Ecophysiology of "halarsenatibacter silvermanii" strain SLAS-1T, gen. nov., sp. nov., a facultative chemoautotrophic arsenate respirer from salt-saturated Searles Lake, California
J.S. Blum, S. Han, B. Lanoil, C. Saltikov, B. Witte, F.R. Tabita, S. Langley, T.J. Beveridge, L. Jahnke, R.S. Oremland
2009, Applied and Environmental Microbiology (75) 1950-1960
Searles Lake occupies a closed basin harboring salt-saturated, alkaline brines that have exceptionally high concentrations of arsenic oxyanions. Strain SLAS-1T was previously isolated from Searles Lake (R. S. Oremland, T. R. Kulp, J. Switzer Blum, S. E. Hoeft, S. Baesman, L. G. Miller, and J. F. Stolz, Science 308:1305-1308, 2005)....
Removal of phosphorus from agricultural wastewaters using adsorption media prepared from acid mine drainage sludge
Philip L. Sibrell, Gary A. Montgomery, Kelsey L. Ritenour, Travis W. Tucker
2009, Water Research (43) 2240-2250
Excess phosphorus in wastewaters promotes eutrophication in receiving waterways. A??cost-effective method for the removal of phosphorus from water would significantly reduce the impact of such wastewaters on the environment. Acid mine drainage sludge is a waste product produced by the neutralization of acid mine drainage, and consists mainly of the...
Post-fledging movements of juvenile Common Mergansers (mergus merganser) in Alaska as inferred by satellite telemetry
John M. Pearce, Margaret R. Petersen
2009, Waterbirds (32) 133-137
We implanted satellite transmitters into eight juvenile Common Mergansers to investigate post-fledging movements from their natal river in southcentral Alaska. Subsequently, they moved widely throughout portions of western and southcentral Alaska up to 750 km from their natal areas during fall and winter months. Transmitters of two birds (one male...
Differential energy radiation from two earthquakes in Japan with identical Mw: The Kyushu 1996 and Tottori 2000 earthquakes
G. L. Choy, J. Boatwright
2009, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (99) 1815-1826
We examine two closely located earthquakes in Japan that had identical moment magnitudes Mw but significantly different energy magnitudes Me. We use teleseismic data from the Global Seismograph Network and strong-motion data from the National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Prevention's K-Net to analyze the 19 October 1996...
Effects of megascale eruptions on Earth and Mars
T. Thordarson, M. Rampino, L. P. Keszthelyi, S. Self
2009, Special Paper of the Geological Society of America 37-53
Volcanic features are common on geologically active earthlike planets. Megascale or "super" eruptions involving >1000 Gt of magma have occurred on both Earth and Mars in the geologically recent past, introducing prodigious volumes of ash and volcanic gases into the atmosphere. Here we discuss felsic (explosive) and mafi c (flood...
Advancing landscape change research through the incorporation of Inupiaq knowledge
Wendy R. Eisner, Chris J. Cuomo, Kenneth M. Hinkel, Benjamin M. Jones, Ronald H. Brower Sr.
2009, Arctic (62) 429-442
Indigenous knowledge is a valuable but under-used source of information relevant to landscape change research. We interviewed Iñupiat elders, hunters, and other knowledge-holders in the villages of Barrow and Atqasuk on the western Arctic Coastal Plain of northern Alaska to gain further insight into the processes governing the ubiquitous lakes...
An enriched stable-isotope approach to determine the gill-zinc binding properties of juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) during acute zinc exposures in hard and soft waters
A.S. Todd, S. Brinkman, R.E. Wolf, P. J. Lamothe, K. S. Smith, J. F. Ranville
2009, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (28) 1233-1243
The objective of the present study was to employ an enriched stable-isotope approach to characterize Zn uptake in the gills of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) during acute Zn exposures in hard water (???140 mg/L as CaCO 3) and soft water (???30 mg/L as CaCO3). Juvenile rainbow trout were acclimated to...
Broadening our approaches to studying dispersal in raptors
J. L. Morrison, P.B. Wood
2009, Journal of Raptor Research (43) 81-89
Dispersal is a behavioral process having consequences for individual fitness and population dynamics. Recent advances in technology have spawned new theoretical examinations and empirical studies of the dispersal process in birds, providing opportunities for examining how this information may be applied to studies of the dispersal process in raptors. Many...
A comparison of complete mitochondrial genomes of silver carp hypophthalmichthys molitrix and bighead carp hypophthalmichthys nobilis: Implications for their taxonomic relationship and phylogeny
S.-F. Li, J.-W. Xu, Q.-L. Yang, C.H. Wang, Q. Chen, D.C. Chapman, G. Lu
2009, Journal of Fish Biology (74) 1787-1803
Based upon morphological characters, Silver carp Hypophthalmichthys molitrix and bighead carp Hypophthalmichthys nobilis (or Aristichthys nobilis) have been classified into either the same genus or two distinct genera. Consequently, the taxonomic relationship of the two species at the generic level remains equivocal. This issue is addressed by sequencing complete mitochondrial...
The contemporary cement cycle of the United States
A. Kapur, H. G. Van Oss, G. Keoleian, S.E. Kesler, A. Kendall
2009, Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management (11) 155-165
A country-level stock and flow model for cement, an important construction material, was developed based on a material flow analysis framework. Using this model, the contemporary cement cycle of the United States was constructed by analyzing production, import, and export data for different stages of the cement cycle. The United...
The Neoglacial landscape and human history of Glacier Bay, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve, southeast Alaska, USA
C. Connor, G. Streveler, A. Post, D. Monteith, W. Howell
2009, Holocene (19) 381-393
The Neoglacial landscape of the Huna Tlingit homeland in Glacier Bay is recreated through new interpretations of the lower Bay's fjordal geomorphology, late Quaternary geology and its ethnographic landscape. Geological interpretation is enhanced by 38 radiocarbon dates compiled from published and unpublished sources, as well as 15 newly dated samples....
Beneath the veil: Plant growth form influences the strength of species richness-productivity relationships in forests
B. Oberle, J.B. Grace, J.M. Chase
2009, Global Ecology and Biogeography (18) 416-425
Aim: Species richness has been observed to increase with productivity at large spatial scales, though the strength of this relationship varies among functional groups. In forests, canopy trees shade understorey plants, and for this reason we hypothesize that species richness of canopy trees will depend on macroclimate, while species richness...
The kinetics of iodide oxidation by the manganese oxide mineral birnessite
P.M. Fox, J.A. Davis, G. W. Luther III
2009, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (73) 2850-2861
The kinetics of iodide (I−) and molecular iodine (I2) oxidation by the manganese oxide mineral birnessite (δ-MnO2) was investigated over the pH range 4.5–6.25. I− oxidation to iodate (IO3-)">(IO3-) proceeded as a two-step reaction through...
Rapid incision of the Colorado River in Glen Canyon - insights from channel profiles, local incision rates, and modeling of lithologic controls
K. L. Cook, K.X. Whipple, A.M. Heimsath, Thomas C. Hanks
2009, Earth Surface Processes and Landforms (34) 994-1010
The Colorado River system in southern Utah and northern Arizona is continuing to adjust to the baselevel fall responsible for the carving of the Grand Canyon. Estimates of bedrock incision rates in this area vary widely, hinting at the transient state of the Colorado and its tributaries. In conjunction with...
Diffuse gas emissions at the Ukinrek Maars, Alaska: Implications for magmatic degassing and volcanic monitoring
William C. Evans, D. Bergfeld, R. G. McGimsey, A.G. Hunt
2009, Applied Geochemistry (24) 527-535
Diffuse CO2 efflux near the Ukinrek Maars, two small volcanic craters that formed in 1977 in a remote part of the Alaska Peninsula, was investigated using accumulation chamber measurements. High CO2 efflux, in many places exceeding 1000 g m−2 d−1, was found in conspicuous zones of plant damage or kill...
Trends in streamflow in the Yukon River Basin from 1944 to 2005 and the influence of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation
T. P. Brabets, Michelle Ann Walvoord
2009, Journal of Hydrology (371) 108-119
Streamflow characteristics in the Yukon River Basin of Alaska and Canada have changed from 1944 to 2005, and some of the change can be attributed to the two most recent modes of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO). Seasonal, monthly, and annual stream discharge data from 21 stations in the Yukon...
Halogen degassing during ascent and eruption of water-poor basaltic magma
M. Edmonds, T.M. Gerlach, Richard A. Herd
2009, Chemical Geology (263) 122-130
A study of volcanic gas composition and matrix glass volatile concentrations has allowed a model for halogen degassing to be formulated for K??lauea Volcano, Hawai'i. Volcanic gases emitted during 2004-2005 were characterised by a molar SO2/HCl of 10-64, with a mean of 33; and a molar HF/HCl of 0-5, with...
Distribution and pathogenicity of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis in boreal toads from the grand teton area of western wyoming
P.J. Murphy, S. St-Hilaire, S. Bruer, P.S. Corn, C.R. Peterson
2009, EcoHealth (6) 109-120
The pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), which causes the skin disease chytridiomycosis, has been linked to amphibian population declines and extinctions worldwide. Bd has been implicated in recent declines of boreal toads, Bufo boreas boreas, in Colorado but populations of boreal toads in western Wyoming have high prevalence of Bd without...
Distribution, density, and biomass of introduced small mammals in the southern mariana islands
A.S. Wiewel, A.A.Y. Adams, G.H. Rodda
2009, Pacific Science (63) 205-222
Although it is generally accepted that introduced small mammals have detrimental effects on island ecology, our understanding of these effects is frequently limited by incomplete knowledge of small mammal distribution, density, and biomass. Such information is especially critical in the Mariana Islands, where small mammal density is inversely related to...
Sources and transformations of nitrate from streams draining varying land uses: Evidence from dual isotope analysis
Douglas A. Burns, E.W. Boyer, E.M. Elliott, C. Kendall
2009, Journal of Environmental Quality (38) 1149-1159
Knowledge of key sources and biogeochemical processes that affect the transport of nitrate (NO3-) in streams can inform watershed management strategies for controlling downstream eutrophication. We applied dual isotope analysis of NO3- to determine the dominant sources and processes that affect NO3- concentrations in six stream/river watersheds of different land...
Late Quaternary sedimentary features of Bear Lake, Utah and Idaho
J. P. Smoot
2009, Special Paper of the Geological Society of America 49-104
Bear Lake sediments were predominantly aragonite for most of the Holocene, reflecting a hydrologically closed lake fed by groundwater and small streams. During the late Pleistocene, the Bear River flowed into Bear Lake and the lake waters spilled back into the Bear River drainage. At that time, sediment deposition was...
Effect of experimental manipulation on survival and recruitment of feral pigs
L.B. Hanson, M.S. Mitchell, J.B. Grand, D.B. Jolley, B.D. Sparklin, S.S. Ditchkoff
2009, Wildlife Research (36) 185-191
Lethal removal is commonly used to reduce the density of invasive-species populations, presuming it reduces population growth rate; the actual effect of lethal removal on the vital rates contributing to population growth, however, is rarely tested. We implemented a manipulative experiment of feral pig (Sus scrofa) populations at Fort Benning,...
Stress-related hormones and genetic diversity in sea otters (Enhydra lutris)
Shawn E. Larson, Daniel H. Monson, Brenda E. Ballachey, Ronald J. Jameson, S.K. Wasser
2009, Marine Mammal Science (25) 351-372
Sea otters (Enhydra lutris) once ranged throughout the coastal regions of the north Pacific, but were extirpated throughout their range during the fur trade of the 18th and 19th centuries, leaving only small, widely scattered, remnant populations. All extant sea otter populations are believed to have experienced a population bottleneck...
Salinity tolerance of non-native Asian swamp eels (Teleostei: Synbranchidae) in Florida, USA: Comparison of three populations and implications for dispersal
P. J. Schofield, L.G. Nico
2009, Environmental Biology of Fishes (85) 51-59
Three populations of non-native Asian swamp eels are established in peninsular Florida (USA), and comprise two different genetic lineages. To assess potential for these fish to penetrate estuarine habitats or use coastal waters as dispersal routes, we determined their salinity tolerances. Swamp eels from the three Florida populations were tested...
The national Fire and Fire Surrogate study: Effects of fuel reduction methods on forest vegetation structure and fuels
D.W. Schwilk, Jon E. Keeley, E. E. Knapp, J. Mciver, J. D. Bailey, C.J. Fettig, C.E. Fiedler, R.J. Harrod, J.J. Moghaddas, K.W. Outcalt, C.N. Skinner, S.L. Stephens, T.A. Waldrop, D.A. Yaussy, A. Youngblood
2009, Ecological Applications (19) 285-304
Changes in vegetation and fuels were evaluated from measurements taken before and after fuel reduction treatments (prescribed fire, mechanical treatments, and the combination of the two) at 12 Fire and Fire Surrogate (FFS) sites located in forests with a surface fire regime across the conterminous United States. To test the...
