Differential growth of U and M type infectious haematopoietic necrosis virus in a rainbow trout–derived cell line, RTG-2
Jeong Woo Park, Chang Hoon Moon, Andrew Wargo, Maureen K. Purcell, Gael Kurath
2010, Journal of Fish Diseases (33) 583-591
Infectious haematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) is one of the most important viral pathogens of salmonids. In rainbow trout, IHNV isolates in the M genogroup are highly pathogenic, while U genogroup isolates are significantly less pathogenic. We show here that, at a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 1, a representative U...
Evaluation of methods for identifying spawning sites and habitat selection for alosines
Julianne E. Harris, Joseph E. Hightower
2010, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (30) 386-399
Characterization of riverine spawning habitat is important for the management and restoration of anadromous alosines. We examined the relative effectiveness of oblique plankton tows and spawning pads for collecting the eggs of American shad Alosa sapidissima, hickory shad A. mediocris, and “river herring” (a collective term for alewife A. pseudoharengus and blueback herring A. aestivalis)...
Streamflow gain-loss characteristics of Elkhead Creek downstream from Elkhead Reservoir near Craig, Colorado, 2009
Barbara C. Ruddy
2010, Scientific Investigations Report 2010-5198
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the Colorado Water Conservation Board, the Upper Colorado River Endangered Fish Recovery Program (UCREFRP), Colorado Division of Water Resources, and City of Craig studied the gain-loss characteristics of Elkhead Creek downstream from Elkhead Reservoir to the confluence with the Yampa River during...
Erosion of tilted fault blocks and deposition of coarse sediments in half-graben basins during late stages of extension: Gold Butte area, Basin and Range Province
Keith A. Howard, Sue Beard, M. A. Kuntz, Michael J. Kunk, Andrei M. Sarna-Wojcicki, M. E. Perkins, Ivo Lucchitta
2010, GSA Special Papers (463) 147-170
The provenance and stratigraphic architecture of basin-filling Miocene sediments around the Gold Butte area, southern Nevada, and adjacent highlands record the erosion of fault blocks that progressively tilted during extension. This study focuses especially on upper Miocene correlatives of the red sandstone unit and the Muddy Creek Formation that were...
Comparison of atmospheric mercury speciation and deposition at nine sites across central and eastern North America
Mark A. Engle, Michael T. Tate, David P. Krabbenhoft, James J Schauer, Allan Kolker, James B. Shanley, Michael Bothner
2010, Journal of Geophysical Research (115)
This study presents >5 cumulative years of tropospheric mercury (Hg) speciation measurements, over the period of 2003–2009, for eight sites in the central and eastern United States and one site in coastal Puerto Rico. The purpose of this research was to identify local and regional processes that impact Hg speciation...
Procedures for conducting underwater searches for invasive mussels (Dreissena sp.)
Noah Adams
2010, Open-File Report 2010-1308
Zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) were first detected in the Great Lakes in 1988. They were likely transported as larvae or young adults inside the ballast tanks of large ocean-going ships originating from Europe. Since their introduction, they have spread throughout the Eastern, Midwestern, and Southern United States. In 2007, Quagga...
Freshwater bacteria are stoichiometrically flexible with a nutrient composition similar to seston
James B. Cotner, Edward K. Hall, J. Thad Scott, Mikal Heldal
2010, Frontiers in Microbiology (1)
Although aquatic bacteria are assumed to be nutrient-rich, they out-compete other foodweb osmotrophs for nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) an apparent contradiction to resource ratio theory. This paradox could be resolved if aquatic bacteria were demonstrated to be nutrient-poor relative other portions of the planktonic food web. In a survey...
A river system to watch: documenting the effects of saltcedar (Tamarix spp.) biocontrol in the Virgin River valley
Heather L. Bateman, Tom L. Dudley, Dan W. Bean, Steven M. Ostoja, Kevin R. Hultine, Michael J. Kuehn
2010, Ecological Restoration (28) 405-410
Throughout riparian areas of the southwestern United States, non-native saltcedar (also known as tamarisk; Tamarix spp.) can form dense, monotypic stands and is often reported to have detrimental effects on native plants and habitat quality (Everitt 1980; Shafroth et al. 2005). Natural resource managers of these riparian areas spend considerable...
Effects of groundwater levels and headwater wetlands on streamflow in the Charlie Creek basin, Peace River watershed, west-central Florida
T. M. Lee, L. A. Sacks, J.D. Hughes
2010, Scientific Investigations Report 2010-5189
The Charlie Creek basin was studied from April 2004 to December 2005 to better understand how groundwater levels in the underlying aquifers and storage and overflow of water from headwater wetlands preserve the streamflows exiting this least-developed tributary basin of the Peace River watershed. The hydrogeologic framework, physical characteristics, and...
Using Landsat satellite data to support pesticide exposure assessment in California
Susan K. Maxwell, Matthew Airola, John R. Nuckols
2010, International Journal of Health Geographics (9)
Background The recent U.S. Geological Survey policy offering Landsat satellite data at no cost provides researchers new opportunities to explore relationships between environment and health. The purpose of this study was to examine the potential for using Landsat satellite data to support pesticide exposure assessment in California. Methods and Results We collected a...
Extrapolating growth reductions in fish to changes in population extinction risks: Copper and Chinook salmon.
Christopher A. Mebane, David L. Arthaud
2010, Human and Ecological Risk Assessment (16) 1026-1065
Fish commonly respond to stress, including stress from chemical exposures, with reduced growth. However, the relevance to wild populations of subtle and sometimes transitory growth reductions may not be obvious. At low-level, sustained exposures, Cu is one substance that commonly causes reduced growth but little mortality in laboratory toxicity tests...
Modeling to evaluate the response of savanna-derived cropland to warming–drying stress and nitrogen fertilizers
Zhengxi Tan, Larry L. Tieszen, Shuguang Liu, E. Tachie-Obeng
2010, Climatic Change (100) 702-715
Many savannas in West Africa have been converted to croplands and are among the world’s regions most vulnerable to climate change due to deteriorating soil quality. We focused on the savanna-derived cropland in northern Ghana to simulate its sensitivity to projected climate change and nitrogen fertilization scenarios. Here we show...
Map correlation method: Selection of a reference streamgage to estimate daily streamflow at ungaged catchments
Stacey A. Archfield, Richard M. Vogel
2010, Water Resources Research (46)
Daily streamflow time series are critical to a very broad range of hydrologic problems. Whereas daily streamflow time series are readily obtained from gaged catchments, streamflow information is commonly needed at catchments for which no measured streamflow information exists. At ungaged catchments, methods to estimate daily streamflow time series typically...
Age and sex specific timing, frequency, and spatial distribution of horseshoe crab spawning in Delaware Bay: Insights from a large-scale radio telemetry array
David R. Smith, L. J. Brousseau, Mary T. Mandt, Michael J. Millard
2010, Current Zoology (56) 563-574
To study horseshoe crab Limulus polyphemus spawning behavior and migration over a large-spatial extent (>100 km), we arrayed fixed station radio receivers throughout Delaware Bay and deployed radio transmitters and archival tags on adult horseshoe crabs prior to their spawning season. We tagged and released 160 females and 60 males in 2004...
Survival of captive and free-ranging Harlequin Ducks (Histrionicus histrionicus) following surgical liver biopsy
Daniel M. Mulcahy, Daniel Esler
2010, Journal of Wildlife Diseases (46) 1325-1329
We measured intra- and postoperative mortality rates of captive and free-ranging Harlequin Ducks (Histrionicus histrionicus) undergoing surgical liver biopsy sampling for determination of the induction of cytochrome P4501A, a biomarker of oil exposure. Liver biopsies were taken from and radio transmitters were implanted into 157 free-ranging Harlequin Ducks over three...
Lessons from (triggered) tremor
Joan Gomberg
2010, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (115)
I test a “clock-advance” model that implies triggered tremor is ambient tremor that occurs at a sped-up rate as a result of loading from passing seismic waves. This proposed model predicts that triggering probability is proportional to the product of the ambient tremor rate and a function describing the efficacy...
Hydrovolcanic features on Mars: Preliminary analysis of one Mars year of HiRISE observations
Laszlo P. Keszthelyi, Windy L. Jaeger, Colin M. Dundas, Sara Martinez-Alonso, Alfred S. McEwen, Moses P. Milazzo
2010, Icarus (205) 211-229
We provide an overview of features indicative of the interaction between water and lava and/or magma on Mars as seen by the High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE) camera during the Primary Science Phase of the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO) mission. The ability to confidently resolve meter-scale features from orbit...
Historical seismograms for unravelling a mysterious earthquake: The 1907 Sumatra Earthquake
Hiroo Kanamori, Luis Rivera, W.H.K. Lee
2010, Geophysical Journal International (183) 358-374
History of instrumental seismology is short. Seismograms are available only for a little more than 100 years; high-quality seismograms are available only for the last 50 years and the seismological database is very limited in time. To extend the database, seismograms of old events are of vital importance. Many unusual...
Effects of light and nutrients on seasonal phytoplankton succession in a temperate eutrophic coastal lagoon
Jeana L. Drake, Edward J. Carpenter, Mary Cousins, Kara L. Nelson, Alejandro Guido-Zarate, Keith A. Loftin
2010, Hydrobiologia (654) 177-192
Rodeo Lagoon, a low-salinity coastal lagoon in the Golden Gate National Recreation Area, California, United States, has been identified as an important ecosystem due to the presence of the endangered goby (Eucyclogobius newberri). Despite low anthropogenic impacts, the lagoon exhibits eutrophic conditions and supports annual episodes of very...
Broad accommodation of rift-related extension recorded by dyke intrusion in Saudi Arabia
John S. Pallister, Wendy A. McCausland, Sigurjon Jonsson, Zhong Lu, Hani M. Zahran, Salah El Hadidy, Abdallah Aburukbah, Ian C.F. Stewart, Paul R. Lundgren, Randall A. White, Mohammed R. H. Moufti
2010, Nature Geoscience (3) 705-712
The extensive harrat lava province of Arabia formed during the past 30 million years in response to Red Sea rifting and mantle upwelling. The area was regarded as seismically quiet, but between April and June 2009 a swarm of more than 30,000 earthquakes struck one of...
Simulated effects of groundwater pumping and artificial recharge on surface-water resources and riparian vegetation in the Verde Valley sub-basin, Central Arizona
Stanley A. Leake, Donald R. Pool
2010, Scientific Investigations Report 2010-5147
In the Verde Valley sub-basin, groundwater use has increased in recent decades. Residents and stakeholders in the area have established several groups to help in planning for sustainability of water and other resources of the area. One of the issues of concern is the effect of groundwater pumping in the...
Predators shape distribution and promote diversification of morphological defenses in Leucorrhinia , Odonata
Zlatko Petrin, Emily Gaenzle Schilling, Cyndy Loftin, Frank Johansson
2010, Evolutionary Ecology (24) 1003-1016
Predators strongly influence species assemblages and shape morphological defenses of prey. Interestingly, adaptations that constitute effective defenses against one type of predator may render the prey susceptible to other types of predators. Hence, prey may evolve different strategies to escape predation, which may facilitate adaptive radiation of prey organisms. Larvae...
Arctic sea ice decline: Projected changes in timing and extent of sea ice in the Bering and Chukchi Seas
David C. Douglas
2010, Open-File Report 2010-1176
The Arctic region is warming faster than most regions of the world due in part to increasing greenhouse gases and positive feedbacks associated with the loss of snow and ice cover. One consequence has been a rapid decline in Arctic sea ice over the past 3 decades?a decline that is...
Kiholo Bay, Hawaii, earthquake sequence of 2006: Relationship of the main shock slip with locations and source parameters of aftershocks
Takuji Yamada, Paul G. Okubo, Cecily J. Wolfe
2010, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (115)
We study the source process of the Kīholo Bay earthquake (MW 6.7), which occurred beneath the northwest part of the Island of Hawai‘i on 15 October 2006, and static stress drops of small earthquakes that occurred in 2006 and 2007 around the main shock including aftershocks. We relocate the aftershocks to...
Grassland birds wintering at U.S. Navy facilities in southern Texas
Marc C. Woodin, Mary Kay Skoruppa, Pearce D. Bryan, Amanda J. Ruddy, Graham C. Hickman
2010, Open-File Report 2010-1115
Grassland birds have undergone widespread decline throughout North America during the past several decades. Causes of this decline include habitat loss and fragmentation because of conversion of grasslands to cropland, afforestation in the East, brush and shrub invasion in the Southwest and western United States, and planting of exotic grass...
