Ultraviolet-ozone treatment reduces levels of disease-associated prion protein and prion infectivity
C.J. Johnson, P. Gilbert, D. McKenzie, J.A. Pedersen, Judd M. Aiken
2009, BMC Research Notes (2)
Background. Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs) are a group of fatal neurodegenerative diseases caused by novel infectious agents referred to as prions. Prions appear to be composed primarily, if not exclusively, of a misfolded isoform of the cellular prion protein. TSE infectivity is remarkably stable and can resist many aggressive decontamination...
A prototype feature system for feature retrieval using relationships
J. Choi, E.L. Usery
2009, Cartography and Geographic Information Science (36) 331-345
Using a feature data model, geographic phenomena can be represented effectively by integrating space, theme, and time. This paper extends and implements a feature data model that supports query and visualization of geographic features using their non-spatial and temporal relationships. A prototype feature-oriented geographic information system (FOGIS) is then developed...
Association of anatase (TiO2) and microbes: Unusual fossilization effect or a potential biosignature?
M. Glamoclija, A. Steele, M. Fries, J. Schieber, M.A. Voytek, C.S. Cockell
2009, Special Paper of the Geological Society of America 965-975
We combined microbial paleontology and molecular biology methods to study the Eyreville B drill core from the 35.3-Ma-old Chesapeake Bay impact structure, Virginia, USA. The investigated sample is a pyrite vein collected from the 1353.81- 1353.89 m depth interval, located within a section of biotite granite. The granite is a...
Recolonization of gravel habitats on Georges Bank (northwest Atlantic)
Jeremy S. Collie, Jerome M. Hermsen, Page C. Valentine
2009, Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography (56) 1847-1855
Gravel habitats on continental shelves around the world support productive fisheries but are also vulnerable to disturbance from bottom fishing. We conducted a 2-year in situ experiment to measure the rate of colonization of a gravel habitat on northern Georges Bank in an area closed to fishing (Closed Area II)...
Volcano-tectonic implications of 3-D velocity structures derived from joint active and passive source tomography of the island of Hawaii
J. Park, J.K. Morgan, C.A. Zelt, P. G. Okubo
2009, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (114)
We present a velocity model of the onshore and offshore regions around the southern part of the island of Hawaii, including southern Mauna Kea, southeastern Hualalai, and the active volcanoes of Mauna Loa, and Kilauea, and Loihi seamount. The velocity model was inverted from about 200,000 first-arrival traveltime picks of...
Spatial and temporal patterns of chronic wasting disease: Fine-scale mapping of a wildlife epidemic in Wisconsin
E.E. Osnas, D.M. Heisey, R.E. Rolley, M.D. Samuel
2009, Ecological Applications (19) 1311-1322
Emerging infectious diseases threaten wildlife populations and human health. Understanding the spatial distributions of these new diseases is important for disease management and policy makers; however, the data are complicated by heterogeneities across host classes, sampling variance, sampling biases, and the space-time epidemic process. Ignoring these issues can lead to...
Fate of sulfamethoxazole, 4-nonylphenol, and 17β-estradiol in groundwater contaminated by wastewater treatment plant effluent
Larry B. Barber, Steffanie H. Keefe, Denis R. LeBlanc, Paul M. Bradley, Francis H. Chapelle, Michael T. Meyer, Keith A. Loftin, Dana W. Koplin, Fernando Rubio
2009, Environmental Science & Technology (43) 4843-4850
Organic wastewater contaminants (OWCs) were measured in samples collected from monitoring wells located along a 4.5-km transect of a plume of groundwater contaminated by 60 years of continuous rapid infiltration disposal of wastewater treatment plant effluent. Fifteen percent of the 212 OWCs analyzed were detected, including the antibiotic sulfamethoxazole (SX),...
Geometry of the Nojima fault at Nojima-Hirabayashi, Japan - I. A simple damage structure inferred from borehole core permeability
David A. Lockner, Hidemi Tanaka, Hisao Ito, Ryuji Ikeda, Kentaro Omura, Hisanobu Naka
2009, Pure and Applied Geophysics (166) 1649-1667
The 1995 Kobe (Hyogo-ken Nanbu) earthquake, M = 7.2, ruptured the Nojima fault in southwest Japan. We have studied core samples taken from two scientific drillholes that crossed the fault zone SW of the epicentral region on Awaji Island. The shallower hole, drilled by the Geological Survey of Japan (GSJ), was started...
A multifaceted approach to particle analysis
H.A. Lowers
2009, Microscopy and Microanalysis (15) 510-511
[No abstract available]...
Response of Sandhill Crane (Grus canadensis) riverine roosting habitat to changes in stage and sandbar morphology
P.J. Kinzel, J. M. Nelson, A.K. Heckman
2009, River Research and Applications (25) 135-152
Over the past century, flow regulation and vegetation encroachment have reduced active channel widths along the central Platte River, Nebraska. During the last two decades, an annual program of in-channel vegetation management has been implemented to stabilize or expand active channel widths. Vegetation management practices are intended to enhance riverine...
Remote monitoring of tamarisk defoliation and evapotranspiration following saltcedar leaf beetle attack
P.E. Dennison, P.L. Nagler, K. R. Hultine, E. P. Glenn, J.R. Ehleringer
2009, Remote Sensing of Environment (113) 1462-1472
Tamarisk (Tamarix spp.) has invaded riparian ecosystems throughout the Western United States, including significant portions of riparian ecosystems within U.S. National Parks and Monuments. Recently, the saltcedar leaf beetle (Diorhabda elongata) was released as a tamarisk biocontrol agent. Although initial releases have been monitored, no comprehensive program is currently in...
Regional variations in water quality and relationships to soil and bedrock weathering in the southern Sacramento Valley, California, USA
R. B. Wanty, M. B. Goldhaber, J.M. Morrison, L. Lee
2009, Applied Geochemistry (24) 1512-1523
Regional patterns in ground- and surface-water chemistry of the southern Sacramento Valley in California were evaluated using publicly available geochemical data from the US Geological Survey's National Water Information System (NWIS). Within the boundaries of the study area, more than 2300 ground-water analyses and more than 20,000 surface-water analyses were...
Modeling the effects of environmental disturbance on wildlife communities: Avian responses to prescribed fire
R.E. Russell, J. Andrew Royle, V.A. Saab, J.F. Lehmkuhl, W.M. Block, J.R. Sauer
2009, Ecological Applications (19) 1253-1263
Prescribed fire is a management tool used to reduce fuel loads on public lands in forested areas in the western United States. Identifying the impacts of prescribed fire on bird communities in ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) forests is necessary for providing land management agencies with information regarding the effects of...
Effects of urbanization on stream water quality in the city of Atlanta, Georgia, USA
N.E. Peters
2009, Hydrological Processes (23) 2860-2878
A long-term stream water quality monitoring network was established in the city of Atlanta, Georgia during 2003 to assess baseline water quality conditions and the effects of urbanization on stream water quality. Routine hydrologically based manual stream sampling, including several concurrent manual point and equal width increment sampling, was conducted...
Male Kirtland's Warblers' patch-level response to landscape structure during periods of varying population size and habitat amounts
D.M. Donner, C. A. Ribic, J.R. Probst
2009, Forest Ecology and Management (258) 1093-1101
Forest planners must evaluate how spatiotemporal changes in habitat amount and configuration across the landscape as a result of timber management will affect species' persistence. However, there are few long-term programs available for evaluation. We investigated the response of male Kirtland's Warbler (Dendroica kirtlandii) to 26 years of changing patch...
Geomechanical response of permafrost-associated hydrate deposits to depressurization-induced gas production
J. Rutqvist, G. J. Moridis, T. Grover, T. Collett
2009, Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering (67) 1-12
In this simulation study, we analyzed the geomechanical response during depressurization production from two known hydrate-bearing permafrost deposits: the Mallik (Northwest Territories, Canada) deposit and Mount Elbert (Alaska, USA) deposit. Gas was produced from these deposits at constant pressure using horizontal wells placed at the top of a hydrate layer...
A regional soil and sediment geochemical study in northern California
M. B. Goldhaber, J.M. Morrison, J.M. Holloway, R. B. Wanty, D.R. Helsel, D. B. Smith
2009, Applied Geochemistry (24) 1482-1499
Regional-scale variations in soil geochemistry were investigated in a 20,000-km2 study area in northern California that includes the western slope of the Sierra Nevada, the southern Sacramento Valley and the northern Coast Ranges. Over 1300 archival soil samples collected from the late 1970s to 1980 in El Dorado, Placer, Sutter,...
Weathering of the New Albany Shale, Kentucky, USA: I. Weathering zones defined by mineralogy and major-element composition
M.L.W. Tuttle, G. N. Breit
2009, Applied Geochemistry (24) 1549-1564
Comprehensive understanding of chemical and mineralogical changes induced by weathering is valuable information when considering the supply of nutrients and toxic elements from rocks. Here minerals that release and fix major elements during progressive weathering of a bed of Devonian New Albany Shale in eastern Kentucky are documented. Samples were...
Offshore double-planed shallow seismic zone in the NE Japan forearc region revealed by sP depth phases recorded by regional networks
S.S.N. Gamage, N. Umino, A. Hasegawa, S. H. Kirby
2009, Geophysical Journal International (178) 195-214
We detected the sP depth phase at small epicentral distances of about 150 km or more in the seismograms of shallow earthquakes in the NE Japan forearc region. The focal depths of 1078 M > 3 earthquakes that occurred from 2000 to 2006 were precisely determined using the time delay...
Meeting reproductive demands in a dynamic upwelling system: Foraging strategies of a pursuit-diving seabird, the marbled murrelet
M.Z. Peery, S. H. Newman, C. D. Storlazzi, S. R. Beissinger
2009, Condor (111) 120-134
Seabirds maintain plasticity in their foraging behavior to cope with energy demands and foraging constraints that vary over the reproductive cycle, but behavioral studies comparing breeding and nonbreeding individuals are rare. Here we characterize how Marbled Murrelets (Brachyramphus marmoratus) adjust their foraging effort in response to changes in reproductive demands...
Assessment of lake sensitivity to acidic deposition in national parks of the Rocky Mountains
L. Nanus, M.W. Williams, K. Campbell, K.A. Tonnessen, T. Blett, D. W. Clow
2009, Ecological Applications (19) 961-973
The sensitivity of high-elevation lakes to acidic deposition was evaluated in five national parks of the Rocky Mountains based on statistical relations between lake acid-neutralizing capacity concentrations and basin characteristics. Acid-neutralizing capacity (ANC) of 151 lakes sampled during synoptic surveys and basin-characteristic information derived from geographic information system (GIS) data...
Comment on "Evaluating interactions between groundwater and vadose zone using the HYDRUS-based flow package for MODFLOW" by Navin Kumar C. Twarakavi, Jirka Šimůnek and Sophia Seo
R.G. Niswonger, David E. Prudic
2009, Vadose Zone Journal (8) 818-819
Twarakavi et al (2008) compared four packages that can be used to estimate recharge for regional-scale groundwater flow simulations using MODFLOW (Harbaugh, 2005). This comment is focused on the comparisons made between two of these packages, namely, UZF1 (Niswonger et al., 2006) and a derivative of HYDRUS referred to herein...
Impacts of stormwater runoff in the Southern California Bight: Relationships among plume constituents
K.M. Reifel, S.C. Johnson, P.M. DiGiacomo, M.J. Mengel, N.P. Nezlin, J.A. Warrick, B.H. Jones
2009, Continental Shelf Research (29) 1821-1835
The effects from two winter rain storms on the coastal ocean of the Southern California Bight were examined as part of the Bight '03 program during February 2004 and February-March 2005. The impacts of stormwater from fecal indicator bacteria, water column toxicity, and nutrients were evaluated for five major river...
Testing road surface treatments to reduce erosion in forest roads in Honduras [Tratamientos de la superficie de rodadura para reducir la erosion en caminos forestales en Honduras]
Samuel Rivera, Jeffrey L. Kershner, Gordon R. Keller
2009, Ciencia e Investigacion Agraria (36) 425-432
Testing road surface treatments to reduce erosion in forest roads in Honduras. Cien. Inv. Agr. 36(3):425-432. Using forest roads produces more erosion and sedimentation than any other forest or agricultural activity. This study evaluated soil losses from a forest road in central Honduras over two consecutive years. We divided a...
Genetic diversity among brazilian isolates of beauveria bassiana: comparisons with non-brazilian isolates and other beauveria species
E.K.K. Fernandes, A.M.L. Moraes, R.S. Pacheco, D.E.N. Rangel, M.P. Miller, V.R.E.P. Bittencourt, D.W. Roberts
2009, Journal of Applied Microbiology (107) 760-774
Aims: The genetic diversity of Beauveria bassiana was investigated by comparing isolates of this species to each other (49 from different geographical regions of Brazil and 4 from USA) and to other Beauveria spp. Methods and Results: The isolates were examined by multilocus enzyme electrophoresis (MLEE), amplified fragment length polymorphism...
