Summer stream water temperature models for Great Lakes streams: New York
James E. McKenna, Ryan S. Butryn, Richard P. McDonald
2010, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (139) 1399-1414
Temperature is one of the most important environmental influences on aquatic organisms. It is a primary driver of physiological rates and many abiotic processes. However, despite extensive research and measurements, synoptic estimates of water temperature are not available for most regions, limiting our ability to make systemwide and large-scale assessments...
Method for calculating self-noise spectra and operating ranges for seismographic inertial sensors and recorders
John R. Evans, F. Followill, Charles R. Hutt, R.P. Kromer, R.L. Nigbor, A. T. Ringler, J.M. Steim, E. Wielandt
2010, Seismological Research Letters (81) 640-646
Understanding the performance of sensors and recorders is prerequisite to making appropriate use of them in seismology and earthquake engineering. This paper explores a critical aspect of instrument performance, the “self” noise level of the device and the amplitude range it can usefully record. Self noise limits the smallest signals,...
Lakewide estimates of alewife biomass and Chinook salmon abundance and consumption in Lake Ontario, 1989–2005: implications for prey fish sustainability
Brent A. Murry, Michael J. Connerton, Robert O’Gorman, Donald J. Stewart, Neil H. Ringlerd
2010, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (139) 223-240
Stocking levels of Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha for Lake Ontario have been highly controversial since the early 1990s, largely because of uncertainties about lakewide abundance and rates of prey consumption. Previous estimates have focused on years before 1995; since then, however, the Lake Ontario ecosystem has undergone substantial changes, and...
Mechanisms for chemostatic behavior in catchments: implications for CO2 consumption by mineral weathering
David W. Clow, M. Alisa Mast
2010, Chemical Geology (269) 40-51
Concentrations of weathering products in streams often show relatively little variation compared to changes in discharge, both at event and annual scales. In this study, several hypothesized mechanisms for this “chemostatic behavior” were evaluated, and the potential for those mechanisms to influence relations between climate, weathering fluxes, and CO2 consumption...
Phytoestrogens and mycotoxins in Iowa streams: An examination of underinvestigated compounds in agricultural basins
Dana W. Kolpin, Corinne C. Hoerger, Michael T. Meyer, Felix E. Wettstein, Laura E. Hubbard, Thomas D. Bucheli
2010, Journal of Environmental Quality (39) 2089-2099
This study provides the first broad-scale investigation on the spatial and temporal occurrence of phytoestrogens and mycotoxins in streams in the United States. Fifteen stream sites across Iowa were sampled five times throughout the 2008 growing season to capture a range of climatic and crop-growth conditions. Basin size upstream from...
Interacting parasites
Kevin D. Lafferty
2010, Science (330) 187-188
Parasitism is the most popular life-style on Earth, and many vertebrates host more than one kind of parasite at a time. A common assumption is that parasite species rarely interact, because they often exploit different tissues in a host, and this use of discrete resources limits competition (<a id="xref-ref-1-1"...
Influence of potential sea level rise on societal vulnerability to hurricane storm-surge hazards, Sarasota County, Florida
Tim G. Frazier, Nathan Wood, Brent Yarnal, Denise H. Bauer
2010, Applied Geography (30) 490-505
Although the potential for hurricanes under current climatic conditions continue to threaten coastal communities, there is concern that climate change, specifically potential increases in sea level, could influence the impacts of future hurricanes. To examine the potential effect of sea level rise on community vulnerability to future hurricanes, we assess...
Evidence for a novel marine harmful algal bloom: Cyanotoxin (Microcystin) transfer from land to sea otters
Melissa A. Miller, Raphael M. Kudela, Abdu Mekebri, Dave Crane, Stori C. Oates, M. Tim Tinker, Michelle Staedler, Woutrina A. Miller, Sharon Toy-Choutka, Clare Dominik, Dane Hardin, Gregg Langlois, Michael Murray, Kim Ward, David A. Jessup
2010, PLoS ONE (5) 1-11
"Super-blooms" of cyanobacteria that produce potent and environmentally persistent biotoxins (microcystins) are an emerging global health issue in freshwater habitats. Monitoring of the marine environment for secondary impacts has been minimal, although microcystin-contaminated freshwater is known to be entering marine ecosystems. Here we confirm deaths of marine mammals from microcystin...
Estimating migratory game-bird productivity by integrating age ratio and banding data
G.S. Zimmerman, W.A. Link, M.J. Conroy, J.R. Sauer, K.D. Richkus, G. Scott Boomer
2010, Wildlife Research (37) 612-622
Context: Reproduction is a critical component of fitness, and understanding factors that influence temporal and spatial dynamics in reproductive output is important for effective management and conservation. Although several indices of reproductive output for wide-ranging species, such as migratory birds, exist, there has been no theoretical justification for their estimators...
Analysis of pelagic species decline in the upper San Francisco Estuary using multivariate autoregressive modeling (MAR)
Ralph Mac Nally, James R. Thomson, Wim J. Kimmerer, Frederick Feyrer, Ken B. Newman, Andy Sih, William A. Bennett, Larry R. Brown, Erica Fleishman, Steven D. Culberson, Gonzalo Castillo
2010, Ecological Applications (20) 1417-1430
Four species of pelagic fish of particular management concern in the upper San Francisco Estuary, California, USA, have declined precipitously since ca. 2002: delta smelt (Hypomesus transpacificus), longfin smelt (Spirinchus thaleichthys), striped bass (Morone saxatilis), and threadfin shad (Dorosoma petenense). The estuary has been monitored since the late 1960s with...
Proportion of calves and adult muskoxen, Ovibos moschatus killed by gray wolves, Canis lupus, in July on Ellesmere Island
L. David Mech
2010, Canadian Field-Naturalist (124) 258-260
Generally Gray Wolves (Canis lupus L., 1758) tend to focus predation on young-of-the-year ungulates during summer, and I hypothesized that wolves preying on Muskoxen (Ovibos moschatus Zimmerman, 1780) in summer would follow that trend. Over 23 July periods observing wolves on Ellesmere Island, Nunavut, Canada, I found that packs of 2-12 adult...
Prolonged intensive dominance behavior between gray wolves, Canis lupus
L. David Mech, H. Dean Cluff
2010, Canadian Field-Naturalist (124) 215-218
Dominance is one of the most pervasive and important behaviors among wolves in a pack, yet its significance in free-ranging packs has been little studied. Insights into a behavior can often be gained by examining unusual examples of it. In the High Arctic near Eureka, Nunavut, Canada, we videotaped and...
An approach for modeling sediment budgets in supply-limited rivers
Scott Wright, David J. Topping, David M. Rubin, Theodore S. Melis
2010, Water Resources Research (46)
Reliable predictions of sediment transport and river morphology in response to variations in natural and human-induced drivers are necessary for river engineering and management. Because engineering and management applications may span a wide range of space and time scales, a broad spectrum of modeling approaches has been developed, ranging from...
Words matter: Recommendations for clarifying coral disease nomenclature and terminology
Caroline S. Rogers
2010, Diseases of Aquatic Organisms (91) 167-175
Coral diseases have caused significant losses on Caribbean reefs and are becoming a greater concern in the Pacific. Progress in coral disease research requires collaboration and communication among experts from many different disciplines. The lack of consistency in the use of terms and names in the recent scientific literature reflects...
Visible and infrared remote imaging of hazardous waste: A review
Terrence Slonecker, Gary B. Fisher, Danielle P. Aiello, Barry Haack
2010, Remote Sensing (2) 2474-2508
One of the critical global environmental problems is human and ecological exposure to hazardous wastes from agricultural, industrial, military and mining activities. These wastes often include heavy metals, hydrocarbons and other organic chemicals. Traditional field and laboratory detection and monitoring of these wastes are generally expensive and time consuming. The...
Thin-skinned deformation of sedimentary rocks in Valles Marineris, Mars
Joannah Metz, John P. Grotzinger, Chris Okubo, Ralph Milliken
2010, Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets (115)
Deformation of sedimentary rocks is widespread within Valles Marineris, characterized by both plastic and brittle deformation identified in Candor, Melas, and Ius Chasmata. We identified four deformation styles using HiRISE and CTX images: kilometer-scale convolute folds, detached slabs, folded strata, and pull-apart structures. Convolute folds are detached rounded slabs of...
Estimation of aquifer scale proportion using equal area grids: assessment of regional scale groundwater quality
Kenneth Belitz, Bryant C. Jurgens, Matthew K. Landon, Miranda S. Fram, Tyler D. Johnson
2010, Water Resources Research (46)
The proportion of an aquifer with constituent concentrations above a specified threshold (high concentrations) is taken as a nondimensional measure of regional scale water quality. If computed on the basis of area, it can be referred to as the aquifer scale proportion. A spatially unbiased estimate of aquifer scale proportion...
Book review: Conservation biology of Hawaiian forest birds: Implications for island avifauna
R. Todd Engstrom, Charles van Riper III
2010, The Auk (127) 956-958
For many years, following the publication of Studies in Avian Biology No. 22 by Scott et al. (2001), ornithologists interested in Hawaiian birds have waited for the next synthesis volume on Hawaiian bird research. Finally there is one, and it is excellent. Thane Pratt and his colleagues...
Are wolves saving Yellowstone's aspen? A landscape-level test of a behaviorally mediated trophic cascade
Matthew J. Kauffman, Jedediah F. Brodie, Erik S. Jules
2010, Ecology (91) 2742-2755
Behaviorally mediated trophic cascades (BMTCs) occur when the fear of predation among herbivores enhances plant productivity. Based primarily on systems involving small-bodied predators, BMTCs have been proposed as both strong and ubiquitous in natural ecosystems. Recently, however, synthetic work has suggested that the existence of BMTCs may be mediated by...
Coherence of Mach fronts during heterogeneous supershear earthquake rupture propagation: Simulations and comparison with observations
A. Bizzarri, Eric M. Dunham, P. Spudich
2010, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (115) B08301
We study how heterogeneous rupture propagation affects the coherence of shear and Rayleigh Mach wavefronts radiated by supershear earthquakes. We address this question using numerical simulations of ruptures on a planar, vertical strike-slip fault embedded in a three-dimensional, homogeneous, linear elastic half-space. Ruptures propagate spontaneously in accordance with a linear...
Analysis of nonvolcanic tremor on the San Andreas Fault near Parkfield, CA using U.S. Geological Survey Parkfield Seismic Array
Jon B. Fletcher, Lawrence M. Baker
2010, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (115)
Reports by Nadeau and Dolenc (2005) that tremor had been detected near Cholame Valley spawned an effort to use UPSAR (U. S. Geological Survey Parkfield Seismic Array) to study characteristics of tremor. UPSAR was modified to record three channels of velocity at 40–50 sps continuously in January 2005 and ran...
The North American upper mantle: Density, composition, and evolution
Walter D. Mooney, Mikhail K. Kaban
2010, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (115)
The upper mantle of North America has been well studied using various seismic methods. Here we investigate the density structure of the North American (NA) upper mantle based on the integrative use of the gravity field and seismic data. The basis of our study is the removal of the gravitational...
The Sargassum Frogfish (Histrio histrio Linnaeus) observed in mangroves in St. John, US Virgin Islands
C.S. Rogers, T.W. Pietsch, J.E. Randall, R.J. Arnold
2010, Coral Reefs (29) 577-577
The Sargassum Frogfish (Histrio histrio), the only pelagic member of the frogfish family Antennariidae, is considered an obligate associate of floating mats of the brown algae Sargassum natans and S. fluitans (Adams 1960; Dooley 1972; Pietsch and Grobecker 1987). Between February and April 2010, 20 of these fish were observed...
Stakeholder perspectives on land-use strategies for adapting to climate-change-enhanced coastal hazards: Sarasota, Florida
Tim G. Frazier, Nathan Wood, Brent Yarnal
2010, Applied Geography (30) 506-517
Sustainable land-use planning requires decision makers to balance community growth with resilience to natural hazards. This balance is especially difficult in many coastal communities where planners must grapple with significant growth projections, the persistent threat of extreme events (e.g., hurricanes), and climate-change-driven sea level rise that not only presents a...
Short-term effects of experimental fires on a Mojave Desert seed bank
Todd C. Esque, James A. Young, C. Richard Tracy
2010, Journal of Arid Environments (74) 1302-1308
A Mojave Desert shrub community was experimentally burned to understand changes in seed bank of desert annual plant species in response to wildfire. Seed mortality ranged from 55 to 80%, and fire caused significant losses of native and alien annual seeds. Schismus arabicus, Schismus barbatus, Bromus madritensis, Bromus tectorum, Erodium...
