Geological effects and implications of the 2010 tsunami along the central coast of Chile
R.A. Morton, G. Gelfenbaum, M.L. Buckley, B. M. Richmond
2011, Sedimentary Geology (242) 34-51
Geological effects of the 2010 Chilean tsunami were quantified at five near-field sites along a 200 km segment of coast located between the two zones of predominant fault slip. Field measurements, including topography, flow depths, flow directions, scour depths, and deposit thicknesses, provide insights into the processes and morphological changes associated...
Arsenic associations in sediments from shallow aquifers of northwestern Hetao Basin, Inner Mongolia
Y. Deng, Y. Wang, T. Ma, H. Yang, J. He
2011, Environmental Earth Sciences (64) 2001-2011
Understanding the mechanism of arsenic mobilization from sediments to groundwater is important for water quality management in areas of endemic arsenic poisoning, such as the Hetao Basin in Inner Mongolia, northern China. Aquifer geochemistry was characterized at three field sites (SH, HF, TYS) in Hangjinhouqi County of northwestern Hetao Basin....
Native Americans, regional drought and tree Island evolution in the Florida Everglades
C. Bernhardt
2011, Holocene (21) 967-978
This study uses palynologic data to determine the effects of regional climate variability and human activity on the formation and development of tree islands during the last ~4000 years. Although prolonged periods of aridity have been invoked as one mechanism for their formation, Native American land use has also been...
Challenges of using electrical resistivity method to locate karst conduits-A field case in the Inner Bluegrass Region, Kentucky
J. Zhu, J.C. Currens, J.S. Dinger
2011, Journal of Applied Geophysics (75) 523-530
Conduits serve as major pathways for groundwater flow in karst aquifers. Locating them from the surface, however, is one of the most challenging tasks in karst research. Geophysical methods are often deployed to help locate voids by mapping variations of physical properties of the subsurface. Conduits can cause significant contrasts...
Movements of wolves at the northern extreme of the species' range, including during four months of darkness
L.D. Mech, H.D. Cluff
2011, PLoS ONE (6)
Information about wolf (Canis lupus) movements anywhere near the northern extreme of the species' range in the High Arctic (<75??N latitude) are lacking. There, wolves prey primarily on muskoxen (Ovibos moschatus) and must survive 4 months of 24 hr/day winter darkness and temperatures reaching -53 C. The extent to which...
High hunting pressure selects for earlier birth date: Wild boar as a case study
M. Gamelon, A. Besnard, J.-M. Gaillard, S. Servanty, E. Baubet, S. Brandt, O. Gimenez
2011, Evolution (65) 3100-3112
Exploitation by humans affects the size and structure of populations. This has evolutionary and demographic consequences that have typically being studied independent of one another. We here applied a framework recently developed applying quantitative tools from population ecology and selection gradient analysis to quantify the selection on a quantitative trait-birth...
Factors driving spatial and temporal variation in production and production/biomass ratio of stream-resident brown trout (Salmo trutta) in Cantabrian streams
J. Lobon-Cervia, G. Gonzalez, P. Budy
2011, Freshwater Biology (56) 2272-2287
1.The objective was to identify the factors driving spatial and temporal variation in annual production (PA) and turnover (production/biomass) ratio (P/BA) of resident brown trout Salmo trutta in tributaries of the Rio Esva (Cantabrian Mountains, Asturias, north-western Spain). We examined annual production (total production of all age-classes over a year)...
Decreasing prevalence of brucellosis in red deer through efforts to control disease in livestock
E. Serrano, P.C. Cross, M. Beneria, A. Ficapal, J. Curia, X. Marco, S. Lavin, I. Marco
2011, Epidemiology and Infection (139) 1626-1630
When a pathogen infects a number of different hosts, the process of determining the relative importance of each host species to the persistence of the pathogen is often complex. Removal of a host species is a potential but rarely possible way of discovering the importance of that species to the...
Mg-spinel lithology: A new rock type on the lunar farside
C.M. Pieters, S. Besse, J. Boardman, B. Buratti, L. Cheek, R. N. Clark, J. #NAME? Combe, D. Dhingra, J.N. Goswami, R.O. Green, J.W. Head, P. Isaacson, R. Klima, G. Kramer, S. Lundeen, E. Malaret, T. McCord, J. Mustard, J. Nettles, N. Petro, C. Runyon, M. Staid, J. Sunshine, L.A. Taylor, K. Thaisen, S. Tompkins, J. Whitten
2011, Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets (116)
High-resolution compositional data from Moon Mineralogy Mapper (M 3) for the Moscoviense region on the lunar farside reveal three unusual, but distinctive, rock types along the inner basin ring. These are designated "OOS" since they are dominated by high concentrations of orthopyroxene, olivine, and Mg-rich spinel, respectively. The OOS occur...
Alphacoronaviruses in new World bats: Prevalence, persistence, phylogeny, and potential for interaction with humans
C. Osborne, P.M. Cryan, T. J. O'Shea, L.M. Oko, C. Ndaluka, C.H. Calisher, A.D. Berglund, M.L. Klavetter, R. A. Bowen, K.V. Holmes, S.R. Dominguez
2011, PLoS ONE (6) 1-11
Bats are reservoirs for many different coronaviruses (CoVs) as well as many other important zoonotic viruses. We sampled feces and/or anal swabs of 1,044 insectivorous bats of 2 families and 17 species from 21 different locations within Colorado from 2007 to 2009. We detected alphacoronavirus RNA in bats of 4...
Analysis of passive surface-wave noise in surface microseismic data and its implications
F. Forghani-Arani, M. Willis, S. Haines, M. Batzle, M. Davidson
2011, SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts (30) 1493-1498
Tight gas reservoirs are projected to be a major portion of future energy resources. Because of their low permeability, hydraulic fracturing of these reservoirs is required to improve the permeability and reservoir productivity. Passive seismic monitoring is one of the few tools that can be used to characterize the changes...
Trench infiltration for managed aquifer recharge to permeable bedrock
V.M. Heilweil, D.E. Watt
2011, Hydrological Processes (25) 141-151
Managed aquifer recharge to permeable bedrock is increasingly being utilized to enhance resources and maintain sustainable groundwater development practices. One such target is the Navajo Sandstone, an extensive regional aquifer located throughout the Colorado Plateau of the western United States. Spreading-basin and bank-filtration projects along the sandstone outcrop's western edge...
Comparison of phenolic compounds and the effects of invasive and native species in East Asia: Support for the novel weapons hypothesis
Y.-O. Kim, E.J. Lee
2011, Ecological Research (26) 87-94
One prediction of the novel weapons hypothesis (NWH) for the dominance of exotic invasive plant species is that the allelopathic effects of successful invaders will, in general, be more biochemically inhibitory to native species and microbes in invaded regions than the native plants themselves. However, no study has compared biochemical...
Rethinking hyporheic flow and transient storage to advance understanding of stream-catchment connections
Kenneth E. Bencala, M.N. Gooseff, Briant A. Kimball
2011, Water Resources Research (47)
Although surface water and groundwater are increasingly referred to as one resource, there remain environmental and ecosystem needs to study the 10 m to 1 km reach scale as one hydrologic system. Streams gain and lose water over a range of spatial and temporal scales. Large spatial scales (kilometers) have...
Geologic framework influences on the geomorphology of an anthropogenically modified barrier island: Assessment of dune/beach changes at Fire Island, New York
Erika E. Lentz, Cheryl Hapke
2011, Geomorphology (126) 82-96
Antecedent geology plays a crucial role in determining the inner-shelf, nearshore, and onshore geomorphology observed in coastal systems. However, the influence of the geologic framework on a system is difficult to extract when evaluating responses to changes due to storms and anthropogenic modifications, and few studies have quantified the potential...
Spring-fall asymmetry of substorm strength, geomagnetic activity and solar wind: Implications for semiannual variation and solar hemispheric asymmetry
K. Mursula, E. Tanskanen, J.J. Love
2011, Geophysical Research Letters (38)
We study the seasonal variation of substorms, geomagnetic activity and their solar wind drivers in 1993–2008. The number of substorms and substorm mean duration depict an annual variation with maxima in Winter and Summer, respectively, reflecting the annual change of the local ionosphere. In contradiction, substorm mean amplitude, substorm total...
Hierarchical modeling of an invasive spread: The eurasian collared-dove streptopelia decaocto in the United States
F. Bled, J. Andrew Royle, E. Cam
2011, Ecological Applications (21) 290-302
Invasive species are regularly claimed as the second threat to biodiversity. To apply a relevant response to the potential consequences associated with invasions (e.g., emphasize management efforts to prevent new colonization or to eradicate the species in places where it has already settled), it is essential to understand invasion mechanisms...
Mountain treelines: A roadmap for research orientation
George P. Malanson, Lynn M. Resler, Maaike Y. Bader, Fredrich-Karl Holtmeier, David R. Butler, Daniel J. Weiss, Lori D. Daniels, Daniel B. Fagre
2011, Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research (43) 167-177
For over 100 years, mountain treelines have been the subject of varied research endeavors and remain a strong area of investigation. The purpose of this paper is to examine aspects of the epistemology of mountain treeline research-that is, to investigate how knowledge on treelines has been acquired and the changes...
Past and ongoing shifts in Joshua tree distribution support future modeled range contraction
Kenneth L. Cole, Kirsten Ironside, Jon K. Eischeid, Gregg Garfin, Phil Duffy, Chris Toney
2011, Ecological Applications (21) 137-149
The future distribution of the Joshua tree (Yucca brevifolia) is projected by combining a geostatistical analysis of 20th-century climates over its current range, future modeled climates, and paleoecological data showing its response to a past similar climate change. As climate rapidly warmed ;11 700 years ago, the range of Joshua...
Toward a consistent model for strain accrual and release for the New Madrid Seismic Zone, central United States
S. E. Hough, M. Page
2011, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (116)
At the heart of the conundrum of seismogenesis in the New Madrid Seismic Zone is the apparently substantial discrepancy between low strain rate and high recent seismic moment release. In this study we revisit the magnitudes of the four principal 1811–1812 earthquakes using intensity values determined from individual assessments from...
Viruses and bacteria in karst and fractured rock aquifers in east Tennessee, USA
T.B. Johnson, L.D. McKay, A.C. Layton, S.W. Jones, G.C. Johnson, J.L. Cashdollar, D.R. Dahling, L.F. Villegas, G.S. Fout, D.E. Williams, G. Sayler
2011, Ground Water (49) 98-110
A survey of enteric viruses and indicator bacteria was carried out in eight community water supply sources (four wells and four springs) in East Tennessee. Seven sites derived their water from carbonate aquifers and one from fractured sandstone. Four of the sites were deemed "low-risk" based on prior monitoring of...
Modeling routes of chronic wasting disease transmission: Environmental prion persistence promotes deer population decline and extinction
Emily S. Almberg, Paul C. Cross, Christopher J. Johnson, Dennis M. Heisey, Bryan J. Richards
2011, PLoS ONE (6)
Chronic wasting disease (CWD) is a fatal disease of deer, elk, and moose transmitted through direct, animal-to-animal contact, and indirectly, via environmental contamination. Considerable attention has been paid to modeling direct transmission, but despite the fact that CWD prions can remain infectious in the environment for years, relatively little information...
Paleoceanographic changes on the Farallon Escarpment off central California during the last 16,000 years
M. McGann
2011, Quaternary International (235) 26-39
New benthic and planktic foraminiferal assemblage census data and Benthic Foraminiferal Oxygen Index (BFOI) values, previously published marine climate proxy data (stable isotopes and Ca/Cd), and unpublished results of total carbon, organic carbon, and calcium carbonate analyses of sediments recovered off central California on the Farallon Escarpment (1605m water depth;...
Evidence for mechanical and chemical alteration of iron-nickel meteorites on Mars: Process insights for Meridiani Planum
James W. Ashley, M.P. Golombek, P. R. Christensen, S. W. Squyres, T.J. McCoy, C. Schroder, I. Fleischer, J. R. Johnson, Kenneth E. Herkenhoff, T. J. Parker
2011, Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets (116)
The weathering of meteorites found on Mars involves chemical and physical processes that can provide clues to climate conditions at the location of their discovery. Beginning on sol 1961, the Opportunity rover encountered three large iron meteorites within a few hundred meters of each other. In order of discovery, these...
Movement Patterns of American Shad Transported Upstream of Dams on The Roanoke River, North Carolina and Virginia
Julianne E. Harris, J.E. Hightower
2011, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (31) 240-256
American shad Alosa sapidissima are in decline throughout much of their native range as a result of overfishing, pollution, and habitat alteration in coastal rivers where they spawn. One approach to restoration in regulated rivers is to provide access to historical spawning habitat above dams through a trap-and-transport program. We examined the...
