Potential environmental issues of CO2 storage in deep saline aquifers: Geochemical results from the Frio-I Brine Pilot test, Texas, USA
Yousif K. Kharaka, James J. Thordsen, Susan D. Hovorka, H. Seay Nance, David R. Cole, Tommy J. Phelps, Kevin G. Knauss
2009, Applied Geochemistry (24) 1106-1112
Sedimentary basins in general, and deep saline aquifers in particular, are being investigated as possible repositories for large volumes of anthropogenic CO2 that must be sequestered to mitigate global warming and related climate changes. To investigate the potential for the long-term storage of CO2 in such aquifers, 1600 t of...
Predatory senescence in ageing wolves
D.R. MacNulty, D.W. Smith, J.A. Vucetich, L.D. Mech, D.R. Stahler, C. Packer
2009, Ecology Letters (12) 1347-1356
It is well established that ageing handicaps the ability of prey to escape predators, yet surprisingly little is known about how ageing affects the ability of predators to catch prey. Research into long-lived predators has assumed that adults have uniform impacts on prey regardless of age. Here we use longitudinal...
A new numerical method for calculating extrema of received power for polarimetric SAR
Y. Zhang, Jiahua Zhang, Z. Lu, W. Gong
2009, IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters (6) 666-670
A numerical method called cross-step iteration is proposed to calculate the maximal/minimal received power for polarized imagery based on a target's Kennaugh matrix. This method is much more efficient than the systematic method, which searches for the extrema of received power by varying the polarization ellipse angles of receiving and...
SSTL UK-DMC SLIM-6 data quality assessment
G. Chander, S. Saunier, M.J. Choate, P. L. Scaramuzza
2009, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing (47) 2380-2391
Satellite data from the Surrey Satellite Technology Limited (SSTL) United Kingdom (UK) Disaster Monitoring Constellation (DMC) were assessed for geometric and radiometric quality. The UK-DMC Surrey Linear Imager 6 (SLIM-6) sensor has a 32-m spatial resolution and a ground swath width of 640 km. The UK-DMC SLIM-6 design consists of...
Can kittiwakes smell? Experimental evidence in a larid species
S. Leclaire, Herve Mulard, R.H. Wagner, Scott A. Hatch, E. Danchin
2009, Ibis (151) 584-587
Birds have long been thought to have a poor sense of smell, although they have the proper anatomical and neurological structures for detecting olfactory cues (Roper 1999). However, in the past decade several bird species have been shown to use smell in various contexts, such as foraging (Nevitt et al. 1995), navigation (Wallraff...
William "Bill" Back: an incisive geochemist and a great mentor.
M.J. Baedecker, W.W. Wood
2009, Ground Water (47) 314-318
[No abstract available]...
The Mackenzie River magnetic anomaly, Yukon and Northwest Territories, Canada-Evidence for Early Proterozoic magmatic arc crust at the edge of the North American craton
M. Pilkington, R. W. Saltus
2009, Tectonophysics (478) 78-86
We characterize the nature of the source of the high-amplitude, long-wavelength, Mackenzie River magnetic anomaly (MRA), Yukon and Northwest Territories, Canada, based on magnetic field data collected at three different altitudes: 300 m, 3.5 km and 400 km. The MRA is the largest amplitude (13 nT)...
Using drift nets to capture early life stages and monitor spawning of the yangtze river chinese sturgeon (Acipenser sinensis)
Q.W. Wei, B. Kynard, D.G. Yang, X.H. Chen, H. Du, L. Shen, H. Zhang
2009, Conference Paper, Journal of Applied Ichthyology
A sampling system for capturing sturgeon eggs using a D-shaped bottom anchored drift net was used to capture early life stages (ELS) of Chinese sturgeon, Acipenser sinensis, and monitor annual spawning success at Yichang on the Yangtze River, 1996-2004, before and just after the Three Gorges Dam began operation. Captured...
Stratigraphic controls on seawater intrusion and implications for groundwater management, Dominguez Gap area of Los Angeles, California, USA
Tracy Nishikawa, Adam J. Siade, Eric G. Reichard, Daniel J. Ponti, A.G. Canales, T.A. Johnson
2009, Hydrogeology Journal (17) 1699-1725
Groundwater pumping has led to extensive water-level declines and seawater intrusion in coastal Los Angeles, California (USA). A SUTRA-based solute-transport model was developed to test the hydraulic implications of a sequence-stratigraphic model of the Dominguez Gap area and to assess the effects of water-management scenarios. The model is two-dimensional, vertical...
Freshwaters in the public eye: Understanding the role of images and media in aquatic conservation
J.B. Monroe, C. V. Baxter, J. D. Olden, P. L. Angermeier
2009, Fisheries (34) 581-585
[No abstract available]...
Enantiomer fractions of chlordane components in sediment from U.S. Geological Survey sites in lakes and rivers
E.M. Ulrich, W.T. Foreman, P. C. Van Metre, J.T. Wilson, S.A. Rounds
2009, Science of the Total Environment (407) 5884-5893
Spatial, temporal, and sediment-type trends in enantiomer signatures were evaluated for cis- and trans-chlordane (CC, TC) in archived core, suspended, and surficial-sediment samples from six lake, reservoir, and river sites across the United States. The enantiomer fractions (EFs) measured in these samples are in good agreement with those reported for sediment, soil,...
THE subfossil occurrence and paleoecological significance of small mammals at ankilitelo cave, southwestern Madagascar
K.M. Muldoon, D. D. De Blieux, E.L. Simons, P.S. Chatrath
2009, Journal of Mammalogy (90) 1111-1131
Small mammals are rarely reported from subfossil sites in Madagascar despite their importance for paleoenvironmental reconstruction, especially as it relates to recent ecological changes on the island. We describe the uniquely rich subfossil small mammal fauna from Ankilitelo Cave, southwestern Madagascar. The Ankilitelo fauna is dated to the late...
Geometry of the Nojima fault at Nojima-Hirabayashi, Japan - II. Microstructures and their implications for permeability and strength
Diane E. Moore, D.A. Lockner, H. Ito, R. Ikeda, H. Tanaka, K. Omura
2009, Pure and Applied Geophysics (166) 1669-1691
Samples of damage-zone granodiorite and fault core from two drillholes into the active, strike-slip Nojima fault zone display microstructures and alteration features that explain their measured present-day strengths and permeabilities and provide insight on the evolution of these properties in the fault zone. The least deformed...
Scaling effects in direct shear tests
A.D. Orlando, D.M. Hanes, H.H. Shen
2009, Conference Paper, AIP Conference Proceedings
Laboratory experiments of the direct shear test were performed on spherical particles of different materials and diameters. Results of the bulk friction vs. non-dimensional shear displacement are presented as a function of the non-dimensional particle diameter. Simulations of the direct shear test were performed using the Discrete Element Method (DEM)....
Response to critique by lucas et al. (2009) of paper by Fassett (2009) documenting Paleocene dinosaurs in the San Juan Basin
J.E. Fassett
2009, Palaeontologia Electronica (12)
In this issue of Palaeontologia Electronica Lucas, et al. (2009) question the validity f the Fassett (2009) paper that presented evidence for Paleocene dinosaurs in the San Juan Basin of New Mexico and Colorado. Their challenges focus primarily on the lithostratigraphy, palynology, and paleomagnetism of the dinosaur-bearing Ojo Alamo Sandstone,...
Constraints on the depth of generation and emplacement of a magmatic epidote-bearing quartz diorite pluton in the Coast Plutonic Complex, British Columbia
J.M. Chang, C.L. Andronicos
2009, Terra Nova (21) 480-488
Petrology and P–T estimates indicate that a magmatic epidote-bearing quartz diorite pluton from Mt. Gamsby, Coast Plutonic Complex, British Columbia, was sourced at pressures below ∼1.4 GPa and cooled nearly isobarically at ∼0.9 GPa. The P–T path indicates that the magma was within the stability field of magmatic epidote...
Oxygen and hydrogen isotope fractionation in serpentine-water and talc-water systems from 250 to 450 °C, 50 MPa
Peter J. Saccocia, Jeffrey S. Seewald, Wayne C. Shanks III
2009, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (73) 6789-6804
Oxygen and hydrogen isotope fractionation factors in the talc–water and serpentine–water systems have been determined by laboratory experiment from 250 to 450 °C at 50 MPa using the partial exchange technique. Talc was synthesized from brucite + quartz, resulting in nearly 100% exchange during reaction at 350 and 450 °C. For serpentine, D–H exchange was...
Predictive models for fish assemblages in eastern USA streams: implications for assessing biodiversity
Michael R. Meador, Daren M. Carlisle
2009, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (138) 725-740
Management and conservation of aquatic systems require the ability to assess biological conditions and identify changes in biodiversity. Predictive models for fish assemblages were constructed to assess biological condition and changes in biodiversity for streams sampled in the eastern United States as part of the U.S. Geological Survey's National Water...
Using time-dependent models to investigate body condition and growth rate of the giant gartersnake
P.S. Coates, G.D. Wylie, B.J. Halstead, Michael L. Casazza
2009, Journal of Zoology (279) 285-293
Identifying links between phenotypic attributes and fitness is a primary goal of reproductive ecology. Differences in within-year patterns of body condition between sexes of gartersnakes in relation to reproduction and growth are not fully understood. We conducted an 11-year field study of body condition and growth rate of the giant...
Exploration of Victoria crater by the mars rover opportunity
S. W. Squyres, A.H. Knoll, R. E. Arvidson, James W. Ashley, J.F. Bell III, W. M. Calvin, P. R. Christensen, B. C. Clark, B. A. Cohen, P.A. De Souza Jr., L. Edgar, W. H. Farrand, I. Fleischer, Ralf Gellert, M.P. Golombek, J. Grant, J. Grotzinger, A. Hayes, K. E. Herkenhoff, J. R. Johnson, B. Jolliff, G. Klingelhofer, A. Knudson, R. Li, T.J. McCoy, S. M. McLennan, D. W. Ming, D. W. Mittlefehldt, R.V. Morris, J. W. Rice Jr., C. Schroder, R.J. Sullivan, A. Yen, R.A. Yingst
2009, Science (324) 1058-1061
The Mars rover Opportunity has explored Victoria crater, a ???750-meter eroded impact crater formed in sulfate-rich sedimentary rocks. Impact-related stratigraphy is preserved in the crater walls, and meteoritic debris is present near the crater rim. The size of hematite-rich concretions decreases up-section, documenting variation in the intensity of groundwater processes....
Widespread occurrence of intersex in black basses (Micropterus spp.) from U.S. rivers, 1995-2004
J.E. Hinck, V. S. Blazer, C. J. Schmitt, D. M. Papoulias, D. E. Tillitt
2009, Aquatic Toxicology (95) 60-70
Intersex occurrence in freshwater fishes was evaluated for nine river basins in the United States. Testicular oocytes (predominantly male testes containing female germ cells) were the most pervasive form of intersex observed, even though similar numbers of male (n = 1477) and female (n = 1633) fish were examined. Intersex...
Petrology and geochronology of crustal xenoliths from the Bering Strait region: Linking deep and shallow processes in extending continental crust
V.V. Akinin, E. L. Miller, J. L. Wooden
2009, Special Paper of the Geological Society of America 39-68
Petrologic, geochemical, and metamorphic data on gneissic xenoliths derived from the middle and lower crust in the Neogene Bering Sea basalt province, coupled with U-Pb geochronology of their zircons using sensitive high-resolution ion microprobe-reverse geometry (SHRIMP-RG), yield a detailed comparison between the P-T-t and magmatic history of the lower crust...
Thermodynamic model for uplift and deflation episodes (bradyseism) associated with magmatic-hydrothermal activity at the Campi Flegrei (Italy)
Annamaria Lima, Benedetto De Vivo, Fran J. Spera, Robert J. Bodnar, Alfonsa Milia, Concettina Nunziata, Harvey E. Belkin, Claudia Cannatelli
2009, Earth-Science Reviews (97) 44-58
Campi Flegrei (CF) is a large volcanic complex located west of the city of Naples, Italy. Repeated episodes of bradyseism (slow vertical ground movement) near the town of Pozzuoli have been documented since Roman times. Bradyseismic events are interpreted as the consequence of aqueous fluid exsolution during magma solidification on...
Combined use of frequency‐domain electromagnetic and electrical resistivity surveys to delineate the freshwater/saltwater interface near saline lakes in the Nebraska Sand Hills, Nebraska, USA
John T. Ong, Eric A. White, John W. Lane Jr., Todd Halihan, Vitaly A Zlotnik
Dwain K. Butler, editor(s)
2009, Conference Paper, Proceedings of the Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems 2009
We investigate the use of frequency‐domain electromagnetic (FDEM) and electrical resistivity (ER) surveys for rapid and detailed characterization of the direction of lake‐aquifer fluxes and the configuration of salt plumes generated from saline lakes. This methodology was developed and applied at several lakes in the Nebraska Sand Hills, Nebraska, in...
Coldwater fish in small standing waters
Nigel P. Lester, Paul E. Bailey, Wayne A. Hubert
Scott A. Bonar, Wayne A. Hubert, David W. Willis, editor(s)
2009, Book chapter, Standard methods for sampling North American freshwater fishes
This chapter describes standard techniques for sampling coldwater fishes in small standing waters. Within the context of this book, coldwater fish species are those that prefer water temperatures less than 15°C, and small standing waters are lakes and reservoirs where surface area is less than 200 ha. Chapter 7 of...
