Selenium and trace element mobility affected by periodic displacement of stratification in the Great Salt Lake, Utah
K. Beisner, D. L. Naftz, W.P. Johnson, X. Diaz
2009, Science of the Total Environment (407) 5263-5273
The Great Salt Lake (GSL) is a unique ecosystem in which trace element activity cannot be characterized by standard geochemical parameters due to the high salinity. Movement of selenium and other trace elements present in the lake bed sediments of GSL may occur due to periodic stratification displacement events or...
The B7 family of immunoregulatory receptors: A comparative and evolutionary perspective
J.D. Hansen, L.D. Pasquier, M.-P. Lefranc, V. Lopez, A. Benmansour, P. Boudinot
2009, Molecular Immunology (46) 457-472
In mammals, T cell activation requires specific recognition of the peptide-MHC complex by the TcR and co-stimulatory signals. Important co-stimulatory receptors expressed by T cells are the molecules of the CD28 family, that regulate T cell activation, proliferation and tolerance. These receptors recognize B7s and B7-homologous (B7H) molecules that are...
A mass balance mercury budget for a mine-dominated lake: Clear Lake, California
T.H. Suchanek, J. Cooke, K. Keller, S. Jorgensen, P.J. Richerson, Collin A. Eagles-Smith, E.J. Harner, D.P. Adam
2009, Water, Air, & Soil Pollution (196) 51-73
The Sulphur Bank Mercury Mine (SBMM), active intermittently from 1873–1957 and now a USEPA Superfund site, was previously estimated to have contributed at least 100 metric tons (105 kg) of mercury (Hg) into the Clear Lake aquatic ecosystem. We have confirmed this minimum estimate. To better quantify the contribution of the...
Effects of the herbicide diuron on cordgrass (Spartina foliosa) reflectance and photosynthetic parameters
S.L. Williams, A. Carranza, J. Kunzelman, S. Datta, Kathryn Kuivila
2009, Estuaries and Coasts (32) 146-157
Early indicators of salt marsh plant stress are needed to detect stress before it is manifested as changes in biomass and coverage. We explored a variety of leaf-level spectral reflectance and fluorescence variables as indicators of stress in response to the herbicide diuron. Diuron, a Photosystem II inhibitor, is heavily...
Effect of species rarity on the accuracy of species distribution models for reptiles and amphibians in southern California
J. Franklin, K.E. Wejnert, S.A. Hathaway, C.J. Rochester, Robert N. Fisher
2009, Diversity and Distributions (15) 167-177
Aim: Several studies have found that more accurate predictive models of species' occurrences can be developed for rarer species; however, one recent study found the relationship between range size and model performance to be an artefact of sample prevalence, that is, the proportion of presence versus absence observations in the...
Assessment of electrical resistivity method to map groundwater seepage zones in heterogeneous sediments
Michael P. Gagliano, Jonathan E. Nyquist, Laura Toran, Donald O. Rosenberry
2009, Conference Paper, Symposium on the application of geophysics to engineering and environmental problems 2009
Underwater electrical‐resistivity data were collected along the southwest shore of Mirror Lake, NH, as part of a multi‐year assessment of the utility of geophysics for mapping groundwater seepage beneath lakes. We found that resistivity could locate shoreline sections where water is seeping out of the lake. A resistivity line along...
Tetranucleotide microsatellite loci from the black bear (Ursus americanus)
J.S. Sanderlin, B.C. Faircloth, B. Shamblin, M.J. Conroy
2009, Molecular Ecology Resources (9) 288-291
We describe primers and polymerase chain reaction conditions to amplify 21 tetranucleotide microsatellite DNA loci in black bears (Ursus americanus). We tested primers using individuals from two populations, one each in Georgia and Florida. Among individuals from Georgia (n = 29), primer pairs yielded an average of 2.9 alleles (range,...
Essentials of iron, chromium, and calcium isotope analysis of natural materials by thermal ionization mass spectrometry
M.S. Fantle, T.D. Bullen
2009, Chemical Geology (258) 50-64
The use of isotopes to understand the behavior of metals in geological, hydrological, and biological systems has rapidly expanded in recent years. One of the mass spectrometric techniques used to analyze metal isotopes is thermal ionization mass spectrometry, or TIMS. While TIMS has been a useful analytical technique for the...
Analyzing bat migration
Paul M. Cryan, Robert H. Diehl
2009, Book chapter, Ecological and behavioral methods for the study of bats
T HE MIGRATORY MOVEIvl.ENTS OF BATS have proven ex tremely difficult to determine. Despite extensive efforts during the past century to track the movements of bats across landscapes, efficient methods of following small- to medium-size volant animals <240 gl for extended periods (>8 weeks) over long distances (>100 km) have...
Short- and long-term implications of clearcut and two-age silviculture for conservation of breeding forest birds in the central Appalachians, USA
M.E. McDermott, P.B. Wood
2009, Biological Conservation (142) 212-220
Two-age (deferment or leave tree) harvesting is used increasingly in even-aged forest management, but long-term responses of breeding avifauna to retention of residual canopy trees have not been investigated. Breeding bird surveys completed in 1994-1996 in two-age and clearcut harvests in the central Appalachian Mountains of West Virginia, USA allowed...
Removal of organic wastewater contaminants in septic systems using advanced treatment technologies
J.D. Wilcox, J.M. Bahr, C.J. Hedman, J.D.C. Hemming, M.A.E. Barman, K. R. Bradbury
2009, Journal of Environmental Quality (38) 149-156
The detection of pharmaceuticals and other organic wastewater contaminants (OWCs) in ground water and surface-water bodies has raised concerns about the possible ecological impacts of these compounds on nontarget organisms. On-site wastewater treatment systems represent a potentially significant route of entry for organic contaminants to the environment. In this study,...
Characterization of the interferon genes in homozygous rainbow trout reveals two novel genes, alternate splicing and differential regulation of duplicated genes
M. K. Purcell, K.J. Laing, J.C. Woodson, G.H. Thorgaard, J.D. Hansen
2009, Fish and Shellfish Immunology (26) 293-304
The genes encoding the type I and type II interferons (IFNs) have previously been identified in rainbow trout and their proteins partially characterized. These previous studies reported a single type II IFN (rtIFN-??) and three rainbow trout type I IFN genes that are classified into either group I (rtIFN1, rtIFN2)...
Using a coupled groundwater/surfacewater model to predict climate-change impacts to lakes in the Trout Lake watershed, Northern Wisconsin
John F. Walker, Randall J. Hunt, Steven L. Markstrom, Lauren E. Hay, John Doherty
2009, Conference Paper, Planning for an uncertain future - Monitoring, integration, and adaptation (SIR2009-5049)
A major focus of the U.S. Geological Survey’s Trout Lake Water, Energy, and Biogeochemical Budgets (WEBB) project is the development of a watershed model to allow predictions of hydrologic response to future conditions including land-use and climate change. The coupled groundwater/surface-water model GSFLOW was chosen for this purpose because it...
Dust emission at Franklin Lake Playa, Mojave Desert (USA): Response to meteorological and hydrologic changes 2005-2008
Richard L. Reynolds, Rian Bogle, John Vogel, Harland L. Goldstein, James Yount
2009, Natural Resources and Environmental Issues (15)
Playa type, size, and setting; playa hydrology; and surface-sediment characteristics are important controls on the type and amount of atmospheric dust emitted from playas. Soft, evaporite-rich sediment develops on the surfaces of some Mojave Desert (USA) playas (wet playas), where the water table is shallow (< 4 m). These areas...
Update on subsidence at the Wairakei-Tauhara geothermal system, New Zealand
R. Allis, C. Bromley, S. Currie
2009, Geothermics (38) 169-180
The total subsidence at the Wairakei field as a result of 50 years of geothermal fluid extraction is 15 ?? 0.5 m. Subsidence rates in the center of the subsidence bowl have decreased from over 450 mm/year during the 1970s to 80-90 mm/year during 2000-2007. The location of the bowl,...
Acid rock drainage and climate change
D. Kirk Nordstrom
2009, Journal of Geochemical Exploration (100) 97-104
Rainfall events cause both increases and decreases in acid and metals concentrations and their loadings from mine wastes, and unmined mineralized areas, into receiving streams based on data from 3 mines sites in the United States and other sites outside the US. Gradual increases in concentrations occur during long dry...
Variation in strontium isotope ratios of archaeological fauna in the Midwestern United States: a preliminary study
Kristin M. Hedman, B. Brandon Curry, Thomas M. Johnson, Paul D. Fullagar, Thomas E. Emerson
2009, Journal of Archaeological Science (36) 64-73
Strontium isotope values (87Sr/86Sr) in bone and tooth enamel have been used increasingly to identify non-local individuals within prehistoric human populations worldwide. Archaeological research in the Midwestern United States has increasingly highlighted the role of population movement in affecting interregional cultural change. However, the comparatively low level of geologic variation...
Great Lakes prey fish populations: A cross-basin overview of status and trends in 2008
Owen T. Gorman, David B. Bunnell
2009, Conference Paper
Assessments of prey fishes in the Great Lakes have been conducted annually since the 1970s by the Great Lakes Science Center, sometimes assisted by partner agencies. Prey fish assessments differ among lakes in the proportion of a lake covered, seasonal timing, bottom trawl gear used, sampling design, and the manner...
Movements of juvenile common ravens in an arid landscape
W.C. Webb, W.I. Boarman, J.T. Rotenberry
2009, Journal of Wildlife Management (73) 72-81
Movement patterns of juvenile birds are poorly understood, yet critically important ecological phenomena, especially for species with a prolonged juvenile period. We evaluated postfledging movements of juvenile common ravens (Corvus corax) in a western Mojave Desert landscape composed of a mosaic of natural and anthropogenic elements. Generally, ravens do not...
Molecular detection of native and invasive marine invertebrate larvae present in ballast and open water environmental samples collected in Puget Sound
J.B.J. Harvey, M.S. Hoy, R. J. Rodriguez
2009, Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology (369) 93-99
Non-native marine species have been and continue to be introduced into Puget Sound via several vectors including ship's ballast water. Some non-native species become invasive and negatively impact native species or near shore habitats. We present a new methodology for the development and testing of taxon specific PCR primers designed...
Channel responses to varying sediment input: A flume experiment modeled after Redwood Creek, California
Mary Ann Madej, D.G. Sutherland, T.E. Lisle, B. Pryor
2009, Geomorphology (103) 507-519
At the reach scale, a channel adjusts to sediment supply and flow through mutual interactions among channel form, bed particle size, and flow dynamics that govern river bed mobility. Sediment can impair the beneficial uses of a river, but the timescales for studying recovery following high sediment loading in the...
Continuing evolution of the Pacific-Juan de Fuca-North America slab window system-A trench-ridge-transform example from the Pacific Rim
P.A. McCrory, D.S. Wilson, R. G. Stanley
2009, Tectonophysics (464) 30-42
Many subduction margins that rim the Pacific Ocean contain complex records of Cenozoic slab-window volcanism combined with tectonic disruption of the continental margin. The series of slab windows that opened beneath California and Mexico starting about 28.5 Ma resulted from the death of a series of spreading ridge segments and...
Persistence rates and detection probabilities of bird carcasses on beaches of Unalaska Island, Alaska following the wreck of the M/V Selendang Ayu
G. Vernon Byrd, Joel H. Reynolds, Paul L. Flint
2009, Marine Ornithology: Journal of Seabird Research and Conservation (37) 197-204
Mark–recapture techniques were used to estimate persistence rates and detection probabilities of bird carcasses associated with the oil spill following the wreck of the M/V Selendang Ayu at Unalaska Island, Alaska. Only 14.6% of carcasses placed on beaches remained after 24 hours, and all carcasses that remained had been scavenged...
Characterizing and predicting species distributions across environments and scales: Argentine ant occurrences in the eye of the beholder
S.B. Menke, D.A. Holway, Robert N. Fisher, W. Jetz
2009, Global Ecology and Biogeography (18) 50-63
Aim: Species distribution models (SDMs) or, more specifically, ecological niche models (ENMs) are a useful and rapidly proliferating tool in ecology and global change biology. ENMs attempt to capture associations between a species and its environment and are often used to draw biological inferences, to predict potential occurrences in unoccupied...
TreeMAC: Localized TDMA MAC protocol for real-time high-data-rate sensor networks
W.-Z. Song, R. Huang, B. Shirazi, R.L. Husent
2009, Conference Paper, 7th Annual IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications, PerCom 2009
Earlier sensor network MAC protocols focus on energy conservation in low-duty cycle applications, while some recent applications involve real-time high-data-rate signals. This motivates us to design an innovative localized TDMA MAC protocol to achieve high throughput and low congestion in data collection sensor networks, besides energy conservation. TreeMAC divides a...
