Testing the importance of auditory detections in avian point counts
J.P. Brewster, T.R. Simons
2009, Journal of Field Ornithology (80) 178-182
Recent advances in the methods used to estimate detection probability during point counts suggest that the detection process is shaped by the types of cues available to observers. For example, models of the detection process based on distance-sampling or time-of-detection methods may yield different results for auditory versus visual cues...
Influence of diet of double-crested cormorants on thiamine, lead, and mineral contents of their eggs
H. G. Ketola, J. H. Johnson, C.M. Adams, J.F. Farquhar
2009, Journal of Freshwater Ecology (24) 39-43
Throughout much of the Great Lakes basin, reproduction of several fish species is impaired by deficiency of thiamine in their eggs, an effect attributed to consumption of thiaminase-containing forage species, primarily alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus). Because the double-crested cormorant (Phalacrocorax auritus) nesting on islands in Lake Ontario is known to consume...
VP Structure of Mount St. Helens, Washington, USA, imaged with local earthquake tomography
G.P. Waite, S.C. Moran
2009, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (182) 113-122
We present a new P-wave velocity model for Mount St. Helens using local earthquake data recorded by the Pacific Northwest Seismograph Stations and Cascades Volcano Observatory since the 18 May 1980 eruption. These data were augmented with records from a dense array of 19 temporary stations deployed during the second...
CHRONOS architecture: Experiences with an open-source services-oriented architecture for geoinformatics
D. Fils, C. Cervato, J. Reed, P. Diver, X. Tang, G. Bohling, D. Greer
2009, Computers & Geosciences (35) 774-782
CHRONOS's purpose is to transform Earth history research by seamlessly integrating stratigraphic databases and tools into a virtual on-line stratigraphic record. In this paper, we describe the various components of CHRONOS's distributed data system, including the encoding of semantic and descriptive data into a service-based architecture. We give examples of...
Time budgets of Snow Geese Chen caerulescens and Ross's Geese Chen rossii in mixed flocks: Implications of body size, ambient temperature and family associations
J.E. Jonsson, A. D. Afton
2009, Ibis (151) 134-144
Body size affects foraging and forage intake rates directly via energetic processes and indirectly through interactions with social status and social behaviour. Ambient temperature has a relatively greater effect on the energetics of smaller species, which also generally are more vulnerable to predator attacks than are larger species. We examined...
Seasonal source-sink dynamics at the edge of a species' range
L.L. Kanda, T.K. Fuller, P.R. Sievert, R.L. Kellogg
2009, Ecology (90) 1574-1585
The roles of dispersal and population dynamics in determining species' range boundaries recently have received theoretical attention but little empirical work. Here we provide data on survival, reproduction, and movement for a Virginia opossum (Didelphis virginiana) population at a local distributional edge in central Massachusetts (USA). Most juvenile females that...
Hybridization rapidly reduces fitness of a native trout in the wild
C.C. Muhlfeld, S.T. Kalinowski, T.E. McMahon, M.L. Taper, S. Painter, R.F. Leary, F.W. Allendorf
2009, Biology Letters (5) 328-331
Human-mediated hybridization is a leading cause of biodiversity loss worldwide. How hybridization affects fitness and what level of hybridization is permissible pose difficult conservation questions with little empirical information to guide policy and management decisions. This is particularly true for salmonids, where widespread introgression among non-native and native taxa has...
Environmental and climatic variables as potential drivers of post-fire cover of cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum) in seeded and unseeded semiarid ecosystems
D.J. Shinneman, W.L. Baker
2009, International Journal of Wildland Fire (18) 191-202
Cheatgrass, a non-native annual grass, dominates millions of hectares in semiarid ecosystems of the Intermountain West (USA). Post-fire invasions can reduce native species diversity and alter ecological processes. To curb cheatgrass invasion, land managers often seed recently burned areas with perennial competitor species. We sampled vegetation within burned (19 years...
Generalized analytical model for benthic water flux forced by surface gravity waves
J.N. King, A.J. Mehta, R.G. Dean
2009, Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans (114)
A generalized analytical model for benthic water flux forced by linear surface gravity waves over a series of layered hydrogeologic units is developed by adapting a previous solution for a hydrogeologic unit with an infinite thickness (Case I) to a unit with a finite thickness (Case II) and to a...
Intra-annual NDVI validation of the Landsat 5 TM radiometric calibration
G. Chander, D.P. Groeneveld
2009, International Journal of Remote Sensing (30) 1621-1628
Multispectral data from the Landsat 5 (L5) Thematic Mapper (TM) sensor provide the backbone of the extensive archive of moderate‐resolution Earth imagery. Even after more than 24 years of service, the L5 TM is still operational. Given the longevity of the satellite, the detectors have aged and the sensor's radiometric...
Measured river leakages using conventional streamflow techniques: The case of Souhegan River, New Hampshire, USA
P. T. Harte, R.G. Kiah
2009, Hydrogeology Journal (17) 409-424
Multiple streamflow measurements were made at coupled discharge measurement stations to quantify rates of aquifer recharge and discharge on two reaches of the Souhegan River, New Hampshire, USA, flowing within a glacial-drift river-valley aquifer. The reaches included a predominantly losing (aquifer recharge) reach and a variable (aquifer recharge and discharge)...
Antibody against infectious salmon anaemia virus among feral Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)
R. C. Cipriano
2009, ICES Journal of Marine Science (66) 865-870
Archived sera from Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) that returned to the Penobscot River (Maine), Merrimack River (Massachusetts), and Connecticut River (in Massachusetts) from 1995 to 2002 were analysed for antibodies against infectious salmon anaemia virus (ISAV) using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Up to 60 samples were archived per river...
Feeding ecology of arctic-nesting sandpipers during spring migration through the prairie pothole region
J.L. Eldridge, Gary L. Krapu, Douglas H. Johnson
2009, Journal of Wildlife Management (73) 248-252
We evaluated food habits of 4 species of spring-migrant calidrid sandpipers in the Prairie Pothole Region (PPR) of North Dakota. Sandpipers foraged in several wetland classes and fed primarily on aquatic dipterans, mostly larvae, and the midge family Chironomidae was the primary food eaten. Larger sandpiper species foraged in deeper...
Endogenic carbonate sedimentation in Bear Lake, Utah and Idaho, over the last two glacial-interglacial cycles
W.E. Dean
2009, Special Paper of the Geological Society of America 169-196
Sediments deposited over the past 220,000 years in Bear Lake, Utah and Idaho, are predominantly calcareous silty clay, with calcite as the dominant carbonate mineral. The abundance of siliciclastic sediment indicates that the Bear River usually was connected to Bear Lake. However, three marl intervals containing more than 50% CaCO3...
Hurricane frequency and landfall distribution for coastal wetlands of the Gulf coast, USA
T.W. Doyle
2009, Wetlands (29) 35-43
The regularity and severity of tropical storms are major determinants controlling ecosystem structure and succession for coastal ecosystems. Hurricane landfall rates vary greatly with high and low frequency for given coastal stretches of the southeastern United States. Site-specific meteorological data of hurricane wind speeds and direction, however, are only available...
Food web topology and parasites in the pelagic zone of a subarctic lake
Per-Arne Amundsen, K. D. Lafferty, R. Knudsen, R. Primicerio, A. Klemetsen, A. M. Kuris
2009, Journal of Animal Ecology (78) 563-572
Parasites permeate trophic webs with their often complex life cycles, but few studies have included parasitism in food web analyses. Here we provide a highly resolved food web from the pelagic zone of a subarctic lake and explore how the incorporation of parasites alters the topology of the web. 2....
Effect of dietary α-tocopherol + ascorbic acid, selenium, and iron on oxidative stress in sub-yearling Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha Walbaum)
T.L. Welker, J.L. Congleton
2009, Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition (93) 15-25
A three-variable central composite design coupled with surface-response analysis was used to examine the effects of dietary ??-tocopherol + ascorbic acid (TOCAA), selenium (Se), and iron (Fe) on indices of oxidative stress in juvenile spring Chinook salmon. Each dietary factor was tested at five levels for a total of fifteen...
Influence of resolution in irrigated area mapping and area estimation
N.M. Velpuri, P.S. Thenkabail, M.K. Gumma, C. Biradar, V. Dheeravath, P. Noojipady, L. Yuanjie
2009, Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing (75) 1383-1395
The overarching goal of this paper was to determine how irrigated areas change with resolution (or scale) of imagery. Specific objectives investigated were to (a) map irrigated areas using four distinct spatial resolutions (or scales), (b) determine how irrigated areas change with resolutions, and (c) establish the causes of differences...
Windthrow and salvage logging in an old-growth hemlock-northern hardwoods forest
K.D. Lang, L.A. Schulte, G.R. Guntenspergen
2009, Forest Ecology and Management (259) 56-64
Although the initial response to salvage (also known as, post-disturbance or sanitary) logging is known to vary among system components, little is known about longer term forest recovery. We examine forest overstory, understory, soil, and microtopographic response 25 years after a 1977 severe wind disturbance on the Flambeau River State...
Influence of remediation in a mine-impacted river: Metal trends over large spatial and temporal scales
Michelle I. Hornberger, S. N. Luoma, M.L. Johnson, M. Holyoak
2009, Ecological Applications (19) 1522-1535
The effectiveness of mine-waste remediation at the Clark Fork River Superfund site in western Montana, USA, was examined by monitoring metal concentrations in resident biota (caddisfly, Hydropsyche spp.) and bed sediment over a 19-year period. Remediation activities began in 1990 and are ongoing. In the upper 45 km, reduced Cu...
Spatially detailed quantification of metal loading for decision making: Metal mass loading to American fork and Mary Ellen Gulch, Utah
B. A. Kimball, R.L. Runkel
2009, Mine Water and the Environment (28) 274-290
Effective remediation requires an understanding of the relative contributions of metals from all sources in a catchment, and that understanding must be based on a spatially detailed quantification of metal loading. A traditional approach to quantifying metal loading has been to measure discharge and chemistry at a catchment outlet. This...
Recent faulting in the Gulf of Santa Catalina: San Diego to Dana Point
H. F. Ryan, M.R. Legg, J. E. Conrad, R. W. Sliter
2009, Special Paper of the Geological Society of America 291-315
We interpret seismic-reflection profiles to determine the location and offset mode of Quaternary offshore faults beneath the Gulf of Santa Catalina in the inner California Continental Borderland. These faults are primarily northwest-trending, right-lateral, strike-slip faults, and are in the offshore Rose Canyon-Newport-Inglewood, Coronado Bank, Palos Verdes, and San Diego Trough...
Saturn's north polar cyclone and hexagon at depth revealed by Cassini/VIMS
K. H. Baines, T.W. Momary, L.N. Fletcher, A.P. Showman, M. Roos-Serote, R. H. Brown, B. J. Buratti, R. N. Clark, P. D. Nicholson
2009, Planetary and Space Science (57) 1671-1681
A high-speed cyclonic vortex centered on the north pole of Saturn has been revealed by the visual-infrared mapping spectrometer (VIMS) onboard the Cassini-Huygens Orbiter, thus showing that the tropospheres of both poles of Saturn are occupied by cyclonic vortices with winds exceeding 135 m/s. High-spatial-resolution (~200 km per pixel) images...
Source inversion of the W-phase: Realtime implementation and extension to low magnitudes
G.P. Hayes, L. Rivera, H. Kanamori
2009, Seismological Research Letters (80) 817-822
Online material: Results for W-phase inversions for 498 eventswith M > 5.8 in 2007-2008, compared to results from theglobal Centroid Moment Tensor catalog....
Reply to "comment on 'revisiting the 1872 owens valley, California, earthquake' by Susan E. Hough and Kate Hutton" by William H. Bakun
S. E. Hough, K. Hutton
2009, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (99) 2591-2593
[No abstract available]...
