Skink, but a new evaluation of markrecapture data...
Contrasting activity patterns of sympatric and allopatric black and grizzly bears
C.C. Schwartz, S.L. Cain, S. Podruzny, S. Cherry, L. Frattaroli
2010, Journal of Wildlife Management (74) 1628-1638
The distribution of grizzly (Ursus arctos) and American black bears (U. americanus) overlaps in western North America. Few studies have detailed activity patterns where the species are sympatric and no studies contrasted patterns where populations are both sympatric and allopatric. We contrasted activity patterns for sympatric black and grizzly bears...
Decay of aftershock density with distance does not indicate triggering by dynamic stress
K. Richards-Dinger, R.S. Stein, S. Toda
2010, Nature (467) 583-586
Resolving whether static or dynamic stress triggers most aftershocks and subsequent mainshocks is essential to understand earthquake interaction and to forecast seismic hazard. Felzer and Brodsky examined the distance distribution of earthquakes occurring in the first five minutes after 2 ≤ M M M ≥ 2 aftershocks...
A high-pyrite semianthracite of Late Permian age in the Songzao Coalfield, southwestern China: Mineralogical and geochemical relations with underlying mafic tuffs
S. Dai, X. Wang, W. Chen, D. Li, C. L. Chou, Y. Zhou, Chen Zhu, H. Li, Xudong Zhu, Y. Xing, W. Zhang, J. Zou
2010, International Journal of Coal Geology (83) 430-445
The No. 12 Coal (Late Permian) in the Songzao Coalfield, Chongqing, southwestern China, is characteristically high in pyrite and some trace elements. It is uniquely deposited directly above mafic tuff beds. Samples of coal and tuffs have been studied for their mineralogy and geochemistry using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry, X-ray...
Detrital zircon analysis of Mesoproterozoic and neoproterozoic metasedimentary rocks of northcentral idaho: Implications for development of the Belt-Purcell basin
R. S. Lewis, J.D. Vervoort, R. F. Burmester, P.J. Oswald
2010, Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences (47) 1383-1404
The authors analyzed detrital zircon grains from 10 metasedimentary rock samples of the Priest River complex and three other amphibolite-facies metamorphic sequences in north-central Idaho to test the previous assignment of these rocks to the Mesoproterozoic Belt-Purcell Supergroup. Zircon grains from two samples of the Prichard Formation (lower Belt) and...
Sedimentary basins reconnaissance using the magnetic Tilt-Depth method
A. Salem, S. Williams, E. Samson, D. Fairhead, D. Ravat, R.J. Blakely
2010, Exploration Geophysics (41) 198-209
We compute the depth to the top of magnetic basement using the Tilt-Depth method from the best available magnetic anomaly grids covering the continental USA and Australia. For the USA, the Tilt-Depth estimates were compared with sediment thicknesses based on drilling data and show a correlation of 0.86 between the...
Complex rupture during the 12 January 2010 Haiti earthquake
G.P. Hayes, R.W. Briggs, A. Sladen, E.J. Fielding, C. Prentice, K. Hudnut, P. Mann, F. W. Taylor, A. J. Crone, R. Gold, T. Ito, M. Simons
2010, Nature Geoscience (3) 800-805
Initially, the devastating Mw 7.0, 12 January 2010 Haiti earthquake seemed to involve straightforward accommodation of oblique relative motion between the Caribbean and North American plates along the Enriquillog-Plantain Garden fault zone. Here, we combine seismological observations, geologic field data and space geodetic measurements to show that, instead, the rupture...
Fine gravel controls hydrologic and erodibility responses to trampling disturbance for coarse-textured soils with weak cyanobacterial crusts
J. E. Herrick, J. W. Van Zee, J. Belnap, J.R. Johansen, M. Remmenga
2010, Catena (83) 119-126
We compared short-term effects of lug-soled boot trampling disturbance on water infiltration and soil erodibility on coarse-textured soils covered by a mixture of fine gravel and coarse sand over weak cyanobacterially-dominated biological soil crusts. Trampling significantly reduced final infiltration rate and total infiltration and increased sediment generation from small (0.5m2)...
Effect of imperfect detectability on adaptive and conventional sampling: Simulated sampling of freshwater mussels in the upper Mississippi River
D. R. Smith, B. R. Gray, T.J. Newton, D. Nichols
2010, Environmental Monitoring and Assessment (170) 499-507
Adaptive sampling designs are recommended where, as is typical with freshwater mussels, the outcome of interest is rare and clustered. However, the performance of adaptive designs has not been investigated when outcomes are not only rare and clustered but also imperfectly detected. We address this combination of challenges using data...
MTBE, TBA, and TAME attenuation in diverse hyporheic zones
James Landmeyer, Paul M. Bradley, D.A. Trego, K.G. Hale, J.E. Haas II
2010, Ground Water (48) 30-41
Groundwater contamination by fuel-related compounds such as the fuel oxygenates methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE), tert-butyl alcohol (TBA), and tert-amyl methyl ether (TAME) presents a significant issue to managers and consumers of groundwater and surface water that receives groundwater discharge. Four sites were investigated on Long Island, New York, characterized by...
Avian foods, foraging and habitat conservation in world rice fields
J.D. Stafford, R.M. Kaminski, K. J. Reinecke
2010, Waterbirds (33) 133-150
Worldwide, rice (Oryza sativa) agriculture typically involves seasonal flooding and soil tillage, which provides a variety of microhabitats and potential food for birds. Water management in rice fields creates conditions ranging from saturated mud flats to shallow (<30 cm) water, thereby attracting different guilds of birds. Grain not collected during...
Measurement and modeling of polychlorinated biphenyl bioaccumulation from sediment for the marine polychaete neanthes arenaceodentata and response to sorbent amendment
E.M.-L. Janssen, Marie Noele Croteau, S. N. Luoma, R.G. Luthy
2010, Environmental Science & Technology (44) 2857-2863
Bioaccumulation rates of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) for the marine polychaete Neanthes arenaceodentata were characterized, including PCB uptake rates from water and sediment, and the effect of sorbent amendment to the sediment on PCB bioavailability, organism growth, and lipid content. Physiological parameters were incorporated into a biodynamic model to predict contaminant...
Population dynamics of spotted owls in the Sierra Nevada, California
J.A. Blakesley, M.E. Seamans, M.M. Conner, A.B. Franklin, Gary C. White, R. J. Gutierrez, J.E. Hines, J.D. Nichols, T.E. Munton, D.W.H. Shaw, J.J. Keane, G.N. Steger, T. L. McDonald
2010, Wildlife Monographs 1-36
The California spotted owl (Strix occidentalis occidentalis) is the only spotted owl subspecies not listed as threatened or endangered under the United States Endangered Species Act despite petitions to list it as threatened. We conducted a meta-analysis of population data for 4 populations in the southern Cascades and Sierra Nevada,...
The Sudbury impact layer in the paleoproterozoiciron ranges of northern Michigan, USA
W.F. Cannon, K. J. Schulz, J. Wright Horton Jr., David A. King
2010, Geological Society of America Bulletin (122) 50-75
A layer of breccia that contains fragments of impact ejecta has been found at 10 sites in the Paleoproterozoic iron ranges of northern Michigan, in the Lake Superior region of the United States. Radiometric age constraints from events predating and postdating deposition of the breccia are ca. 1875 Ma and...
Canopy gap dynamics of second-growth red spruce-northern hardwood stands in West Virginia
J.S. Rentch, T.M. Schuler, G.J. Nowacki, N.R. Beane, W.M. Ford
2010, Forest Ecology and Management (260) 1921-1929
Forest restoration requires an understanding of the natural disturbance regime of the target community and estimates of the historic range of variability of ecosystem components (composition, structure, and disturbance processes). Management prescriptions that support specific restoration activities should be consistent with these parameters. In this study, we describe gap-phase dynamics...
Monitoring on-orbit calibration stability of the Terra MODIS and Landsat 7 ETM+ sensors using pseudo-invariant test sites
G. Chander, X. Xiong, T. Choi, A. Angal
2010, Remote Sensing of Environment (114) 925-939
The ability to detect and quantify changes in the Earth's environment depends on sensors that can provide calibrated, consistent measurements of the Earth's surface features through time. A critical step in this process is to put image data from different sensors onto a common radiometric scale. This work focuses on...
Occurrence of avian Plasmodium and West Nile virus in culex species in Wisconsin
T. Hughes, P. Irwin, E. Hofmeister, S.M. Paskewitz
2010, Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association (26) 24-31
The occurrence of multiple pathogens in mosquitoes and birds could affect the dynamics of disease transmission. We collected adult Culex pipiens and Cx. restuans (Cx. pipiens/restuans hereafter) from sites in Wisconsin and tested them for West Nile virus (WNV) and for avian malaria (Plasmodium). Gravid Cx. pipiens/restuans were tested for...
Temporal and spatial shifts in habitat use by Black Brant immediately following flightless molt
Tyler L. Lewis, Paul L. Flint, Joel A. Schmutz, Dirk V. Derksen
2010, Wilson Journal of Ornithology (122) 484-493
Each year thousands of Pacific Black Brant (Branta bernicla nigricans) undergo flightless wing molt in the Teshekpuk Lake Special Area (TLSA), Alaska, in two distinct habitats: inland, freshwater lakes and coastal, brackish wetlands. Brant lose body mass during wing molt and likely must add reserves upon regaining flight to help...
Thematic accuracy of the NLCD 2001 land cover for the conterminous United States
J.D. Wickham, S.V. Stehman, J.A. Fry, J.H. Smith, Collin G. Homer
2010, Remote Sensing of Environment (114) 1286-1296
The land-cover thematic accuracy of NLCD 2001 was assessed from a probability-sample of 15,000 pixels. Nationwide, NLCD 2001 overall Anderson Level II and Level I accuracies were 78.7% and 85.3%, respectively. By comparison, overall accuracies at Level II and Level I for the NLCD 1992 were 58% and 80%. Forest and...
Paleobiogeography, high-resolution stratigraphy, and the future of Paleozoic biostratigraphy: Fine-scale diachroneity of the Wenlock (Silurian) conodont Kockelella walliseri
Bradley D. Cramer, Mark A. Kleffner, Carlton E. Brett, P.I. McLaughlin, Lennart Jeppsson, Axel Munnecke, Christian Samtleben
2010, Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology (294) 232-241
The Wenlock Epoch of the Silurian Period has become one of the chronostratigraphically best-constrained intervals of the Paleozoic. The integration of multiple chronostratigraphic tools, such as conodont and graptolite biostratigraphy, sequence stratigraphy, and ??13Ccarb chemostratigraphy, has greatly improved global chronostratigraphic correlation and portions of the Wenlock can now be correlated...
Bottom-up factors influencing riparian willow recovery in Yellowstone National Park
M.T. Tercek, R. Stottlemyer, R. Renkin
2010, Western North American Naturalist (70) 387-399
After the elimination of wolves (Canis lupis L.) in the 1920s, woody riparian plant communities on the northern range of Yellowstone National Park (YNP) declined an estimated 50%. After the reintroduction of wolves in 19951996, riparian willows (Salix spp.) on YNP's northern range showed significant growth for the first time...
Global estimates of evapotranspiration and gross primary production based on MODIS and global meteorology data
W. Yuan, S. Liu, G. Yu, J.-M. Bonnefond, J. Chen, K. Davis, A.R. Desai, Allen H. Goldstein, D. Gianelle, F. Rossi, A.E. Suyker, S.B. Verma
2010, Remote Sensing of Environment (114) 1416-1431
The simulation of gross primary production (GPP) at various spatial and temporal scales remains a major challenge for quantifying the global carbon cycle. We developed a light use efficiency model, called EC-LUE, driven by only four variables: normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), air temperature, and...
Introduction to the special issue on the 2008 Wenchuan, China, earthquake
Yann Klinger, C. Ji, Z.-K. Shen, W. H. Bakun
2010, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (100) 2353-2356
[No abstract available]...
