A multidisciplinary effort to assign realistic source parameters to models of volcanic ash-cloud transport and dispersion during eruptions
Larry G. Mastin, Marianne C. Guffanti, R. Servranckx, P. Webley, S. Barsotti, K. Dean, A. Durant, John W. Ewert, A. Neri, W.I. Rose, David J. Schneider, Lee Siebert, B. Stunder, G. Swanson, A. Tupper, A. Volentik, Christopher F. Waythomas
2009, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (186) 10-21
During volcanic eruptions, volcanic ash transport and dispersion models (VATDs) are used to forecast the location and movement of ash clouds over hours to days in order to define hazards to aircraft and to communities downwind. Those models use input parameters, called “eruption source parameters”, such as plume height H,...
Concentrations of cadmium, Cobalt, Lead, Nickel, and Zinc in Blood and Fillets of Northern Hog Sucker (Hypentelium nigricans) from streams contaminated by lead-Zinc mining: Implications for monitoring
C. J. Schmitt, W. G. Brumbaugh, T.W. May
2009, Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology (56) 509-524
Lead (Pb) and other metals can accumulate in northern hog sucker (Hypentelium nigricans) and other suckers (Catostomidae), which are harvested in large numbers from Ozark streams by recreational fishers. Suckers are also important in the diets of piscivorous wildlife and fishes. Suckers from streams contaminated by historic Pb-zinc (Zn) mining...
Mars Exploration Program 2007 Phoenix landing site selection and characteristics
R. Arvidson, D. Adams, G. Bonfiglio, P. Christensen, S. Cull, Matthew P. Golombek, J. Guinn, E. Guinness, T. Heet, Randolph L. Kirk, A. Knudson, M. Malin, M. Mellon, Alfred S. McEwen, A. Mushkin, T. Parker, F. Seelos IV, K. Seelos, P. Smith, D. Spencer, T. Stein, L. Tamppari
2009, Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets (114)
To ensure a successful touchdown and subsequent surface operations, the Mars Exploration Program 2007 Phoenix Lander must land within 65° to 72° north latitude, at an elevation less than −3.5 km. The landing site must have relatively low wind velocities and rock and slope distributions similar to or more benign...
Metal contamination and post-remediation recovery in the Boulder River watershed, Jefferson County, Montana
Daniel M. Unruh, Stanley E Church, David A. Nimick, David L. Fey
2009, Geochemistry: Exploration, Environment, Analysis (9) 179-199
The legacy of acid mine drainage and toxic trace metals left in streams by historical mining is being addressed by many important yet costly remediation efforts. Monitoring of environmental conditions frequently is not performed but is essential to evaluate remediation effectiveness, determine whether clean-up goals have been met, and assess...
Disease, predation and demography: Assessing the impacts of bovine tuberculosis on African buffalo by monitoring at individual and population levels
P.C. Cross, D.M. Heisey, J.A. Bowers, C.T. Hay, J. Wolhuter, P. Buss, M. Hofmeyr, A.L. Michel, Roy G. Bengis, T.L.F. Bird, Johan T. du Toit, W.M. Getz
2009, Journal of Applied Ecology (46) 467-475
SummaryUnderstanding the effects of disease is critical to determining appropriate management responses, but estimating those effects in wildlife species is challenging. We used bovine tuberculosis (BTB) in the African buffalo Syncerus caffer population of Kruger National Park, South Africa, as a case study to highlight the issues associated with estimating...
Modeling hazardous mass flows Geoflows09: Mathematical and computational aspects of modeling hazardous geophysical mass flows; Seattle, Washington, 9–11 March 2009
Richard M. Iverson, Randall J. LeVeque
2009, Eos, Earth and Space Science News (90) 201-201
A recent workshop at the University of Washington focused on mathematical and computational aspects of modeling the dynamics of dense, gravity-driven mass movements such as rock avalanches and debris flows. About 30 participants came from seven countries and brought diverse backgrounds in geophysics; geology; physics; applied and computational mathematics; and...
Status of pelagic prey fishes and pelagic macroinvertebrates in Lake Michigan, 2008
David M. Warner, Randall M. Claramunt, Jeffrey D. Holuszko, Timothy J. Desorcie
2009, Conference Paper
Acoustic surveys were conducted in late summer/early fall during the years 1992-1996 and 2001-2008 to estimate pelagic prey fish biomass in Lake Michigan. Midwater trawling during the surveys provided a measure of species and size composition of the fish community for use in scaling acoustic data and providing species-specific abundance...
Movement and habitat use of sika and white-tailed deer on Assateague Island National Seashore, Maryland
Duane R. Diefenbach, Sonja Christensen
2009, Technical Report NPS/NER/NRTR—2009/140
This research project was conducted to describe habitat use of sika deer (Cervus nippon) and white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) and possibly attribute the effects of ungulate herbivory to specific deer species, if spatial separation in habitat use could be identified. Sturm (2007) conducted an exclosure study to document the effect...
Audiomagnetotelluric investigation of Snake Valley, eastern Nevada and western Utah
Darcy McPhee, Keith Pari, Frank Baird
2009, Geology and Geologic Resources and Issues of Western Utah 287-298
Audiomagnetotelluric (AMT) data along four profiles in western Snake Valley and the corresponding two-dimensional (2-D) inverse models reveal subsurface structures that may be significant to ground-water investigations in the area. The AMT method is a valuable tool for estimating the electrical resistivity of the earth over depth ranges from...
Age, growth, mortality, and reproduction of Roughtongue bass, Pronotogrammus martinicensis 9Serranidae), in the northeastern Gulf of Mexico
Richard S. McBride, Kenneth J. Sulak, Paul E. Thurman, Adam K. Richardson
2009, Gulf of Mexico Science (27) 30-38
The inaccessibility of outer continental shelf reefs has made it difficult to investigate the biology of Pronotogrammus martinicensis, a small sea bass known to be numerous and widely distributed in such habitat. This study takes advantage of a series of cruises in the northeastern Gulf of Mexico that collected 1,485...
Surveillance and status of fish stocks in western Lake Erie, 2008
Michael T. Bur, William Edwards, Michael J. Porta, Martin A. Stapanian, Patrick Kocovsky
2009, Conference Paper
The Lake Erie Biological Station has conducted bottom trawl assessments of fish populations in western Lake Erie near East Harbor State Park, Ohio each summer and autumn since 1961. The catches of most age-0 forage fishes in 2008 were less than their 15-year means. Mean densities for five species exceeded...
Comparative status and assessment of Limulus polyphemus with emphasis on the New England and Delaware Bay populations
David Smith, Michael J. Millard, Ruth H. Carmichael
2009, Book chapter, Biology and Conservation of Horseshoe Crabs
Increases in harvest of the American horseshoe crab (Limulus polyphemus) during the 1990s, particularly for whelk bait, coupled with decreases in species that depend on their eggs has reduced horseshoe crab abundance, threatened their ecological relationships, and dictated precautionary management of the horseshoe crab resource. Accordingly, population assessments and monitoring...
Simulating hydrologic and hydraulic processes throughout the Amazon River Basin
R.E. Beighley, K.G. Eggert, T. Dunne, Y. He, V. Gummadi, K.L. Verdin
2009, Hydrological Processes (23) 1221-1235
Presented here is a model framework based on a land surface topography that can be represented with various degrees of resolution and capable of providing representative channel/floodplain hydraulic characteristics on a daily to hourly scale. The framework integrates two models: (1) a water balance model (WBM) for the vertical fluxes...
Hydrogeologic structure underlying a recharge pond delineated with shear-wave seismic reflection and cone penetrometer data
S.S. Haines, Adam Pidlisecky, R. Knight
2009, Near Surface Geophysics (7) 329-339
With the goal of improving the understanding of the subsurface structure beneath the Harkins Slough recharge pond in Pajaro Valley, California, USA, we have undertaken a multimodal approach to develop a robust velocity model to yield an accurate seismic reflection section. Our shear-wave reflection section helps us identify and map...
Anatomy of the dead sea transform from lithospheric to microscopic scale
M. Weber, K. Abu-Ayyash, A. Abueladas, A. Agnon, Z. Alasonati-Tasarova, H. Al-Zubi, A. Babeyko, Y. Bartov, K. Bauer, M. Becken, P. A. Bedrosian, Z. Ben-Avraham, G. Bock, M. Bohnhoff, J. Bribach, P. Dulski, J. Ebbing, R. El-Kelani, A. Forster, H.-J. Forster, U. Frieslander, Z. Garfunkel, H.J. Goetze, V. Haak, C. Haberland, M. Hassouneh, S. Helwig, A. Hofstetter, A. Hoffmann-Rotrie, K.H. Jackel, C. Janssen, D. Jaser, D. Kesten, M. Khatib, R. Kind, O. Koch, I. Koulakov, Gabi Laske, N. Maercklin, R. Masarweh, A. Masri, A. Matar, J. Mechie, N. Meqbel, B. Plessen, P. Moller, A. Mohsen, R. Oberhansli, S. Oreshin, A. Petrunin, I. Qabbani, I. Rabba, O. Ritter, R.L. Romer, G. Rumpker, M. Rybakov, T. Ryberg, J. Saul, F. Scherbaum, S. Schmidt, A. Schulze, S.V. Sobolev, M. Stiller, D. Stromeyer, K. Tarawneh, C. Trela, U. Weckmann, U. Wetzel, K. Wylegalla
2009, Reviews of Geophysics (47)
Fault zones are the locations where motion of tectonic plates, often associated with earthquakes, is accommodated. Despite a rapid increase in the understanding of faults in the last decades, our knowledge of their geometry, petrophysical properties, and controlling processes remains incomplete. The central questions addressed here in our study of...
International importance of the eastern Chukchi Sea as a staging area for migrating king eiders
S. Oppel, D. Lynne. Dickson, A.N. Powell
2009, Polar Biology (32) 775-783
The evaluation of habitats used by arctic birds on migration is crucial for their conservation. We explored the importance of the eastern Chukchi Sea (ECS) as a staging area for king eiders (Somateria spectabilis) migrating between breeding areas in Siberia and western North America and wintering areas in the Bering...
Estimation of sediment sources using selected chemical tracers in the Perry lake basin, Kansas, USA
K. E. Juracek, A.C. Ziegler
2009, International Journal of Sediment Research (24) 108-125
The ability to achieve meaningful decreases in sediment loads to reservoirs requires a determination of the relative importance of sediment sources within the contributing basins. In an investigation of sources of fine-grained sediment (clay and silt) within the Perry Lake Basin in northeast Kansas, representative samples of channel-bank sources, surface-soil...
Integrated sequence stratigraphy of the postimpact sediments from the Eyreville core holes, Chesapeake Bay impact structure inner basin
James V. Browning, K.G. Miller, P.P. McLaughlin Jr., Lucy E. Edwards, A.A. Kulpecz, David S. Powars, B.S. Wade, M.D. Feigenson, J.D. Wright
2009, Special Paper of the Geological Society of America 775-810
The Eyreville core holes provide the first continuously cored record of postimpact sequences from within the deepest part of the central Chesapeake Bay impact crater. We analyzed the upper Eocene to Pliocene postimpact sediments from the...
Depletion of isoeugenol residues from the fillet tissue of AQUI-S™ exposed rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
Jeffery R. Meinertz, Theresa M. Schreier
2009, Aquaculture (296) 200-206
There is a critical need in U.S. public aquaculture and fishery management for an approved sedative that allows for the immediate release of fish after sedation. AQUI-STM is a fish anesthetic/sedative approved for use in several countries and until recently was being developed in the U.S. as a sedative for immediate...
Frequency-domain Green's functions for radar waves in heterogeneous 2.5D media
K.J. Ellefsen, D. Croize, A.T. Mazzella, J.R. McKenna
2009, Geophysics (74)
Green's functions for radar waves propagating in heterogeneous 2.5D media might be calculated in the frequency domain using a hybrid method. The model is defined in the Cartesian coordinate system, and its electromagnetic properties might vary in the x- and z-directions, but not in the y-direction. Wave propagation in the...
An ecological risk assessment of the acute and chronic toxicity of the herbicide picloram to the threatened bull trout (salvelinus confluentus) and the rainbow trout (onchorhyncus mykiss)
J.F. Fairchild, K.P. Feltz, L.C. Sappington, A.L. Allert, K.J. Nelson, J. Valle
2009, Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology (56) 761-769
We conducted acute and chronic toxicity studies of the effects of picloram acid on the threatened bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus) and the standard coldwater surrogate rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Juvenile fish were chronically exposed for 30 days in a proportional flow-through diluter to measured concentrations of 0,...
Behavioural thermoregulation by subyearling fall (autumn) Chinook salmon oncorhynchus tshawytscha in a reservoir
K.F. Tiffan, T.J. Kock, W.P. Connor, R.K. Steinhorst, D.W. Rondorf
2009, Journal of Fish Biology (74) 1562-1579
This study investigated behavioural thermoregulation by subyearling fall (autumn) Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha in a reservoir on the Snake River, Washington, U.S.A. During the summer, temperatures in the reservoir varied from 23?? C on the surface to 11?? C at 14 m depth. Subyearlings implanted with temperature-sensing radio transmitters were...
Suckers in headwater tributaries, Wyoming
D.E. Sweet, R.I. Compton, W.A. Hubert
2009, Western North American Naturalist (69) 35-41
Bluehead sucker (Catostomus discobolus) and flannelmouth sucker (Catostomus latipinnis) populations are declining throughout these species' native ranges in the Upper Colorado River Basin. In order to conserve these populations, an understanding of population dynamics is needed. Using age estimates from pectoral fin rays, we describe age and growth of these...
Salt marsh-mangrove interactions in Australasia and the Americas
Neil Saintilan, Kerrylee Rogers, Karen McKee
Gerardio M. E. Perillo, Eric Wolanski, Donald R. Cahoon, Mark M. Brinson, editor(s)
2009, Book chapter
No abstract available....
Aroclor 1248 exposure leads to immunomodulation, decreased disease resistance and endocrine disruption in the brown bullhead, Ameiurus nebulosus
L. R. Iwanowicz, V. S. Blazer, S. D. McCormick, P.A. Van Veld, C. A. Ottinger
2009, Aquatic Toxicology (93) 70-82
The brown bullhead Ameiurus nebulosus is a species of the family Ictaluridae commonly used as a sentinel of environmental contamination. While these fish have been utilized for this purpose in areas contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), few controlled, laboratory-based studies have been designed to document the effects of PCB mixtures...
