Regional nutrient trends in streams and rivers of the United States, 1993-2003
Lori A. Sprague, David L. Lorenz
2009, Environmental Science & Technology (43) 3430-3435
Trends in flow-adjusted concentrations (indicators of anthropogenic changes) and observed concentrations (indicators of natural and anthropogenic changes) of total phosphorus and total nitrogen from 1993 to 2003 were evaluated in the eastern, central, and western United States by adapting the Regional Kendall trend test to account for seasonality and spatial...
Spatial and temporal variation in distribution of larval lake whitefish in eastern Lake Ontario: signs of recovery?
J.E. McKenna Jr., J. H. Johnson
2009, Journal of Great Lakes Research (35) 94-100
The lake whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis) is one of the native Lake Ontario fishes that declined severely over the past century. Recent evidence of larval lake whitefish production in a historic spawning area (Chaumont Bay) might signal a recovery of this species in New York waters. We surveyed coastal and open...
Using stable isotopes to investigate individual diet specialization in California sea otters (Enhydra lutris nereis)
S.D. Newsome, M. T. Tinker, Daniel H. Monson, O.T. Oftedal, K. Ralls, M. M. Staedler, M. L. Fogel, J. A. Estes
2009, Ecology (90) 961-974
Differences in diet composition among conspecifics (dietary specialization) have been documented across a broad range of taxonomic groups and habitats, and such variation at the individual level is increasingly recognized as an important component of diversity in trophic interactions. Accurate identification of individual dietary specialization, however, requires longitudinal dietary records...
Factors influencing densities of non-indigenous species in the ballast water of ships arriving at ports in Puget Sound, Washington, United States
J.R. Cordell, D. J. Lawrence, N.C. Ferm, L.M. Tear, S.S. Smith, R.P. Herwig
2009, Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems (19) 322-343
Oceanographic characteristics and the presence of international shipping in Puget Sound, Washington, USA contribute to its vulnerability to non-indigenous species (NIS) invasions. To evaluate NIS arriving in ballast water, zooplankton was sampled in 380 ballast tanks of ships after they entered Puget Sound. Taxa were classified into a higher risk...
Fire treatment effects on vegetation structure, fuels, and potential fire severity in western U.S. forests
S.L. Stephens, J.J. Moghaddas, C. Edminster, C.E. Fiedler, S. Haase, M. Harrington, Jon E. Keeley, E. E. Knapp, J.D. Mciver, K. Metlen, C.N. Skinner, A. Youngblood
2009, Ecological Applications (19) 305-320
Abstract. Forest structure and species composition in many western U.S. coniferous forests have been altered through fire exclusion, past and ongoing harvesting practices, and livestock grazing over the 20th century. The effects of these activities have been most pronounced in seasonally dry, low and mid-elevation coniferous forests that once experienced...
Geophysical investigation of seamounts near the Ogasawara fracture zone, western Pacific
T.-G. Lee, Kenneth Lee, J.R. Hein, J.-W. Moon
2009, Earth, Planets and Space (61) 319-331
This paper provides an analysis of multi-channel seismic data obtained during 2000-2001 on seamounts near the Ogasawara Fracture Zone (OFZ) northwest of the Marshall Islands in the western Pacific. The OFZ is unique in that it is a wide rift zone that includes many seamounts. Seven units are delineated on...
Provenance and palaeogeographic implications of Eocene-Oligocene sedimentary rocks in the northwestern Basin and Range
A.E. Egger, J.P. Colgan, C. York
2009, International Geology Review (51) 900-919
A thick sequence of uppermost Eocene to lower Oligocene volcaniclastic and sedimentary rocks is exposed at the base of the Warner Range in northeastern California. This isolated exposure provides insight into the palaeogeographic setting of the northwestern Basin and Range during this time period. Significant thinning of the unit over...
Wolf, Canis lupus, visits to white-tailed deer, Odocoileus virginianus, summer ranges: Optimal foraging?
D. J. Demma, L.D. Mech
2009, Canadian Field-Naturalist (123) 299-303
We tested whether Wolf (Canis lupus) visits to individual female White-tailed Deer (Odocoileus virginianus) summer ranges during 2003 and 2004 in northeastern Minnesota were in accord with optimal-foraging theory. Using GPS collars with 10- to 30-minute location attempts on four Wolves and five female deer, plus eleven VHF-collared female deer...
Constraints on deep moonquake focal mechanisms through analyses of tidal stress
R.C. Weber, B.G. Bills, C.L. Johnson
2009, Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets (114)
[1] A relationship between deep moonquake occurrence and tidal forcing is suggested by the monthly periodicities observed in the occurrence times of events recorded by the Apollo Passive Seismic Experiment. In addition, the typically large S wave to P wave arrival amplitude ratios observed on deep moonquake seismograms are indicative...
Integrated sequence stratigraphy of the postimpact sediments from the Eyreville core holes, Chesapeake Bay impact structure inner basin
James V. Browning, K.G. Miller, P.P. McLaughlin Jr., Lucy E. Edwards, A.A. Kulpecz, David S. Powars, B.S. Wade, M.D. Feigenson, J.D. Wright
2009, Special Paper of the Geological Society of America 775-810
The Eyreville core holes provide the first continuously cored record of postimpact sequences from within the deepest part of the central Chesapeake Bay impact crater. We analyzed the upper Eocene to Pliocene postimpact sediments from the...
Age, geochemical composition, and distribution of Oligocene ignimbrites in the northern Sierra Nevada, California: Implications for landscape morphology, elevation, and drainage divide geography of the Nevadaplano
Elizabeth J. Cassel, Andrew T. Calvert, Stephan A. Graham
2009, International Geology Review (51) 723-742
To gain a better understanding of the topographic and landscape evolution of the Cenozoic Sierra Nevada and Basin and Range, we combine geochemical and isotopic age correlations with palaeoaltimetry data from widely distributed ignimbrites in the northern Sierra Nevada, California. A sequence of Oligocene rhyolitic ignimbrites is preserved across the...
Factors affecting the age-C resident fish community along shorelines of the Hanford Reach of the Columbia River
D.M. Gadomski, P.G. Wagner
2009, Northwest Science (83) 180-188
The Hanford Reach is one of the few remaining unimpounded sections of the Columbia River. However, because of flow management at upstream dams, there are often large fluctuations in water level. To determine how environmental conditions might affect age-0 resident fishes in the Hanford Reach, we evaluated species composition, distribution,...
Introduced avian diseases, climate change, and the future of Hawaiian honeycreepers
C. T. Atkinson, D.A. Lapointe
2009, Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery (23) 53-63
[No abstract available]...
Scientific communications: Re-Os sulfide (bornite, chalcopyrite, and pyrite) systematics of the carbonate-hosted copper deposits at ruby creek, southern brooks range, Alaska
D. Selby, K.D. Kelley, M.W. Hitzman, J. Zieg
2009, Economic Geology (104) 437-444
New Re-Os data for chalcopyrite, bornite, and pyrite from the carbonate-hosted Cu deposit at Ruby Creek (Bornite), Alaska, show extremely high Re abundances (hundreds of ppb, low ppm) and contain essentially no common Os. The Re-Os data provide the first absolute ages of ore formation for the carbonate-hosted Ruby Creek...
Reducing streamflow forecast uncertainty: Application and qualitative assessment of the upper klamath river Basin, Oregon
L.E. Hay, G.J. McCabe, M.P. Clark, J. C. Risley
2009, Journal of the American Water Resources Association (45) 580-596
The accuracy of streamflow forecasts depends on the uncertainty associated with future weather and the accuracy of the hydrologic model that is used to produce the forecasts. We present a method for streamflow forecasting where hydrologic model parameters are selected based on the climate state. Parameter sets for a hydrologic...
Climatic effects of 30 years of landscape change over the Greater Phoenix, Arizona, region: 1. Surface energy budget changes
M. Georgescu, G. Miguez-Macho, L. T. Steyaert, C.P. Weaver
2009, Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres (114)
This paper is part 1 of a two-part study that evaluates the climatic effects of recent landscape change for one of the nation's most rapidly expanding metropolitan complexes, the Greater Phoenix, Arizona, region. The region's landscape evolution over an approximate 30-year period since the early 1970s is documented on the...
Sex, season, and time of day interact to affect body temperatures of the Giant Gartersnake
G.D. Wylie, Michael L. Casazza, B.J. Halstead, C.J. Gregory
2009, Journal of Thermal Biology (34) 183-189
1.We examined multiple hypotheses regarding differences in body temperatures of the Giant Gartersnake using temperature-sensitive radio telemetry and an information-theoretic analytical approach.2.Giant Gartersnakes selected body temperatures near 30 ??C, and males and females had similar body temperatures most of the year, except during the midsummer gestation period.3.Seasonal differences in the...
Symbiotic regulation of plant growth, development and reproduction
R. J. Rodriguez, D. Carl Freeman, E.D. McArthur, Y.-O. Kim, R. S. Redman
2009, Communitative and Integrative Biology (2) 141-143
The growth and development of rice (Oryzae sativa) seedlings was shown to be regulated epigenetically by a fungal endophyte. In contrast to un-inoculated (nonsymbiotic) plants, endophyte colonized (symbiotic) plants preferentially allocated resources into root growth until root hairs were well established. During that time symbiotic roots expanded at five times...
Summary of current radiometric calibration coefficients for Landsat MSS, TM, ETM+, and EO-1 ALI sensors
G. Chander, B. L. Markham, D. L. Helder
2009, Remote Sensing of Environment (113) 893-903
This paper provides a summary of the current equations and rescaling factors for converting calibrated Digital Numbers (DNs) to absolute units of at-sensor spectral radiance, Top-Of-Atmosphere (TOA) reflectance, and at-sensor brightness temperature. It tabulates the necessary constants for the Multispectral Scanner (MSS), Thematic Mapper (TM), Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+),...
Ultra-deep oxidation and exotic copper formation at the late pliocene boyongan and bayugo porphyry copper-gold deposits, surigao, philippines: Geology, mineralogy, paleoaltimetry, and their implications for Geologic, physiographic, and tectonic controls
D.P. Braxton, D. R. Cooke, A.M. Ignacio, R. O. Rye, P.J. Waters
2009, Economic Geology (104) 333-349
The Boyongan and Bayugo porphyry copper-gold deposits are part of an emerging belt of intrusion-centered gold-rich deposits in the Surigao district of northeast Mindanao, Philippines. Exhumation and weathering of these Late Pliocene-age deposits has led to the development of the world's deepest known porphyry oxidation profile at Boyongan (600 m),...
Ancient photosynthetic eukaryote biofilms in an Atacama Desert coastal cave
A. Azua-Bustos, C. Gonzalez-Silva, R.A. Mancilla, L. Salas, R.E. Palma, J.J. Wynne, C.P. McKay, R. Vicuna
2009, Microbial Ecology (58) 485-496
Caves offer a stable and protected environment from harsh and changing outside prevailing conditions. Hence, they represent an interesting habitat for studying life in extreme environments. Here, we report the presence of a member of the ancient eukaryote red algae Cyanidium group in a coastal cave of the hyperarid Atacama...
Elevated CO2 enhances biological contributions to elevation change in coastal wetlands by offsetting stressors associated with sea-level rise
J. A. Cherry, K.L. McKee, J.B. Grace
2009, Journal of Ecology (97) 67-77
1. Sea-level rise, one indirect consequence of increasing atmospheric CO2, poses a major challenge to long-term stability of coastal wetlands. An important question is whether direct effects of elevated CO 2 on the capacity of marsh plants to accrete organic material and to maintain surface elevations outweigh indirect negative effects...
An adaptive strategy for reducing feral cat predation on endangered Hawaiian birds
S.C. Hess, P.C. Banko, H. Hansen
2009, Pacific Conservation Biology (15) 56-64
Despite the long history of Feral Cats Felis catus in Hawai'i, there has been little research to provide strategies to improve control programmes and reduce depredation on endangered species. Our objective Was to develop a predictive model to determine how landscape features on Mauna Kea, such as habitat, elevation, and...
Uptake rate constants and partition coefficients for vapor phase organic chemicals using semipermeable membrane devices (SPMDs)
W.L. Cranor, D.A. Alvarez, J.N. Huckins, J. D. Petty
2009, Atmospheric Environment (43) 3211-3219
To fully utilize semipermeable membrane devices (SPMDs) as passive samplers in air monitoring, data are required to accurately estimate airborne concentrations of environmental contaminants. Limited uptake rate constants (kua) and no SPMD air partitioning coefficient (Ksa) existed for vapor-phase contaminants. This research was conducted to expand the existing body of...
Coal-to-liquids: Potential impact on U.S. coal reserves
R. C. Milici
2009, Natural Resources Research (18) 85-94
The production of liquid fuels from coal will very likely become an important part of the hydrocarbon energy mix of the future, provided that technical and environmental obstacles are overcome economically. The coal industry should be able to handle a coal-to-liquids (CTL) industry of modest size, using 60-70 million short...
