Expansion of forest stands into tundra in the Noatak National Preserve, northwest Alaska
F. Suarez, Dan Binkley, Margot W. Kaye, R. Stottlemyer
1999, Écoscience (6) 465-470
Temperatures across the northern regions of North America have been increasing for 150 years, and forests have responded to this increase. In the Noatak National Preserve in Alaska, white spruce (Picea glauca [Moench] Voss) forests reach their northern limit, occurring primarily on well-drained sites and as gallery forests along streams....
Effects of hydraulic roughness on surface textures of gravel‐bed rivers
John M. Buffington, David R. Montgomery
1999, Water Resources Research (35) 3507-3521
Field studies of forest gravel‐bed rivers in northwestern Washington and southeastern Alaska demonstrate that bed‐surface grain size is responsive to hydraulic roughness caused by bank irregularities, bars, and wood debris. We evaluate textural response by comparing reach‐average median grain size (D50) to that predicted from the total...
Regeneration alternatives for upland white spruce after burning and logging in interior Alaska
R.V. Densmore, G.P. Juday, J.C. Zasada
1999, Canadian Journal of Forest Research (29) 413-423
Site-preparation and regeneration methods for white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss) were tested near Fairbanks, Alaska, on two upland sites which had been burned in a wildfire and salvage logged. After 5 and 10 years, white spruce regeneration did not differ among the four scarification methods but tended to be...
Testing releasable GPS radiocollars on wolves and white-tailed deer
Samuel B. Merrill, Layne G. Adams, Michael E. Nelson, L. David Mech
1999, Wildlife Society Bulletin (26) 830-835
We tested prototype GPS collars on 8 free-ranging wolves (Canis lupus) and 3 white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) for varying periods between February and August 1997. We programmed the 920-gm collars to make a location attempt 6-96 times per day. The collars were designed to be remotely released from the animal...
Alaska resource data file: Big Delta quadrangle
Cameron Rombach
1999, Open-File Report 99-354
No abstract available....
Concentrations of selenium, mercury, and lead in blood of emperor geese in western Alaska
J. C. Franson, Joel A. Schmutz, L. H. Creekmore, A. C. Fowler
1999, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (18) 965-969
We found up to 10 ppm wet weight of selenium in blood samples collected from emperor geese (Chen canagica) on their breeding grounds on the Yukon‐Kuskokwim Delta in western Alaska, USA. Incubating adult females captured in late May through mid‐June 1997 had significantly higher concentrations of selenium in their blood...
Population demographics and genetic diversity in remnant and translocated populations of sea otters
James L. Bodkin, Brenda E. Ballachey, M. A. Cronin, K.T. Scribner
1999, Conservation Biology (13) 1378-1385
The effects of small population size on genetic diversity and subsequent population recovery are theoretically predicted, but few empirical data are available to describe those relations. We use data from four remnant and three translocated sea otter ( Enhydra lutris) populations to examine relations among magnitude and duration of minimum population...
Productivity, diets, and environmental contaminants in nesting bald eagles from the Aleutian Archipelago
R.G. Anthony, A.K. Miles, J. A. Estes, F.B. Isaacs
1999, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (18) 2054-2062
We studied productivity, diets, and environmental contaminants in nesting bald eagles from the western Aleutian Islands, Alaska, USA, during the summers of 1993 and 1994. Productivity on Adak, Tanaga, and Amchitka Islands ranged from 0.88 to 1.24 young produced per occupied site and was comparable to that of healthy populations...
Sand lance: A review of biology and predator relations and annotated bibliography
Martin D. Robards, Mary F. Willson, Robert H. Armstrong, John F. Piatt, editor(s)
1999, Research Paper PNW-RP-521
Six species of sand lance (Ammodytes) in temperate and boreal regions are currently recognized. Sand lance can occupy a wide range of environmental conditions, but all appear to be dormant predominantly in winter, and one species is in summer also. They lack a swim bladder and spend much of their...
Turnagain Arm
Peter J. Haeussler, L. Dilley
1999, Book chapter, American Institute of Professional Geologists Annual Meeting Field Trip
No abstract available....
Multi-year persistence of oil mousse on high energy beaches distant from the Exxon Valdez spill origin
Gail V. Irvine, Daniel H. Mann, Jeffrey W. Short
1999, Marine Pollution Bulletin (38) 572-584
For at least 5 yr after the Exxon Valdez spill, relatively unweathered oil mousse has persisted on the exposed rocky shores of Shelikof Strait 500 km from Prince William Sound, Alaska. Previously it was thought that oil would be rapidly removed from such geomorphic settings by wave action. Oil mousse...
Evaluations of plastic mesh tubes for protecting conifer seedling from pocket gophers in three western states
Richard M. Engeman, Richard M. Anthony, Victor G. Barnes, Heather W. Krupa, James Evans
1999, Western Journal of Applied Forestry (14) 86-90
The efficacy of plastic mesh tubes for protecting conifer seedlings from pocket gopher damage was evaluated on three national forest lands in three states. In each area, cohorts of 640 protected seedlings and 640 unprotected seedlings (3,840 total) were individually monitored for damage, survival, and growth twice each summer for...
Implications of climate change for Alaska's seabirds
Rosa Meehan, G. Vernon Byrd, George J. Divoky, John F. Piatt
Gunter Weller, Patricia A. Anderson, editor(s)
1999, Conference Paper, Assessing the consequences of climate change for Alaska and the Bering Sea region
Seabirds are prominent and highly visible components of marine ecosystems that will be affected by global climate change. The Bering Sea region is particularly important to seabirds; populations there are larger and more diverse than in any similar region in North America—over 90% of seabirds breeding in the continental United...
An aerial survey method to estimate sea otter abundance
James L. Bodkin, Mark S. Udevitz
Gerald W. Garner, Steven C. Amstrup, Jeffrey L. Laake, Bryan F.J. Manly, Lyman L. McDonald, Donna G. Robertson, editor(s)
1999, Conference Paper, Marine mammal survey and assessment methods
Sea otters (Enhydra lutris) occur in shallow coastal habitats and can be highly visible on the sea surface. They generally rest in groups and their detection depends on factors that include sea conditions, viewing platform, observer technique and skill, distance, habitat and group size. While visible on the surface, they...
Discovery of a new Kittlitz's murrelet nest: Clues to habitat selection and nest-site fidelity
John F. Piatt, Nancy L. Naslund, Thomas I. van Pelt
1999, Northwestern Naturalist (80) 8-13
On 13 June 1993, a new Kittlitz's murrelet (Brachyramphus brevirostris) nest was discovered near Red Mountain on the Kenai Peninsula, Alaska. The nest was on a 22° slope at about 900 m elevation with a northeast aspect, and contained a 60.2 × 40.6 mm egg that weighed 49.0 g. Downy...
Maturation, fecundity, and intertidal spawning of Pacific sand lance in the northern Gulf of Alaska
Martin D. Robards, John F. Piatt, G.A. Rose
1999, Journal of Fish Biology (54) 1050-1068
Pacific sand lance Ammodytes hexapterus in Kachemak Bay, Alaska, showed no sexual dimorphism in length-to-weight (gonad-free) ratio or length-at-age relationship. Most matured in their second year, males earlier in the season than females, but females (31%) attained a higher gonadosomatic index than males (21%). Sand lance spawned intertidally once each...
Biology of the genus Ammodytes, the sand lances
Martin D. Robards, John F. Piatt
Martin D. Robards, Mary F. Willson, Robert H. Armstrong, John F. Piatt, editor(s)
1999, Book chapter, Sand lance: A review of biology and predator relations and annotated bibliography (USDA Forest Service Research Paper PNW-RP-521)
Although much taxonomic confusion exists within the genus Ammodytes, six species are currently recognized: personatus, hexapterus, americanus, dubius, tobianus, and marinus. Sand lance are both euryhaline and eurythermal, as well as tolerant of reduced oxygen concentrations. The absence of a swim bladder allows this narrow, elongate fish to spend much...
Juvenile Marbled Murrelet nurseries and the productivity index
Kathy J. Kuletz, John F. Piatt
1999, The Wilson Bulletin (111) 257-261
Late summer counts of juveniles at sea are used as an index of Marbled Murrelet (Brachyramphus marmoratus) reproductive success, but little is known about juvenile dispersal or habitat use. Further, it is not known whether these counts accurately reflect absolute breeding success. To address these questions we conducted five boat...
Nesting populations of double-crested cormorants in the United States and Canada
Laura A. Tyson, Jerrold L. Belant, Francesca J. Cuthbert, D.V. Chip Weseloh
1999, Conference Paper, Symposium on double-crested cormorants: Population status and management issues in the Midwest
Double-crested cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus) are receiving increasing attention in North America because of depredations at aquaculture facilities and alleged impacts on sport and commercial fisheries. We obtained recent (most since 1994) estimates for the number of nesting double-crested cormorants in the United States and Canada from published references and by...
Measurements of Taku River, Alaska during Tulsequah Lake outburst floods
Randy H. Host, Joseph M. Dorava
1999, Fact Sheet 131-99
Proceedings of the Third International Circumpolar Arctic Vegetation Mapping Workshop : a compilation of abstracts and short papers presented at the U.S. Geological Survey, EROS Alaska Field Office, Anchorage, Alaska, U.S.A., June 3-7, 1998
Carl J. Markon, Donald A. Walker
1999, Open-File Report 99-551
No abstract available....
Manual del McVCO 1999
P.J. McChesney
1999, Open-File Report 99-361-S
El McVCO es un generador de frecuencias basado en un microcontrolador que reemplaza al oscilador controlado por voltaje (VCO) utilizado en telemetría analógica de datos sísmicas. Acepta señales de baja potencia desde un sismómetro y produce una señal subportadora modulada en frecuencia adecuada para enlaces telefónicos o vía radio a...
Water resources data, Alaska, water year 1998
C.M. Bertrand, D.L. Hess, D. F. Meyer, Melanie L. Jackson, C. W. Smith
1999, Water Data Report AK-98-1
The Water Resources Division of the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with State and other agencies, obtains a large amount of data pertaining to the water resources of Alaska each water year. These data, accumulated during many water years, constitute a valuable data base for developing an improved understanding of...
U.S. Geological Survey Activities Related to American Indians and Alaska Natives Fiscal Year 1998
Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey
1998, Report
IntroductionThe U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) is an impartial scientific organization that strives to produce scientific results that are relevant to the people of the United States and their land and resource managers. In cooperation with American Indian and Alaska Native governments, the USGS conducts research on water and mineral resources,...
Geobotanical aspects of Simeonof Island, Shumagin Islands, southwestern Alaska
F.J.A. Daniels, Stephen S. Talbot, Sandra L. Talbot, W.B. Schofield
1998, Berichte der Reinhold-Tuexen-Gesellschaft (10) 125-138
