A combined telemetry - tag return approach to estimate fishing and natural mortality rates of an estuarine fish
N.M. Bacheler, J.A. Buckel, J.E. Hightower, L.M. Paramore, K. H. Pollock
2009, Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences (66) 1230-1244
A joint analysis of tag return and telemetry data should improve estimates of mortality rates for exploited fishes; however, the combined approach has thus far only been tested in terrestrial systems. We tagged subadult red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) with conventional tags and ultrasonic transmitters over 3 years in coastal North...
Integration of MODIS-derived metrics to assess interannual variability in snowpack, lake ice, and NDVI in southwest Alaska
Bradley C. Reed, Michael E. Budde, Page Spencer, Amy E. Miller
2009, Remote Sensing of Environment (113) 1443-1452
Impacts of global climate change are expected to result in greater variation in the seasonality of snowpack, lake ice, and vegetation dynamics in southwest Alaska. All have wide-reaching physical and biological ecosystem effects in the region. We used Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) calibrated radiance, snow cover extent, and vegetation...
Louisiana wetland water level monitoring using retracked TOPEX/POSEIDON altimetry
H. Lee, C. K. Shum, Y. Yi, M. Ibaraki, J.-W. Kim, Andreas Braun, C.-Y. Kuo, Z. Lu
2009, Marine Geodesy (32) 284-302
Previous studies using satellite radar altimetry to observe inland river and wetland water level changes usually spatially average high-rate (10-Hz for TOPEX, 18-Hz for Envisat) measurements. Here we develop a technique to apply retracking of TOPEX waveforms by optimizing the estimated retracked gate positions using the Offset Center of Gravity...
Assessment of diel chemical and isotopic techniques to investigate biogeochemical cycles in the upper Klamath River, Oregon, USA
S.R. Poulson, A.B. Sullivan
2009, Chemical Geology (266) 114-122
The upper Klamath River experiences a cyanobacterial algal bloom and poor water quality during the summer. Diel chemical and isotopic techniques have been employed in order to investigate the rates of biogeochemical processes. Four diel measurements of field parameters (temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen concentrations, and alkalinity) and stable isotope compositions...
Database for earthquake strong motion studies in Italy
G. Scasserra, J.P. Stewart, R. E. Kayen, G. Lanzo
2009, Journal of Earthquake Engineering (13) 852-881
We describe an Italian database of strong ground motion recordings and databanks delineating conditions at the instrument sites and characteristics of the seismic sources. The strong motion database consists of 247 corrected recordings from 89 earthquakes and 101 recording stations. Uncorrected recordings were drawn from public web sites and processed...
Process recognition in multi-element soil and stream-sediment geochemical data
E.C. Grunsky, L.J. Drew, D. M. Sutphin
2009, Applied Geochemistry (24) 1602-1616
Stream-sediment and soil geochemical data from the Upper and Lower Coastal Plains of South Carolina (USA) were studied to determine relationships between soils and stream sediments. From multi-element associations, characteristic compositions were determined for both media. Primary associations of elements reflect mineralogy, including heavy minerals, carbonates and clays, and the...
A critical evaluation of crustal dehydration as the cause of an overpressured and weak San Andreas Fault
P.M. Fulton, D.M. Saffer, B.A. Bekins
2009, Earth and Planetary Science Letters (284) 447-454
Many plate boundary faults, including the San Andreas Fault, appear to slip at unexpectedly low shear stress. One long-standing explanation for a "weak" San Andreas Fault is that fluid release by dehydration reactions during regional metamorphism generates elevated fluid pressures that are localized within the fault, reducing the effective normal...
Neogene collision and deformation of convergent margins along the backbone of the Americas
Roland E. von Huene, C.R. Ranero
2009, Conference Paper, Memoir of the Geological Society of America
Along Pacific convergent margins of the Americas, high-standing relief on the subducting oceanic plate "collides" with continental slopes and subducts. Features common to many collisions are uplift of the continental margin, accelerated seafloor erosion, accelerated basal subduction erosion, a flat slab, and a lack of active volcanism. Each collision along...
Rocky Mountain evolution: Tying Continental Dynamics of the Rocky Mountains and Deep Probe seismic experiments with receiver functions
E.-M. Rumpfhuber, Gordon R. Keller, E. Sandvol, A.A. Velasco, D.C. Wilson
2009, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (114)
In this study, we have determined the crustal structure using three different receiver function methods using data collected from the northern transect of the Continental Dynamics of the Rocky Mountains (CD-ROM) experiment. The resulting migrated image and crustal thickness determinations confirm and refine prior crustal thickness measurements based on the...
Ultraviolet absorbance as a proxy for total dissolved mercury in streams
J.A. Dittman, J. B. Shanley, C. T. Driscoll, G. R. Aiken, A.T. Chalmers, J.E. Towse
2009, Environmental Pollution (157) 1953-1956
Stream water samples were collected over a range of hydrologic and seasonal conditions at three forested watersheds in the northeastern USA. Samples were analyzed for dissolved total mercury (THgd), DOC concentration and DOC composition, and UV254 absorbance across the three sites over different seasons and flow conditions. Pooling data from...
Predicting fractional bed load transport rates: Application of the Wilcock‐Crowe equations to a regulated gravel bed river
David Gaeuman, E.D. Andrews, Andreas Krause, Wes Smith
2009, Water Resources Research (45)
Bed load samples from four locations in the Trinity River of northern California are analyzed to evaluate the performance of the Wilcock‐Crowe bed load transport equations for predicting fractional bed load transport rates. Bed surface particles become smaller and the fraction of sand on the bed increases with distance downstream...
Revised Dst and the epicycles of magnetic disturbance: 1958-2007
J.J. Love, J.L. Gannon
2009, Annales Geophysicae (27) 3101-3131
A revised version of the storm-time disturbance index Dst is calculated using hourly-mean magnetic-observatory data from four standard observatories and collected over the years 1958-2007. The calculation algorithm is a revision of that established by Sugiura et al., and which is now used by the Kyoto World Data Center for...
Recommendations for control of pathogens and infectious diseases in fish research facilities
M.L. Kent, S.W. Feist, C. Harper, S. Hoogstraten-Miller, J.M. Law, J. M. Sanchez-Morgado, R.L. Tanguay, G.E. Sanders, J.M. Spitsbergen, Christopher M. Whipps
2009, Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, Part C: Toxicology & Pharmacology (149) 240-248
Concerns about infectious diseases in fish used for research have risen along with the dramatic increase in the use of fish as models in biomedical research. In addition to acute diseases causing severe morbidity and mortality, underlying chronic conditions that cause low-grade or subclinical infections may confound research results. Here...
Environmental contaminants in freshwater fish and their risk to piscivorous wildlife based on a national monitoring program
J.E. Hinck, C. J. Schmitt, K.A. Chojnacki, D. E. Tillitt
2009, Environmental Monitoring and Assessment (152) 469-494
Organochlorine chemical residues and elemental concentrations were measured in piscivorous and benthivorous fish at 111 sites from large U.S. river basins. Potential contaminant sources such as urban and agricultural runoff, industrial discharges, mine drainage, and irrigation varied among the sampling sites. Our objectives were to provide summary statistics for chemical...
Habitat selection for parasite-free space by hosts of parasitic cowbirds
J.T. Forsman, T. E. Martin
2009, Oikos (118) 464-470
Choice of breeding habitat can have a major impact on fitness. Sensitivity of habitat choice to environmental cues predicting reproductive success, such as density of harmful enemy species, should be favored by natural selection. Yet, experimental tests of this idea are in short supply. Brown-headed cowbirds Molothrus ater commonly reduce...
Dramatic declines of DDE and other organochlorines in spring migrant Peregrine Falcons from Padre Island, Texas, 1978-2004
Charles J. Henny, M.A. Yates, W.S. Seegar
2009, Journal of Raptor Research (43) 37-42
Peregrine Falcons (Falco peregrinus) captured in the spring at Padre Island, Texas, nest across the arctic and subarctic from Alaska to Greenland and winter throughout Latin America. Padre Island, located immediately north of the Mexican border, is the peregrines' first landfall in the U.S.A. after spending about 6 mo in...
Elastic wave speeds and moduli in polycrystalline ice Ih, si methane hydrate, and sll methane-ethane hydrate
M.B. Helgerud, W.F. Waite, S. H. Kirby, A. Nur
2009, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (114)
We used ultrasonic pulse transmission to measure compressional, P, and shear, S, wave speeds in laboratory-formed polycrystalline ice Ih, si methane hydrate, and sll methane-ethane hydrate. From the wave speed's linear dependence on temperature and pressure and from the sample's calculated density, we derived expressions for bulk, shear, and compressional...
Movements of brown bullheads in Presque Isle Bay, Lake Erie, Pennsylvania
M. J. Millard, D. R. Smith, E. Obert, J. Grazio, M.L. Bartron, C. Wellington, S. Grise, S. Rafferty, R. Wellington, S. Julian
2009, Journal of Great Lakes Research (35) 613-619
Presque Isle Bay, Lake Erie, was listed as an Area of Concern (AOC) by the International Joint Commission in part because of the high incidence of external tumor in brown bullheads. Verifying the source of the possible contaminant exposure is critical to addressing the AOC designation. We used telemetry tracking...
Implications of anthropogenic river stage fluctuations on mass transport in a valley fill aquifer
David F. Boutt, Brandon J. Fleming
2009, Water Resources Research (45)
In humid regions a strong coupling between surface water features and groundwater systems may exist. In these environments the exchange of water and solute depends primarily on the hydraulic gradient between the reservoirs. We hypothesize that daily changes in river stage associated with anthropogenic water releases (such as those from...
Short-term effects of hurricane disturbance on food availability for migrant songbirds during autumn stopover
R.C. Dobbs, W.C. Barrow Jr., C.W. Jeske, J. Dimiceli, T.C. Michot, J.W. Beck
2009, Wetlands (29) 123-134
Understanding the consequences of hurricanes on the food resources available to neotropical-nearctic migrant songbirds may provide important insight into the effects of hurricanes on migratory populations. During autumn migration 2006 we investigated the foraging ecology of two species of insectivorous migrants, Blue-gray Gnatcatcher (Polioptila caerulea) and Yellow Warbler (Dendroica petechia),...
Wetland use and feeding by lesser scaup during spring migration across the upper Midwest, USA
M.J. Anteau, A. D. Afton
2009, Wetlands (29) 704-712
Low food availability and forage quality and concomitant decreased lipid reserves of lesser scaup (Aythya affinis; hereafter scaup) during spring migration in the upper Midwest may partially explain reductions in the continental population of scaup. In springs 20042005, we examined wetland use and feeding activity of scaup on 356 randomly-selected...
Evaluating the spatial variation of total mercury in young-of-year yellow perch (Perca flavescens), surface water and upland soil for watershed-lake systems within the southern Boreal Shield
M.C. Gabriel, R. Kolka, T. Wickman, E. Nater, Laurel G. Woodruff
2009, Science of the Total Environment (407) 4117-4126
The primary objective of this research is to investigate relationships between mercury in upland soil, lake water and fish tissue and explore the cause for the observed spatial variation of THg in age one yellow perch (Perca flavescens) for ten lakes within the Superior National Forest. Spatial relationships between yellow...
Fish movement and habitat use depends on water body size and shape
D.A. Woolnough, J. A. Downing, T.J. Newton
2009, Ecology of Freshwater Fish (18) 83-91
Home ranges are central to understanding habitat diversity, effects of fragmentation and conservation. The distance that an organism moves yields information on life history, genetics and interactions with other organisms. Present theory suggests that home range is set by body size of individuals. Here, we analyse estimates of home ranges...
Respiratory arsenate reductase as a bidirectional enzyme
C. Richey, P. Chovanec, S.E. Hoeft, R.S. Oremland, P. Basu, J.F. Stolz
2009, Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications (382) 298-302
The haloalkaliphilic bacterium Alkalilimnicola ehrlichii is capable of anaerobic chemolithoautotrophic growth by coupling the oxidation of arsenite (As(III)) to the reduction of nitrate and carbon dioxide. Analysis of its complete genome indicates that it lacks a conventional arsenite oxidase (Aox), but instead possesses two operons that each encode a putative...
Attempts to identify Clostridium botulinum toxin in milk from three experimentally intoxicated Holstein cows
R.B. Moeller Jr., B. Puschner, R.L. Walker, Tonie E. Rocke, S.R. Smith, J.S. Cullor, A.A. Ardans
2009, Journal of Dairy Science (92) 2529-2533
Three adult lactating Holstein cows were injected in the subcutaneous abdominal vein with 175 ng/kg of body weight of Clostridium botulinum type C toxin (451 cow median toxic doses) to determine if this botulinum toxin crosses the blood–milk barrier. Whole blood (in sodium heparin) and clotted blood serum samples were taken at 0 min,...
