Challenges of using electrical resistivity method to locate karst conduits-A field case in the Inner Bluegrass Region, Kentucky
J. Zhu, J.C. Currens, J.S. Dinger
2011, Journal of Applied Geophysics (75) 523-530
Conduits serve as major pathways for groundwater flow in karst aquifers. Locating them from the surface, however, is one of the most challenging tasks in karst research. Geophysical methods are often deployed to help locate voids by mapping variations of physical properties of the subsurface. Conduits can cause significant contrasts...
Native Americans, regional drought and tree Island evolution in the Florida Everglades
C. Bernhardt
2011, Holocene (21) 967-978
This study uses palynologic data to determine the effects of regional climate variability and human activity on the formation and development of tree islands during the last ~4000 years. Although prolonged periods of aridity have been invoked as one mechanism for their formation, Native American land use has also been...
Arsenic associations in sediments from shallow aquifers of northwestern Hetao Basin, Inner Mongolia
Y. Deng, Y. Wang, T. Ma, H. Yang, J. He
2011, Environmental Earth Sciences (64) 2001-2011
Understanding the mechanism of arsenic mobilization from sediments to groundwater is important for water quality management in areas of endemic arsenic poisoning, such as the Hetao Basin in Inner Mongolia, northern China. Aquifer geochemistry was characterized at three field sites (SH, HF, TYS) in Hangjinhouqi County of northwestern Hetao Basin....
Uni-directional consumer-resource theory characterizing transitions of interaction outcomes
Y. Wang, D.L. DeAngelis, J.N. Holland
2011, Ecological Complexity (8) 249-257
A resource is considered here to be a biotic population that helps to maintain the population growth of its consumers, whereas a consumer utilizes a resource and in turn decreases its growth rate. Bi-directional consumer–resource (C–R) interactions have been the object of recent theory. In these interactions, each species acts,...
Pressure waves in a supersaturated bubbly magma
I. Kurzon, V. Lyakhovsky, O. Navon, B. Chouet
2011, Geophysical Journal International (187) 421-438
We study the interaction of acoustic pressure waves with an expanding bubbly magma. The expansion of magma is the result of bubble growth during or following magma decompression and leads to two competing processes that affect pressure waves. On the one hand, growth in vesicularity leads to increased damping and...
Spectral heterogeneity on Phobos and Deimos: HiRISE observations and comparisons to Mars Pathfinder results
N. Thomas, R. Stelter, A. Ivanov, N.T. Bridges, Kenneth E. Herkenhoff, A. S. McEwen
2011, Planetary and Space Science (59) 1281-1292
The High-Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE) onboard Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO) has been used to observe Phobos and Deimos at spatial scales of around 6 and 20 m/px, respectively. HiRISE (McEwen et al.; JGR, 112, CiteID E05S02, DOI: 10.1029/2005JE002605, 2007) has provided, for the first time, high-resolution colour images of...
Watershed morphology of highland and mountain ecoregions in eastern Oklahoma
D. K. Splinter, Daniel C. Dauwalter, R. A. Marston, William Fisher
2011, Professional Geographer (63) 131-143
The fluvial system represents a nested hierarchy that reflects the relationship among different spatial and temporal scales. Within the hierarchy, larger scale variables influence the characteristics of the next lower nested scale. Ecoregions represent one of the largest scales in the fluvial hierarchy and are defined by recurring patterns of...
Resource selection by black-footed ferrets in South Dakota and Montana
D.S. Jachowski, J.J. Millspaugh, E. Biggins, T.M. Livieri, Marc R. Matchett, C.D. Rittenhouse
2011, Natural Areas Journal (31) 218-225
The black-footed ferret (Mustela nigripes), once extinct in the wild, remains one of the most critically endangered mammals in North America despite 18 years of reintroduction attempts. Because black-footed ferrets are specialized predators of prairie dogs (Cynomys sp.), a better understanding of how black-footed ferrets select resources might provide insight...
Seasonal fecundity and source-sink status of shrub-nesting birds in a southwestern riparian corridor
L. Arriana Brand, B.R. Noon
2011, Wilson Journal of Ornithology (123) 48-58
Saltcedar (Tamarix spp.) has increasingly dominated riparian floodplains relative to native forests in the southwestern U.S., but little is known about its impacts on avian productivity or population status. We monitored 86 Arizona Bell's Vireo (Vireo bellii arizonae), 147 Abert's Towhee (Melozone aberti), and 154 Yellow-breasted Chat (<span...
Active aeolian processes on Mars: A regional study in Arabia and Meridiani Terrae
S. Silvestro, D.A. Vaz, L.K. Fenton, Paul E. Geissler
2011, Geophysical Research Letters (38)
We present evidence of widespread aeolian activity in the Arabia Terra/Meridiani region (Mars), where different kinds of aeolian modifications have been detected and classified. Passing from the regional to the local scale, we describe one particular dune field in Meridiani Planum, where two ripple populations are distinguished by means of...
Why do some, but not all, tropical birds migrate? A comparative study of diet breadth and fruit preference
W.A. Boyle, Courtney J. Conway, Judith L. Bronstein
2011, Evolutionary Ecology (25) 219-236
Annual migrations of birds profoundly influence terrestrial communities. However, few empirical studies examine why birds migrate, in part due to the difficulty of testing causal hypotheses in long-distance migration systems. Short-distance altitudinal migrations provide relatively tractable systems in which to test explanations for migration. Many past studies explain tropical altitudinal...
Evidence of two genetic clusters of manatees with low genetic diversity in Mexico and implications for their conservation
C. Nourisson, B. Morales-Vela, J. Padilla-Saldivar, K.P. Tucker, A. Clark, L. D. Olivera-Gomez, Robert K. Bonde, P. McGuire
2011, Genetica (139) 833-842
The Antillean manatee (Trichechus manatus manatus) occupies the tropical coastal waters of the Greater Antilles and Caribbean, extending from Mexico along Central and South America to Brazil. Historically, manatees were abundant in Mexico, but hunting during the pre-Columbian period, the Spanish colonization and throughout the history of Mexico, has resulted...
Compensatory effects of recruitment and survival when amphibian populations are perturbed by disease
E. Muths, R. D. Scherer, D. S. Pilliod
2011, Journal of Applied Ecology (48) 873-879
The need to increase our understanding of factors that regulate animal population dynamics has been catalysed by recent, observed declines in wildlife populations worldwide. Reliable estimates of demographic parameters are critical for addressing basic and applied ecological questions and understanding the response of parameters to perturbations (e.g. disease, habitat loss,...
Geology and petroleum potential of the Arctic Alaska petroleum province
Kenneth J. Bird, David W. Houseknecht
2011, Geological Society Memoir 485-499
The Arctic Alaska petroleum province encompasses all lands and adjacent continental shelf areas north of the Brooks Range–Herald Arch orogenic belt and south of the northern (outboard) margin of the Beaufort Rift shoulder. Even though only a small part is thoroughly explored, it is one of the most prolific petroleum...
A nuclear localization of the infectious haematopoietic necrosis virus NV protein is necessary for optimal viral growth
M.K. Choi, C. H. Moon, M.S. Ko, U.-H. Lee, W. Cho, S.J. Cha, J.W. Do, G.J. Heo, S.G. Jeong, Y.S. Hahm, A. Harmache, M. Bremont, Gael Kurath, J. W. Park
2011, PLoS ONE (6)
The nonvirion (NV) protein of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) has been previously reported to be essential for efficient growth and pathogenicity of IHNV. However, little is known about the mechanism by which the NV supports the viral growth. In this study, cellular localization of NV and its role in...
Comparative mobility of sulfonamides and bromide tracer in three soils
S.T. Kurwadkar, C.D. Adams, Michael T. Meyer, Dana W. Kolpin
2011, Journal of Environmental Management (92) 1874-1881
In animal agriculture, sulfonamides are one of the routinely used groups of antimicrobials for therapeutic and sub-therapeutic purposes. It is observed that, the animals when administered the antimicrobials, often do not completely metabolize them; and excrete the partially metabolized forms into the environment. Due to the continued use of antimicrobials...
Diets of the sympatric pacific sheath-tailed bat (Emballonura semicaudata rotensis) and Mariana Swiftlet (Aerodramus bartscht) on Aguiguan, Mariana Islands
Ernest W. Valdez, G.J. Wiles, Thomas J. O’Shea
2011, Pacific Science (65) 301-309
The Pacific sheath-tailed bat (Emballonura semicaudata rotensis) and Mariana swiftlet (Aerodramus bartschi) are two rare insectivorous taxa restricted to the southern Mariana Islands in western Micronesia. It is believed that populations of both have dwindled because of impacts to their food resources. However, there is little information on the food...
Data sharing by scientists: Practices and perceptions
Carol Tenopir, Suzie Allard, K. Douglass, Arsev Umur Aydinoglu, Lei Wu, Eleanor Read, Maribeth Manoff, Mike Frame
2011, PLoS ONE (6) 1-21
BackgroundScientific research in the 21st century is more data intensive and collaborative than in the past. It is important to study the data practices of researchers – data accessibility, discovery, re-use, preservation and, particularly, data sharing. Data sharing is a valuable part of the scientific method allowing...
Rapid diagnosis of avian influenza virus in wild birds: Use of a portable rRT-PCR and freeze-dried reagents in the field
John Y. Takekawa, N.J. Hill, A.K. Schultz, S. A. Iverson, C.J. Cardona, W.M. Boyce, J.P. Dudley
2011, Journal of Visualized Experiments (54)
Wild birds have been implicated in the spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) of the H5N1 subtype, prompting surveillance along migratory flyways. Sampling of wild birds for avian influenza virus (AIV) is often conducted in remote regions, but results are often delayed because of the need to transport samples...
Sedimentary successions of the Arctic Region (58–64° to 90°N) that may be prospective for hydrocarbons
Arthur Grantz, Robert A. Scott, Sergey S. Drachev, Thomas E. Moore, Zenon C. Valin
2011, Geological Society Memoir (35) 17-37
A total of 143 sedimentary successions that contain, or may be prospective for, hydrocarbons were identified in the Arctic Region north of 58–64°N and mapped in four quadrants at a scale of 1:11 000 000. Eighteen of these successions (12.6%) occur in the Arctic Ocean Basin, 25 (17.5%) in the...
Tiny intraplate earthquakes triggered by nearby episodic tremor and slip in Cascadia
J.E. Vidale, A.J. Hotovec, A. Ghosh, K. C. Creager, J. Gomberg
2011, Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems (12)
Episodic tremor and slip (ETS) has been observed in many subduction zones, but its mechanical underpinnings as well as its potential for triggering damaging earthquakes have proven difficult to assess. Here we use a seismic array in Cascadia of unprecedented density to monitor seismicity around a moderate 16 day ETS...
Using normalized difference vegetation index to estimate carbon fluxes from small rotationally grazed pastures
R.H. Skinner, B.K. Wylie, T.G. Gilmanov
2011, Agronomy Journal (103) 972-979
Satellite-based normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) data have been extensively used for estimating gross primary productivity (GPP) and yield of grazing lands throughout the world. However, the usefulness of satellite-based images for monitoring rotationally-grazed pastures in the northeastern United States might be limited because paddock size is often smaller than...
Inter-specific coral chimerism: Genetically distinct multicellular structures associated with tissue loss in Montipora capitata
Thierry M. Work, Zac H. Forsman, Zoltan Szabo, Teresa D. Lewis, Greta S. Aeby, Robert J. Toonen
2011, PLoS ONE (6)
Montipora white syndrome (MWS) results in tissue-loss that is often lethal to Montipora capitata, a major reef building coral that is abundant and dominant in the Hawai'ian Archipelago. Within some MWS-affected colonies in Kane'ohe Bay, Oahu, Hawai'i, we saw unusual motile multicellular structures within gastrovascular canals (hereafter referred to as invasive gastrovascular...
The indication of Martian gully formation processes by slope-area analysis
Susan J. Conway, Matthew R. Balme, John B. Murray, Martin C. Towner, Chris Okubo, Peter M. Grindrod
2011, Geological Society Special Publication (356) 171-201
The formation process of recent gullies on Mars is currently under debate. This study aims to discriminate between the proposed formation processes - pure water flow, debris flow and dry mass wasting - through the application of geomorphological indices commonly used in terrestrial geomorphology. High-resolution digital elevation models (DEMs) of...
A bacterium that can grow by using arsenic instead of phosphorus
Felisa Wolfe-Simon, Jodi S. Blum, T.R. Kulp, Gordon W. Rattray, S.E. Hoeft, J. Pett-Ridge, J.F. Stolz, S.M. Webb, P.K. Weber, P.C.W. Davies, A.D. Anbar, R.S. Oremland
2011, Science (332) 1163-1166
Life is mostly composed of the elements carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, and phosphorus. Although these six elements make up nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids and thus the bulk of living matter, it is theoretically possible that some other elements in the periodic table could serve the same functions. Here,...
