Hydrograph separation for karst watersheds using a two-domain rainfall-discharge model
Andrew J. Long
2009, Journal of Hydrology (364) 249-256
Highly parameterized, physically based models may be no more effective at simulating the relations between rainfall and outflow from karst watersheds than are simpler models. Here an antecedent rainfall and convolution model was used to separate a karst watershed hydrograph into two outflow components: one originating from focused recharge in...
The July-August 2008 hydrovolcanic eruption of Okmok Volcano, Umnak Island, Alaska
Christina A. Neal, Jessica F. Larsen, Janet Schaefer
2009, Alaska Geological Society Newsletter (39) 1-3
No abstract available...
Fishing mortality in North Carolina's southern flounder fishery: direct estimates of instantaneous fishing mortality from a tag return experiment
William E. Smith, Frederick S. Scharf, Joseph E. Hightower
2009, Marine and Coastal Fisheries: Dynamics, Management, and Ecosystem Science (1) 283-299
Estimation of harvest rates is often a critical component of fishery stock assessment and management. These assessments are often based on catch-at-age data sets generated over many years, but estimates of instantaneous fishing mortality (F) can also be obtained from a shorter-term tag return study. We conducted a 2-year tag...
Grassland bird associations with introduced and native grass Conservation Reserve Program fields in the Southern High Plains
Thomas R. Thompson, Clint W. Boal, Duane Lucia
2009, Western North American Naturalist (69) 481-490
We examined relative abundances of grassland birds among Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) fields seeded with 2 monocultures of introduced grass species and 2 mixes of native grasses in the Southern High Plains of Texas. We assessed bird compositions among these 4 cover types and between the cover types pooled into...
Littoral transport rates in the Santa Barbara Littoral Cell: a process-based model analysis
E. P. L. Elias, Patrick L. Barnard, John Brocatus
2009, Journal of Coastal Research 947-951
Identification of the sediment transport patterns and pathways is essential for sustainable coastal zone management of the heavily modified coastline of Santa Barbara and Ventura County (California, USA). A process-based model application, based on Delft3D Online Morphology, is used to investigate the littoral transport potential along the Santa Barbara Littoral...
Linking human impacts within an estuary to ebb-tidal delta evolution
Kate L. Dallas, Patrick L. Barnard
2009, Journal of Coastal Research 713-716
San Francisco Bay, California, USA is among the most anthropogenically altered estuaries in the entire United States, but the impact on sediment transport to the coastal ocean has not been quantified. Analysis of four historic bathymetric surveys has revealed large changes to the morphology of the San Francisco Bar, an...
18. Arctostaphylos Adanson, Fam. Pl. 2: 165. 1763.
V. Thomas Parker, Michael C. Vasey, Jon E. Keeley
2009, Book chapter, Flora of North America
Arctostaphylos is richly diverse and taxonomically challenging. Unequivocal fossils appear as far back as the middle Miocene. Many pulses of diversification and decimation may have taken place in the genus since then; evidence suggests that there has been a rapid radiation in the last 1.5 million years. Some morphological features are...
Lysimetric evaluation of simplified surface energy balance approach in the Texas high plains
P.H. Gowda, G.B. Senay, T.A. Howell, T.H. Marek
2009, Applied Engineering in Agriculture (25) 665-669
Numerous energy balance (EB) algorithms have been developed to make use of remote sensing data to estimate evapotranspiration (ET) regionally. However, most EB models are complex to use and efforts are being made to simplify procedures mainly through the scaling of reference ET. The Simplified Surface Energy Balance (SSEB) is...
Controls on groundwater flow in the Bengal Basin of India and Bangladesh: Regional modeling analysis
H.A. Michael, C.I. Voss
2009, Hydrogeology Journal (17) 1561-1577
Groundwater for domestic and irrigation purposes is produced primarily from shallow parts of the Bengal Basin aquifer system (India and Bangladesh), which contains high concentrations of dissolved arsenic (exceeding worldwide drinking water standards), though deeper groundwater is generally low in arsenic. An essential first step for determining sustainable management of...
Land waters and sea level
D.P. Lettenmaier, P. C. D. Milly
2009, Nature Geoscience (2) 452-454
[No abstract available]...
Simulating the recovery of suspended sediment transport and river-bed stability in response to dam removal on the Elwha River, Washington
C.P. Konrad
2009, Ecological Engineering (35) 1104-1115
U.S. Department of the Interior is planning to remove two high dams (30 and 60 m) from the Elwha River, which will allow the river to erode sediment deposits in the reservoirs, and ultimately restore the river ecosystem. Fluvial sediment transport and deposition paradoxically represent ecological disturbance and restoration. A...
Impact of land use and land cover change on the water balance of a large agricultural watershed: Historical effects and future directions
Keith E. Schilling, Manoj K. Jha, You-Kuan Zhang, Philip W. Gassman, Calvin F. Wolter
2009, Water Resources Research (45)
Over the last century, land use and land cover (LULC) in the United States Corn Belt region shifted from mixed perennial and annual cropping systems to primarily annual crops. Historical LULC change impacted the annual water balance in many Midwestern basins by decreasing annual evapotranspiration (ET) and increasing streamflow and...
The relative importance of disturbance and exotic-plant abundance in California coastal sage scrub
G.M. Fleming, J.E. Diffendorfer, P.H. Zedler
2009, Ecological Applications (19) 2210-2227
Many ecosystems of conservation concern require some level of disturbance to sustain their species composition and ecological function. However, inappropriate disturbance regimes could favor invasion or expansion of exotic species. In southern California coastal sage scrub (CSS) fire is a natural disturbance, but because of human influence, frequencies may now...
Martian mud volcanism: Terrestrial analogs and implications for formational scenarios
James A. Skinner, A. Mazzini
2009, Marine and Petroleum Geology (26) 1866-1878
The geology of Mars and the stratigraphic characteristics of its uppermost crust (mega-regolith) suggest that some of the pervasively-occurring pitted cones, mounds, and flows may have formed through processes akin to terrestrial mud volcanism. A comparison of terrestrial mud volcanism suggests that equivalent Martian processes likely required discrete sedimentary depocenters,...
Contemporaneous deposition of phyllosilicates and sulfates: Using Australian acidic saline lake deposits to describe geochemical variability on Mars
A.M. Baldridge, S.J. Hook, J.K. Crowley, G.M. Marion, J.S. Kargel, J.L. Michalski, B.J. Thomson, Filho C.R. de Souza, N.T. Bridges, A.J. Brown
2009, Geophysical Research Letters (36)
Studies of the origin of the Martian sulfate and phyllosilicate deposits have led to the hypothesis that there was a marked, global-scale change in the Mars environment from circum-neutral pH aqueous alteration in the Noachian to an acidic evaporitic system in the late Noachian to Hesperian. However, terrestrial studies suggest...
Spatial distribution and frequency of precipitation during an extreme event: July 2006 mesoscale convective complexes and floods in southeastern Arizona
Peter G. Griffiths, Christopher S. Magirl, Robert H. Webb, Erik Pytlak, Peter A. Troch, Steve W. Lyon
2009, Water Resources Research (45)
An extreme, multiday rainfall event over southeastern Arizona during 27–31 July 2006 caused record flooding and a historically unprecedented number of slope failures and debris flows in the Santa Catalina Mountains north of Tucson. An unusual synoptic weather pattern induced repeated nocturnal mesoscale convective systems over southeastern Arizona for five...
Age-distribution estimation for karst groundwater: Issues of parameterization and complexity in inverse modeling by convolution
Andrew J. Long, L.D. Putnam
2009, Journal of Hydrology (376) 579-588
Convolution modeling is useful for investigating the temporal distribution of groundwater age based on environmental tracers. The framework of a quasi-transient convolution model that is applicable to two-domain flow in karst aquifers is presented. The model was designed to provide an acceptable level of statistical confidence in parameter estimates when...
Dynamics of national forests assessed using the Landsat record: Case studies in eastern United States
C. Huang, S.N. Goward, K. Schleeweis, N. Thomas, J. G. Masek, Z. Zhu
2009, Remote Sensing of Environment (113) 1430-1442
The national forests (NFs) in the United States are protected areas managed for multiple purposes, and therefore are subject to both natural and anthropogenic disturbances. Monitoring forest changes arising from such disturbances and the post-disturbance recovery processes is essential for assessing the conditions of the NFs and the effectiveness...
San Andreas fault geometry at Desert Hot Springs, California, and its effects on earthquake hazards and groundwater
R. D. Catchings, M. J. Rymer, M. R. Goldman, G. Gandhok
2009, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (99) 2190-2207
The Mission Creek and Banning faults are two of the principal strands of the San Andreas fault zone in the northern Coachella Valley of southern California. Structural characteristics of the faults affect both regional earthquake hazards and local groundwater resources. We use seismic, gravity, and geological data to characterize the...
Structured decision making as a conceptual framework to identify thresholds for conservation and management
J. Martin, M.C. Runge, J.D. Nichols, B. C. Lubow, W. L. Kendall
2009, Ecological Applications (19) 1079-1090
Thresholds and their relevance to conservation have become a major topic of discussion in the ecological literature. Unfortunately, in many cases the lack of a clear conceptual framework for thinking about thresholds may have led to confusion in attempts to apply the concept of thresholds to conservation decisions. Here, we...
THEMIS high-resolution digital terrain: Topographic and thermophysical mapping of Gusev Crater, Mars
G.E. Cushing, T.N. Titus, L.A. Soderblom, R. L. Kirk
2009, Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets (114)
We discuss a new technique to generate high-resolution digital terrain models (DTMs) and to quantitatively derive and map slope-corrected thermophysical properties such as albedo, thermal inertia, and surface temperatures. This investigation is a continuation of work started by Kirk et al. (2005), who empirically deconvolved Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS)...
Evidence for an Alleghanian (Early Carboniferous to Late Permian) tectonothermal event in the New Jersey Coastal Plain basement from 40Ar/39Ar biotite data, geochemistry and gravity modeling
T.J. Maguire, R.A. Volkert, C. C. Swisher III, R. E. Sheridan
2009, Journal of Geodynamics (48) 23-36
40Ar/39Ar dating of biotite from felsic orthogneiss recovered from the -3890-foot level of the Island Beach State Park (IBSP) well beneath the outer New Jersey Coastal Plain was accomplished using CO2 laser incremental-heating techniques. Over 75% of the Ar released from the incremental-heating experiment form a well-behaved plateau with a...
Uplift and magma intrusion at Long Valley caldera from InSAR and gravity measurements
Pietro Tizzani, Maurizio Battaglia, Giovanni Zeni, Simone Atzori, Paolo Berardino, Riccardo Lanari
2009, Geology (37) 63-66
The Long Valley caldera (California) formed ~760,000 yr ago following the massive eruption of the Bishop Tuff. Postcaldera volcanism in the Long Valley volcanic field includes lava domes as young as 650 yr. The recent geological unrest is characterized by uplift of the resurgent dome in the central section of...
Seasonal habitat selection by lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) in a small Canadian shield lake: Constraints imposed by winter conditions
P.J. Blanchfield, L.S. Tate, J.M. Plumb, M.-L. Acolas, K.G. Beaty
2009, Aquatic Ecology (43) 777-787
The need for cold, well-oxygenated waters significantly reduces the habitat available for lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) during stratification of small temperate lakes. We examined the spatial and pelagic distribution of lake trout over two consecutive summers and winters and tested whether winter increased habitat availability and access to littoral regions...
Further development of raccoon poxvirus-vectored vaccines against plague (Yersinia pestis)
Tonie E. Rocke, Keith P. Iams, S. Dawe, Susan Smith, Judy L. Williamson, Dennis M. Heisey, Jorge E. Osorio
2009, Vaccine (28) 338-344
In previous studies, we demonstrated protection against plague in mice and prairie dogs using a raccoon pox (RCN) virus-vectored vaccine that expressed the F1 capsular antigen of Yersinia pestis. In order to improve vaccine efficacy, we have now constructed additional RCN-plague vaccines containing two different forms of the lcrV (V)...
